Hyperreality (art)
Encyclopedia
As a relatively new school of painting, hyperrealism is a recognized outgrowth of the school of photorealism
. Through convincing photographic imagery, hyperrealist painters routinely create a two-dimensional simulation of a three-dimensional reality. Hyperreal paintings are convincing illusions of reality based upon photographic images which attempt to represent reality. Hyperrealists or Hyperreal painters include Alicia St. Rose
, Jacques Bodin
, Denis Peterson
, Steven Mills and Mariano Morakis.
Early 21st century Hyperrealism was founded upon the aesthetic principles of Photorealism
. American Photorealist painter Denis Peterson
, whose pioneering hyperrealist works are universally viewed as an offshoot movement of Photorealism
, first used the term "Hyperrealism" to apply to the new movement and its splinter group of artists. Graham Thompson wrote "One demonstration of the way photography became assimilated into the art world is the success of photorealist painting in the late 1960s and early 1970s. It is also called super-realism or hyper-realism and painters like Richard Estes
, Denis Peterson
, Audrey Flack
, and Chuck Close
often worked from photographic stills to create paintings that appeared to be photographs."
Hyperrealism is contrasted with the similarly literal, photorealistic style found in photorealist paintings of the late 20th century. Photorealist painters tended to imitate photographic images, often working very systematically and consciously omitting details. The photorealist style is tight and precise, with a mechanical look, and an emphasis on mundane everyday imagery; whereas, the hyperrealist style tends to be more literal as to detail and its emphasis, rather than avoidance of, photographic anomalies, including digital fractalization, image degradation and subtractive vs additive color creation, i.e. CMYK versus RGB color wheels. As such, it incorporates and often capitalizes upon photographic limitations such as depth of field, perspective and focus to create a new hyperreality
.
Both schools of art utilize mechanical means of transferring images to the canvas in some way, including thorough preliminary drawings, or underpaintings. Photographic slide projections onto canvases techniques such as gridding may also be used to preserve accuracy. Both styles require a high level of technical prowess and virtuosity to simulate; however, despite their similarities, the two styles are distinctly apart from one another.
As a relatively young art movement, hyperrealism, transcends mere double-take illusionism to incorporate iconographic imagery of phenonenological spatial representations and lighting. Extreme detail and ethereal lighting effects are often added to create an appearance of reality, as opposed to a mere photographic simulation. Certain of these hyperreal painters have incorporated profound social, cultural and political themes as an extension of the simulchra; a stark departure from the school of photorealism. Hyperreal paintings are a literal imitation of living reality as distinguished from the particular photograph or photographs used. This frame of reference is considered by hyperrealists to be an artificial representation of an image captured in time and as a process tool of art to further the painted illusion of hyperreality
as a representation of a representation.
Photorealism
Photorealism is the genre of painting based on using the camera and photographs to gather information and then from this information creating a painting that appears photographic...
. Through convincing photographic imagery, hyperrealist painters routinely create a two-dimensional simulation of a three-dimensional reality. Hyperreal paintings are convincing illusions of reality based upon photographic images which attempt to represent reality. Hyperrealists or Hyperreal painters include Alicia St. Rose
Alicia St. Rose
Alicia St. Rose is an American pastel painter best known for utilizing photorealistic techniques to achieve heightened light, shadow and texture in a variety of subjects. She enhances photographic qualities in each of her paintings, achieving a hyperreal appearance.St...
, Jacques Bodin
Jacques Bodin
Jacques Bodin is a French hyperrealist painter who has shown his hyperreal paintings in Paris and Milan. His work accentuates photographic deviations from reality to create a hyperrealism reference...
, Denis Peterson
Denis Peterson
Denis Peterson is an American hyperrealist painter. He is a hyperrealist painter whose photorealist works have been exhibited at the Brooklyn Museum, Whitney Museum of American Art, Butler Institute of American Art, Tate Modern, Springville Museum of Art, Corcoran MPA and Max Hutchinson Gallery...
, Steven Mills and Mariano Morakis.
Early 21st century Hyperrealism was founded upon the aesthetic principles of Photorealism
Photorealism
Photorealism is the genre of painting based on using the camera and photographs to gather information and then from this information creating a painting that appears photographic...
. American Photorealist painter Denis Peterson
Denis Peterson
Denis Peterson is an American hyperrealist painter. He is a hyperrealist painter whose photorealist works have been exhibited at the Brooklyn Museum, Whitney Museum of American Art, Butler Institute of American Art, Tate Modern, Springville Museum of Art, Corcoran MPA and Max Hutchinson Gallery...
, whose pioneering hyperrealist works are universally viewed as an offshoot movement of Photorealism
Photorealism
Photorealism is the genre of painting based on using the camera and photographs to gather information and then from this information creating a painting that appears photographic...
, first used the term "Hyperrealism" to apply to the new movement and its splinter group of artists. Graham Thompson wrote "One demonstration of the way photography became assimilated into the art world is the success of photorealist painting in the late 1960s and early 1970s. It is also called super-realism or hyper-realism and painters like Richard Estes
Richard Estes
Richard Estes is an American artist, best known for his photorealist paintings. The paintings generally consist of reflective, clean, and inanimate city and geometric landscapes. He is regarded as one of the founders of the international photo-realist movement of the late 1960s, with such painters...
, Denis Peterson
Denis Peterson
Denis Peterson is an American hyperrealist painter. He is a hyperrealist painter whose photorealist works have been exhibited at the Brooklyn Museum, Whitney Museum of American Art, Butler Institute of American Art, Tate Modern, Springville Museum of Art, Corcoran MPA and Max Hutchinson Gallery...
, Audrey Flack
Audrey Flack
Audrey Flack is an American photorealist painter, printmaker, and sculptor.Flack studied fine arts in New York from 1948 to 1953. She earned a graduate degree and an honorary doctorate from Cooper Union in New York City, and a Bachelor of Fine Arts from Yale University. She studied art history at...
, and Chuck Close
Chuck Close
Charles Thomas "Chuck" Close is an American painter and photographer who achieved fame as a photorealist, through his massive-scale portraits...
often worked from photographic stills to create paintings that appeared to be photographs."
Hyperrealism is contrasted with the similarly literal, photorealistic style found in photorealist paintings of the late 20th century. Photorealist painters tended to imitate photographic images, often working very systematically and consciously omitting details. The photorealist style is tight and precise, with a mechanical look, and an emphasis on mundane everyday imagery; whereas, the hyperrealist style tends to be more literal as to detail and its emphasis, rather than avoidance of, photographic anomalies, including digital fractalization, image degradation and subtractive vs additive color creation, i.e. CMYK versus RGB color wheels. As such, it incorporates and often capitalizes upon photographic limitations such as depth of field, perspective and focus to create a new hyperreality
Hyperreality
Hyperreality is used in semiotics and postmodern philosophy to describe a hypothetical inability of consciousness to distinguish reality from fantasy, especially in technologically advanced postmodern societies...
.
Both schools of art utilize mechanical means of transferring images to the canvas in some way, including thorough preliminary drawings, or underpaintings. Photographic slide projections onto canvases techniques such as gridding may also be used to preserve accuracy. Both styles require a high level of technical prowess and virtuosity to simulate; however, despite their similarities, the two styles are distinctly apart from one another.
As a relatively young art movement, hyperrealism, transcends mere double-take illusionism to incorporate iconographic imagery of phenonenological spatial representations and lighting. Extreme detail and ethereal lighting effects are often added to create an appearance of reality, as opposed to a mere photographic simulation. Certain of these hyperreal painters have incorporated profound social, cultural and political themes as an extension of the simulchra; a stark departure from the school of photorealism. Hyperreal paintings are a literal imitation of living reality as distinguished from the particular photograph or photographs used. This frame of reference is considered by hyperrealists to be an artificial representation of an image captured in time and as a process tool of art to further the painted illusion of hyperreality
Hyperreality
Hyperreality is used in semiotics and postmodern philosophy to describe a hypothetical inability of consciousness to distinguish reality from fantasy, especially in technologically advanced postmodern societies...
as a representation of a representation.