Hungarian parliamentary election, 1994
Encyclopedia
The 1994 Hungarian general election was held in two round in May 1994. It saw the return to power of the Hungarian Socialist Party
, the former Communist party, under the leadership of Gyula Horn
, who became Prime Minister. The Socialist achieved a remarkable revival, winning an overall majority of 209 seats out of 386, up from a meagre 33 in 1990
. The governing Hungarian Democratic Forum
had an extremely bad election, falling from 165 to 37. It was also a disappointment for the principal opposition party of the previous parliament, the Alliance of Free Democrats
, which failed to capitalize on the government's unpopularity and lost seats. Poor economic performance, apparent government incompetence and a certain nostalgia for the social security of the communist era appear to be the main reasons for the result, together with significant reform of the Socialists' policies, with commitment to the expansion for the market economy and continued compensation for the victims of communism.
Despite winning an overall majority Horn decided to form a coalition with the Free Democrats, giving him a two-thirds majority. This was partly to assuage public concerns over the return of ex-communists to power, and partly to get his reform package past his own party's left wing.
Members of new government shown in bold
Hungarian Socialist Party
The Hungarian Socialist Party describes itself as a social democratic party in Hungary. It is the partial successor of the communist Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party , which ruled Hungary between 1956 and 1989. The decision to declare the party a successor of the MSZMP was controversial, and...
, the former Communist party, under the leadership of Gyula Horn
Gyula Horn
Gyula Horn is a Hungarian politician and the third Prime Minister of the Republic of Hungary, from 1994–1998....
, who became Prime Minister. The Socialist achieved a remarkable revival, winning an overall majority of 209 seats out of 386, up from a meagre 33 in 1990
Hungarian parliamentary election, 1990
The 1990 Hungarian general election, which took place on March 25 and April 8 of that year, was the first free election to be held in the country since 1945, and only the third honest election in the country's history...
. The governing Hungarian Democratic Forum
Hungarian Democratic Forum
The Hungarian Democratic Forum , abbreviated to MDF, was a centre-right political party in Hungary. It had a liberal conservative and Christian democratic ideology...
had an extremely bad election, falling from 165 to 37. It was also a disappointment for the principal opposition party of the previous parliament, the Alliance of Free Democrats
Alliance of Free Democrats
The Alliance of Free Democrats – Hungarian Liberal Party is a liberal party in Hungary, led since July 2010 by Viktor Szabadai . The SZDSZ is a member of the ELDR and of Liberal International...
, which failed to capitalize on the government's unpopularity and lost seats. Poor economic performance, apparent government incompetence and a certain nostalgia for the social security of the communist era appear to be the main reasons for the result, together with significant reform of the Socialists' policies, with commitment to the expansion for the market economy and continued compensation for the victims of communism.
Despite winning an overall majority Horn decided to form a coalition with the Free Democrats, giving him a two-thirds majority. This was partly to assuage public concerns over the return of ex-communists to power, and partly to get his reform package past his own party's left wing.
Results
| Party | Single-Member constituencies | Party list | Total seats | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st round | 2nd round | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | |||||||
| Votes | % | Votes | % | County | National | # | ± | % | ||||
| Hungarian Socialist Party Hungarian Socialist Party The Hungarian Socialist Party describes itself as a social democratic party in Hungary. It is the partial successor of the communist Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party , which ruled Hungary between 1956 and 1989. The decision to declare the party a successor of the MSZMP was controversial, and... |
1,688,835 | 31.3 | 1,943,758 | 45.3 | 149 | 1,781,504 | 33.0 | 54 | 7 | 209 | +175 | 54.1 |
| Alliance of Free Democrats Alliance of Free Democrats The Alliance of Free Democrats – Hungarian Liberal Party is a liberal party in Hungary, led since July 2010 by Viktor Szabadai . The SZDSZ is a member of the ELDR and of Liberal International... |
1,005,658 | 18.6 | 1,221,069 | 28.5 | 16 | 1,065,889 | 19.7 | 28 | 25 | 69 | -23 | 17.9 |
| Hungarian Democratic Forum Hungarian Democratic Forum The Hungarian Democratic Forum , abbreviated to MDF, was a centre-right political party in Hungary. It had a liberal conservative and Christian democratic ideology... |
649,872 | 12.0 | 639,866 | 14.9 | 5 | 633,770 | 11.7 | 18 | 15 | 38 | -126 | 9.8 |
| Independent Smallholders' Party | 425,346 | 7.9 | 252,405 | 5.9 | 1 | 476,272 | 8.8 | 14 | 11 | 26 | -18 | 6.7 |
| Christian Democratic People's Party Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary) The Christian Democratic People's Party is a political party in Hungary.- History :The party was founded in 1944 by Hungarian Catholic statesmen, intellectuals, and ecclesiastical such as Bishop Vilmos Apor, Béla Kovrig , László Varga and General József Pálffy, among others... |
397,873 | 7.4 | 126,616 | 3.0 | 3 | 379,523 | 7.0 | 5 | 14 | 22 | +1 | 5.7 |
| Federation of Young Democrats Fidesz – Hungarian Civic Union The Fidesz – Hungarian Civic Union is a major conservative party in Hungary. At the 2010 election in Hungary, Fidesz-KDNP won a two-thirds majority of seats by gaining 52% of the votes, with Fidesz winning 227 seats and KDNP winning 36... |
416,116 | 7.7 | 29,391 | 0.7 | 0 | 379,344 | 7.0 | 7 | 13 | 20 | -1 | 5.2 |
| Agrarian Alliance | 132,173 | 2.4 | 14,544 | 0.3 | 1 | 113,384 | 2.1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ±0 | 0.3 |
| Fidesz Fidesz – Hungarian Civic Union The Fidesz – Hungarian Civic Union is a major conservative party in Hungary. At the 2010 election in Hungary, Fidesz-KDNP won a two-thirds majority of seats by gaining 52% of the votes, with Fidesz winning 227 seats and KDNP winning 36... -LPSZ-ASZ-SZDSZ Alliance of Free Democrats The Alliance of Free Democrats – Hungarian Liberal Party is a liberal party in Hungary, led since July 2010 by Viktor Szabadai . The SZDSZ is a member of the ELDR and of Liberal International... joint candidate |
6,440 | 0.1 | 7,666 | 0.2 | 1 | - | - | - | - | 1 | +1 | 0.3 |
| Extraparliamentary parties | 678,616 | 12.4 | 51,283 | 1.2 | 0 | 570,508 | 10.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -9 | 0 |
Members of new government shown in bold
Results of Single Member Constituencies