Huangshan Shi
Encyclopedia
Huangshan is a prefecture-level city
in southern Anhui
province of Eastern China
. Huangshan means Yellow Mountain in Chinese and the city is named after the famously scenic Yellow Mountains
which cover much of the city's vast geographic expanse. The prefectural city of Huangshan includes three urban districts and four counties. The urban center of Huangshan was originally the city of Tunxi, and is now called Tunxi District
. Locals still call the city Tunxi to distinguish urban core from other parts of Huangshan.
Huangshan occupies the southernmost part of Anhui. It is bordered by Chizhou
to the northwest, Xuancheng
to the northeast, Jiangxi
Province to the southwest and Zhejiang
Province to the southeast. Huangshan's history dates back to the time of the First Emperor. The city's current jurisdiction covers much of the historical and cultural region of Huizhou
(徽州), which together with Anqing
formed the name of Anhui Province. Huangshan is home to two UNESCO
World Heritage Sites, Mount Huangshan and Hongcun and Xidi, the ancient villages of southern Anhui. It is a leading tourist destination in China.
The prefecture-level city
of Huangshan administers 7 county-level divisions, including 3 districts and 4 counties.
These are further divided into 145 township-level divisions, including 42 towns, 100 townships and 3 subdistrict
s.
Keemun tea
is produced in Qimen County
, and the tea is named for the county. Mao feng
, a green tea, is also produced in neighboring counties. Tourism, centered around Mount Huang but also including other scenic and historic sites (such as Xidi
and Hongcun
), is also an important part of the Huangshan economy.
, also referred to as the Tunxi Airport, is located in Tunxi District and is known by the IATA abbreviation TXN. The airport was built in 1958 and was expanded in 2000. It offers daily flights to Beijing, Shanghai, Hefei, Guangzhou, and weekly flights to Chengdu, Chongqing, Xiamen, and Shenzhen.
Huangshan will become a high-speed rail junction once the Hefei-Fuzhou Passenger Designated Railway Line
and the Hangzhou-Huangshan High Speed Railway
enter into operation, respectively, in 2012 and 2013. Hefei, Nanjing, and Hangzhou will all be accessible by rail in about one hour of travel time.
Prefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...
in southern Anhui
Anhui
Anhui is a province in the People's Republic of China. Located in eastern China across the basins of the Yangtze River and the Huai River, it borders Jiangsu to the east, Zhejiang to the southeast, Jiangxi to the south, Hubei to the southwest, Henan to the northwest, and Shandong for a tiny...
province of Eastern China
East China
East China is a geographical and a loosely-defined cultural region that covers the eastern coastal area of China.Although an intangible and loosely defined concept, for administrative and governmental purposes, the region is defined by the government of the People's Republic of China to include...
. Huangshan means Yellow Mountain in Chinese and the city is named after the famously scenic Yellow Mountains
Huangshan
Huangshan may refer to:*Huangshan , a scenic mountain range and UNESCO World Heritage Site*Huangshan City, a prefecture-level city centered on the Huangshan Mountains...
which cover much of the city's vast geographic expanse. The prefectural city of Huangshan includes three urban districts and four counties. The urban center of Huangshan was originally the city of Tunxi, and is now called Tunxi District
Tunxi District
Tunxi District forms the central district of Huangshan City, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China. It has a population of 150,000 and an area of .Tunxi District has jurisdiction over four subdistricts and five towns....
. Locals still call the city Tunxi to distinguish urban core from other parts of Huangshan.
Huangshan occupies the southernmost part of Anhui. It is bordered by Chizhou
Chizhou
Chizhou is a prefecture-level city in Anhui province, People's Republic of China. It borders Anqing to the northwest, Tongling and Wuhu to the northeast, Xuancheng to the east, Huangshan to the southeast, and the province of Jiangxi to the southwest....
to the northwest, Xuancheng
Xuancheng
Xuancheng is a prefecture-level city in southeastern Anhui province of Eastern China. It borders Wuhu to the northwest, Chizhou to the west, Huangshan to the southwest, and the provinces of Zhejiang and Jiangsu to the southeast and northeast respectively....
to the northeast, Jiangxi
Jiangxi
' is a southern province in the People's Republic of China. Spanning from the banks of the Yangtze River in the north into hillier areas in the south, it shares a border with Anhui to the north, Zhejiang to the northeast, Fujian to the east, Guangdong to the south, Hunan to the west, and Hubei to...
Province to the southwest and Zhejiang
Zhejiang
Zhejiang is an eastern coastal province of the People's Republic of China. The word Zhejiang was the old name of the Qiantang River, which passes through Hangzhou, the provincial capital...
Province to the southeast. Huangshan's history dates back to the time of the First Emperor. The city's current jurisdiction covers much of the historical and cultural region of Huizhou
Huizhou (region)
Huizhou is a historical region in southeastern China. It corresponds to the southernmost part of Anhui Province plus Wuyuan County in northeastern Jiangxi Province. Anhui, the name of the province, is a portmanteau word combining the first characters of Anqing and Huizhou.-Geography:Huizhou is a...
(徽州), which together with Anqing
Anqing
Anqing is a prefecture-level city in southwestern Anhui province, East China. It borders Lu'an to the north, Chaohu to the northeast, Tongling to the east, Chizhou to the southeast, and the provinces of Jiangxi and Hubei to the south and west respectively....
formed the name of Anhui Province. Huangshan is home to two UNESCO
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations...
World Heritage Sites, Mount Huangshan and Hongcun and Xidi, the ancient villages of southern Anhui. It is a leading tourist destination in China.
Administration
Prefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...
of Huangshan administers 7 county-level divisions, including 3 districts and 4 counties.
- Tunxi DistrictTunxi DistrictTunxi District forms the central district of Huangshan City, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China. It has a population of 150,000 and an area of .Tunxi District has jurisdiction over four subdistricts and five towns....
(屯溪区) - Huangshan DistrictHuangshan DistrictHuangshan District is a district of Huangshan City, Anhui province, People's Republic of China. It has s population of 160,000 and an area of . The government of Huangshan District is located in Jintai Town...
(黄山区) - Huizhou DistrictHuizhou DistrictHuizhou District is a district of Huangshan City, Anhui province, People's Republic of China. It has a population of 100,000 and an area of .Huizhou District has jurisdiction over one town and six townships....
(徽州区) - She CountyShe CountyShe County , or Shexian, is a county in Anhui Province, People's Republic of China under the jurisdiction of Huangshan City. It has a population of 500,000 and an area of .She County is noted for its rich history and culture heritage...
(歙县) - Xiuning CountyXiuning CountyXiuning County is a county in Anhui Province, People's Republic of China, under the jurisdiction of Huangshan City. It has a population of 270,000 and an area of...
(休宁县) - Yi CountyYi CountyYi County is a county in Anhui Province, People's Republic of China, under the jurisdiction of Huangshan City. It has a population of 100,000 and an area of . The government of Yi County is located in Biyang Town...
(黟县) - Qimen CountyQimen CountyQimen County is a county in Anhui Province, People's Republic of China, under the jurisdiction of Huangshan City. It has a population of 190,000 and an area of . The government of Qimen County is located in Qishan Town....
(祁门县)
These are further divided into 145 township-level divisions, including 42 towns, 100 townships and 3 subdistrict
Subdistrict
Subdistrict is a low level administrative division of a country. In Thailand it may refer to the King Amphoe or to the Tambon. In England and Wales it was part of a Registration district....
s.
Economy
Keemun tea
Keemun is a black Chinese tea with a winey and fruity taste, designated as a China Famous Tea.-History:Keemun is produced in the Qimen County of Huangshan City, in Anhui province. Keemun has a relatively short history...
is produced in Qimen County
Qimen County
Qimen County is a county in Anhui Province, People's Republic of China, under the jurisdiction of Huangshan City. It has a population of 190,000 and an area of . The government of Qimen County is located in Qishan Town....
, and the tea is named for the county. Mao feng
Mao feng
Mao feng is a term in tea manufacture denoting the picking of a bud and two leaves of equal length. Mao feng teas have a broad, curved, flat shape. It is considered one of the choicest shapes of tea leaf....
, a green tea, is also produced in neighboring counties. Tourism, centered around Mount Huang but also including other scenic and historic sites (such as Xidi
Xidi
Xidi , is a village in southern Anhui province , in China, which was declared a part of the "Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui" World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2000, along with the village of Hongcun.- History :...
and Hongcun
Hongcun
Hongcun is a village in Yi County county, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China, near the southwest slope of Mount Huangshan.The village is arranged in the shape of an ox with the nearby hill interpreted as the head, and two trees standing on it as the horns. Four bridges across the Jiyin...
), is also an important part of the Huangshan economy.
Transportation
Due to rugged terrain, Huangshan was traditionally a secluded region. The Xinan River provided an outlet to the east. Winding, narrow roads through Huang Mountains made trips to Xuancheng, Wuhu, Guichi and the Yangtze River slow and arduous. In recent decades, improvements to the transportation infrustructure have made the city and its surrounding tourist attractions more accessible.Air
The Huangshan Tunxi International AirportHuangshan Tunxi International Airport
Huangshan Tunxi International Airport is an airport in Tunxi, Huangshan City, Anhui Province, China. It mainly serves tourists to Mount Huangshan, one of China's top tourist destinations. The airport was first built in 1958 and has one 2,600-meter runway....
, also referred to as the Tunxi Airport, is located in Tunxi District and is known by the IATA abbreviation TXN. The airport was built in 1958 and was expanded in 2000. It offers daily flights to Beijing, Shanghai, Hefei, Guangzhou, and weekly flights to Chengdu, Chongqing, Xiamen, and Shenzhen.
Rail
Huangshan City is currently served by only one railway line, the Anhui-Jiangxi Railway, which was completed in 1982 and has stations in Jixi County, She County, Tunxi District, Xiuning County, and Qimen County. From the main Huangshan City Railway Station in Tunxi, direct train service is available to Nanjing, Shanghai, Bengbu, Huaibei, Qingdao and Beijing among other cities the north, and points to the south including Jingdezhen, Yingtan, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Kunming.Huangshan will become a high-speed rail junction once the Hefei-Fuzhou Passenger Designated Railway Line
Hefei-Fuzhou Passenger Designated Railway Line
Hefei–Fuzhou High-Speed Railway , is a dual-track, electrified, passenger-dedicated, high-speed rail line, under construction in eastern China. The line is named after its two terminal cities, Hefei and Fuzhou. It has a total length of 806 kilometres and runs through Anhui, Jiangxi and Fujian...
and the Hangzhou-Huangshan High Speed Railway
Hangzhou-Huangshan High Speed Railway
Hangzhou-Huangshan High-Speed Railway or Hanghuang HSR is a dual-track, electrified, high-speed rail line, planned for construction in eastern China between Hangzhou and Huangshan. It will run 262km through Zhejiang and southern Anhui province and will accommodate trains traveling at speeds up...
enter into operation, respectively, in 2012 and 2013. Hefei, Nanjing, and Hangzhou will all be accessible by rail in about one hour of travel time.
Road
Huangshan is now a highway junction city. The Huizhou-Hangzhou Expressway runs east to Hanghzou. The Hefei-Tongling-Huangshan Expressway heads north to Tongling on the Yangtze River and then to Hefei, the Anhui provincial capital. The Huangshan-Taling-Taolin Expressway extends southwest to Wuyuan in Jiangxi Province. The Huangshan-Quzhou-Nanping Expressway, currently under construction, will run southeast through Zhejiang Province to Nanping in Fujian Province. Until the expressways were built in the first decade of the 21st century, Huangshan's main roads were National Route G205 and Provincial Route S326, which follow the Anhui-Zhejiang Railway.Other notes
In early 2008, the BBC broadcast a series of 5 documentaries on life for schoolchildren in China, called "Chinese School". One of the three schools documented was Xiuning High School, the top school in the county. This was situated in the town of Xiuning, in the county of Xiuning in Huangshan. This was shown on BBC 4, and could also be seen on BBC iplayer, and was received with mixed reactions, most of which were positive. To see a more complete review of the series, follow this link: http://www.hero.ac.uk/media_relations/18963.cfmExternal links
- Government website of Huangshan
- Huangshan Tours and Hotels
- Yin Yu Tang: A Chinese Home provides a detailed look at life within the Huangshan District of East China through the examination of a Huang family residence built during the late Qing dynasty and occupied for over 200 years.
- Cultural Impression of Huizhou in Huangshan City