Hu Jingyi
Encyclopedia
Hu Jingyi 胡京伊 Chinese general, warlord
and military governor of Henan
(1924–25) during the Warlord Era
of China.
Hu Jingyi was born on 4 June 1892, Fuping County, Shaanxi
. He joined the Chinese Revolutionary Alliance in 1910. Following the Wuchang Uprising
in 1911, Hu led a revolt in Shaanxi
. He became a general of Kuomintang
forces during the "Second Revolution" against Yuan Shikai
's dictatorship in 1913. He held several posts in the Shaanxi army in the following decades.
During the Second Zhili–Fengtian War in the autumn of 1924, Feng Yuxiang
betrayed the Zhili clique when he led his army from the battlefield to execute the Beijing coup
, where he detained its leader President Cao Kun
, and reorganized his forces as the Guominjun
. Hu was named the deputy commander-in-chief and the commander of the 3rd Army as well as governor of Henan.
The Soviets decided to assist Feng with advisors and assistance in arming the Guominjun with the intent of forming another movement like the KMT in North China. In return for arms Feng and Hu gave the Russian and Chinese Communists a free hand in their territiories. Feng and Hu sent 25 high ranking officers to the Soviet Union
for military training. However following Hu's sudden death in office on 10 April 1925, he was succeeded by Yue Weijun.
Stanford University Press, 1994, ISBN 0804721424.
Warlord
A warlord is a person with power who has both military and civil control over a subnational area due to armed forces loyal to the warlord and not to a central authority. The term can also mean one who espouses the ideal that war is necessary, and has the means and authority to engage in war...
and military governor of Henan
Henan
Henan , is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the central part of the country. Its one-character abbreviation is "豫" , named after Yuzhou , a Han Dynasty state that included parts of Henan...
(1924–25) during the Warlord Era
Warlord era
The Chinese Warlord Era was the period in the history of the Republic of China, from 1916 to 1928, when the country was divided among military cliques, a division that continued until the fall of the Nationalist government in the mainland China regions of Sichuan, Shanxi, Qinghai, Ningxia,...
of China.
Hu Jingyi was born on 4 June 1892, Fuping County, Shaanxi
Fuping County, Shaanxi
Fuping County is a county in Weinan City, located in the center of Shaanxi Province of China.Area: 1233 km2; Population: 750,000; Postal Code: 711700It comprises 24 towns, 337 administrative villages.-External links:*...
. He joined the Chinese Revolutionary Alliance in 1910. Following the Wuchang Uprising
Wuchang Uprising
The Wuchang Uprising began with the dissatisfaction of the handling of a railway crisis. The crisis then escalated to an uprising where the revolutionaries went up against Qing government officials. The uprising was then assisted by the New Army in a coup against their own authorities in the city...
in 1911, Hu led a revolt in Shaanxi
Shaanxi
' is a province in the central part of Mainland China, and it includes portions of the Loess Plateau on the middle reaches of the Yellow River in addition to the Qinling Mountains across the southern part of this province...
. He became a general of Kuomintang
Kuomintang
The Kuomintang of China , sometimes romanized as Guomindang via the Pinyin transcription system or GMD for short, and translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party is a founding and ruling political party of the Republic of China . Its guiding ideology is the Three Principles of the People, espoused...
forces during the "Second Revolution" against Yuan Shikai
Yuan Shikai
Yuan Shikai was an important Chinese general and politician famous for his influence during the late Qing Dynasty, his role in the events leading up to the abdication of the last Qing Emperor of China, his autocratic rule as the second President of the Republic of China , and his short-lived...
's dictatorship in 1913. He held several posts in the Shaanxi army in the following decades.
During the Second Zhili–Fengtian War in the autumn of 1924, Feng Yuxiang
Feng Yuxiang
Feng Yuxiang was a warlord and leader in Republican China. He was also known as the Christian General for his zeal to convert his troops and the Betrayal General for his penchant to break with the establishment. In 1911, he was an officer in the ranks of Yuan Shikai's Beiyang Army but joined...
betrayed the Zhili clique when he led his army from the battlefield to execute the Beijing coup
Beijing coup
The Beijing coup refers to the October 1924 coup d'etat by Feng Yuxiang against Chinese President Cao Kun, leader of the Zhili warlord faction. Feng called it the Capital Revolution . The coup occurred at a crucial moment in the Second Zhili–Fengtian War and allowed the pro-Japanese Fengtian...
, where he detained its leader President Cao Kun
Cao Kun
|-...
, and reorganized his forces as the Guominjun
Guominjun
The Guominjun , a.k.a Nationalist Army, KMC, or Northwest Army , refers to the military faction founded by Feng Yuxiang, Hu Jingyi and Sun Yue during China's Warlord Era. It was formed when Feng betrayed the Zhili clique during the Second Zhili-Fengtian War with the Fengtian clique in 1924...
. Hu was named the deputy commander-in-chief and the commander of the 3rd Army as well as governor of Henan.
The Soviets decided to assist Feng with advisors and assistance in arming the Guominjun with the intent of forming another movement like the KMT in North China. In return for arms Feng and Hu gave the Russian and Chinese Communists a free hand in their territiories. Feng and Hu sent 25 high ranking officers to the Soviet Union
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
for military training. However following Hu's sudden death in office on 10 April 1925, he was succeeded by Yue Weijun.
Sources
- Odoric Y. K. Wou, Mobilizing the Masses: Building Revolution in Henan,
Stanford University Press, 1994, ISBN 0804721424.