Hrušov (Ostrava)
Encyclopedia
Hrušov is a part of the city of Ostrava
, Moravian-Silesian Region
in the Czech Republic
. Hrušov is historically a market town
, now administratively a part of the district of Slezská Ostrava
.
It lies in the historical region of Těšín Silesia
and was first mentioned in a written document in 1256. It witnessed heavy industrialization in the 19th century, coal
was mined there, several factories were built, influx of migrant workers occurred.
Hrušov gained market town rights in 1908. Formerly an independent municipality, it was incorporated into the city in 1941 by the Nazi mayor, Emil Beier
.
According to the Austrian
census of 1910 the market town had 7,922 inhabitants, 7,508 of whom had permanent residence there. Census asked people for their native language, 3,585 (47.7%) were German-speaking, 2,429 (32.4%) were Polish-speaking and 1,487 (19.8%) were Czech-speaking. Jews
were not allowed to declare Yiddish
, most of them thus declared German as their native language. Most populous religious groups were Roman Catholics with 7,502 (94.7%) followed by the Jews
with 197 (2.5%) and Protestants with 182 (2.3%).
Ostrava
Ostrava is the third largest city in the Czech Republic and the second largest urban agglomeration after Prague. Located close to the Polish border, it is also the administrative center of the Moravian-Silesian Region and of the Municipality with Extended Competence. Ostrava was candidate for the...
, Moravian-Silesian Region
Moravian-Silesian Region
Moravian-Silesian Region , or Moravo-Silesian Region, is one of 14 administrative Regions of the Czech Republic, until May 2001 it was formerly called the Ostrava Region . The region is located in the north-eastern part of its historical region of Moravia and in most of the Czech part of the...
in the Czech Republic
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....
. Hrušov is historically a market town
Market town
Market town or market right is a legal term, originating in the medieval period, for a European settlement that has the right to host markets, distinguishing it from a village and city...
, now administratively a part of the district of Slezská Ostrava
Slezská Ostrava
Slezská Ostrava , till 1919 Polnisch Ostrau is a district of the city of Ostrava, Moravian-Silesian Region in the Czech Republic. It lies in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia, not counting Koblov and Antošovice lying north-west from the Oder river in the Hlučín Region.It comprises...
.
It lies in the historical region of Těšín Silesia
Cieszyn Silesia
Cieszyn Silesia or Těšín Silesia or Teschen Silesia is a historical region in south-eastern Silesia, centered around the towns of Cieszyn and Český Těšín and bisected by the Olza River. Since 1920 it has been divided between Poland and Czechoslovakia, and later the Czech Republic...
and was first mentioned in a written document in 1256. It witnessed heavy industrialization in the 19th century, coal
Coal
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams. The harder forms, such as anthracite coal, can be regarded as metamorphic rock because of later exposure to elevated temperature and pressure...
was mined there, several factories were built, influx of migrant workers occurred.
Hrušov gained market town rights in 1908. Formerly an independent municipality, it was incorporated into the city in 1941 by the Nazi mayor, Emil Beier
Emil Beier
SS Sturmbannführer Emil Beier was a German Nazi politician and Mayor of Ostrava, between 1940 and 1945 in Czechoslovakia during the Second World War occupation ....
.
According to the Austrian
Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary , more formally known as the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council and the Lands of the Holy Hungarian Crown of Saint Stephen, was a constitutional monarchic union between the crowns of the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary in...
census of 1910 the market town had 7,922 inhabitants, 7,508 of whom had permanent residence there. Census asked people for their native language, 3,585 (47.7%) were German-speaking, 2,429 (32.4%) were Polish-speaking and 1,487 (19.8%) were Czech-speaking. Jews
Jews
The Jews , also known as the Jewish people, are a nation and ethnoreligious group originating in the Israelites or Hebrews of the Ancient Near East. The Jewish ethnicity, nationality, and religion are strongly interrelated, as Judaism is the traditional faith of the Jewish nation...
were not allowed to declare Yiddish
Yiddish language
Yiddish is a High German language of Ashkenazi Jewish origin, spoken throughout the world. It developed as a fusion of German dialects with Hebrew, Aramaic, Slavic languages and traces of Romance languages...
, most of them thus declared German as their native language. Most populous religious groups were Roman Catholics with 7,502 (94.7%) followed by the Jews
Jews
The Jews , also known as the Jewish people, are a nation and ethnoreligious group originating in the Israelites or Hebrews of the Ancient Near East. The Jewish ethnicity, nationality, and religion are strongly interrelated, as Judaism is the traditional faith of the Jewish nation...
with 197 (2.5%) and Protestants with 182 (2.3%).
People
- Vlastimil BrodskýVlastimil BrodskýVlastimil Brodský was a respected Czech actor. He appeared in over 90 films, and is considered a key figure in the postwar development of Czech cinema....
, actor - Bedřich GolombekBedrich GolombekBedřich Golombek was a Czech journalist and writer.Golombek was born into family of a coal miner. He studied at a secondary school in Ostrava, immediately afterwards began work for the newspaper Lidové noviny, in the office in Brno...
, journalist - Marie Rottrová, singer