Horace Hawkins
Encyclopedia
Horace J. Hawkins was a British
socialist.
Hawkins was secretary of the Stratford
(later Central West Ham
) branch of the Social Democratic Federation
from 1900 to 1903 and a speaker for that party. He proved to be important in the formation of the Socialist Party of Great Britain
, being expelled, along with Jack Fitzgerald
, at the Burnley conference of the SDF in April 1904, and serving on the SPGB Provisional Committee of May 1904. He was also on the first Executive Committee and was an outdoor speaker for the SPGB. Hawkins was expelled on 4 February 1905 for his personal harassment
of Alexander Anderson
.
By 1910 Hawkins was in Australia
and active as a De Leonist
. He is last known of a year later as a member of the IWW
Club in Sydney
.
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
socialist.
Hawkins was secretary of the Stratford
Stratford, London
Stratford is a place in the London Borough of Newham, England. It is located east northeast of Charing Cross and is one of the major centres identified in the London Plan. It was historically an agrarian settlement in the ancient parish of West Ham, which transformed into an industrial suburb...
(later Central West Ham
West Ham
West Ham is in the London Borough of Newham in London, England. In the west it is a post-industrial neighbourhood abutting the site of the London Olympic Park and in the east it is mostly residential, consisting of Victorian terraced housing interspersed with higher density post-War social housing...
) branch of the Social Democratic Federation
Social Democratic Federation
The Social Democratic Federation was established as Britain's first organised socialist political party by H. M. Hyndman, and had its first meeting on June 7, 1881. Those joining the SDF included William Morris, George Lansbury and Eleanor Marx. However, Friedrich Engels, Karl Marx's long-term...
from 1900 to 1903 and a speaker for that party. He proved to be important in the formation of the Socialist Party of Great Britain
Socialist Party of Great Britain
The Socialist Party of Great Britain , is a small Marxist political party within the impossibilist tradition. It is best known for its advocacy of using the ballot box for revolutionary purposes; opposition to reformism; and its early adoption of the theory of state capitalism to describe the...
, being expelled, along with Jack Fitzgerald
Jack Fitzgerald
Jack Fitzgerald was a founder member of the Socialist Party of Great Britain.“Fitz”, as he was known, was a very well known indoor and outdoor speaker for Party—two of his debates were issued as pamphlets: The Socialist Party and the Liberal Party and Socialism and Tariff Reform —and was a...
, at the Burnley conference of the SDF in April 1904, and serving on the SPGB Provisional Committee of May 1904. He was also on the first Executive Committee and was an outdoor speaker for the SPGB. Hawkins was expelled on 4 February 1905 for his personal harassment
Harassment
Harassment covers a wide range of behaviors of an offensive nature. It is commonly understood as behaviour intended to disturb or upset, and it is characteristically repetitive. In the legal sense, it is intentional behaviour which is found threatening or disturbing...
of Alexander Anderson
Alexander Anderson (English socialist)
Alexander Anderson was a British socialist who helped found the Socialist Party of Great Britain.Like most SPGB founder members Anderson had previously been in the Social Democratic Federation, however it was another individual of the same name who held various posts in that party...
.
By 1910 Hawkins was in Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
and active as a De Leonist
De Leonism
De Leonism, occasionally known as Marxism-Deleonism, is a form of syndicalist Marxism developed by Daniel De Leon. De Leon was an early leader of the first United States socialist political party, the Socialist Labor Party of America....
. He is last known of a year later as a member of the IWW
Industrial Workers of the World
The Industrial Workers of the World is an international union. At its peak in 1923, the organization claimed some 100,000 members in good standing, and could marshal the support of perhaps 300,000 workers. Its membership declined dramatically after a 1924 split brought on by internal conflict...
Club in Sydney
Sydney
Sydney is the most populous city in Australia and the state capital of New South Wales. Sydney is located on Australia's south-east coast of the Tasman Sea. As of June 2010, the greater metropolitan area had an approximate population of 4.6 million people...
.
See also
- Socialist Party of Great BritainSocialist Party of Great BritainThe Socialist Party of Great Britain , is a small Marxist political party within the impossibilist tradition. It is best known for its advocacy of using the ballot box for revolutionary purposes; opposition to reformism; and its early adoption of the theory of state capitalism to describe the...
1904–1913 membership register - Justice