Hooker Jim was a Modoc

Modoc

The Modoc are a Native American people who originally lived in the area which is now northeastern California and central Southern Oregon. They are currently divided between Oregon and Oklahoma. The latter are a federally recognized tribe, the Modoc Tribe of Oklahoma...

 warrior who played a pivotal role in the Modoc War

Modoc War

The Modoc War, or Modoc Campaign , was an armed conflict between the Native American Modoc tribe and the United States Army in southern Oregon and northern California from 1872–1873. The Modoc War was the last of the Indian Wars to occur in California or Oregon...

. Hooker Jim was the son-in-law of tribal medicine man Curley Headed Doctor

Curley Headed Doctor

Curley Headed Doctor [sic] was the spiritual leader for the Modoc tribe, notably during the Modoc War troubles.-Background:Curley Headed Doctor was Modoc from California...

. After white settlers massacred Modoc women and children contemporaneously with the Battle of Lost River

Battle of Lost River

The Battle of Lost River in November 1872 was the first battle in the Modoc War in the northwestern United States. The skirmish, which was fought near the Lost River along the California-Oregon border, was the result of an attempt by the U.S. 1st Cavalry Regiment of the United States Army to force...

, Hooker Jim led a group of Modocs overland to Captain Jack's Stronghold

Captain Jack's Stronghold

Captain Jack's Stronghold, named for Modoc chief Captain Jack, is a part of Lava Beds National Monument.The stronghold can be accessed from the Perez turnoff, off Highway 139 between Tulelake and Canby, California....

. During their march, Hooker Jim and his warriors killed several white settlers in revenge.

Captain Jack, the Modoc chief, repeatedly refused to hand Hooker Jim and the other Modocs who had killed the settlers over to white authorities. Hooker Jim then coerced Captain Jack into murdering General Edward Canby

Edward Canby

Edward Richard Sprigg Canby was a career United States Army officer and a Union general in the American Civil War, Reconstruction era, and the Indian Wars...

 at a peace council.

Soon after, as the Army invaded the Lava Beds where Captain Jack had taken refuge, Hooker Jim abandoned Captain Jack and surrendered to the Army. After Captain Jack was finally captured, Hooker Jim testified against his chief in exchange for amnesty.

Hooker Jim followed the tribe in exile to Oklahoma

Oklahoma

Oklahoma is a state located in the South Central region of the United States of America. With an estimated 3,751,351 residents as of the 2010 census and a land area of 68,667 square miles , Oklahoma is the 28th most populous and 20th-largest state...

and died there in 1879.