Hoi District, Aichi
Encyclopedia
is a former rural district
located in eastern Aichi Prefecture
, Japan
.
As of 2008 (the last data available), the district had an estimated population
of 21,766 and a population density
of 2194 persons per km². Its total area was 9.92 km².
, and is mentioned in Nara period
records. Originally covering all of eastern Mikawa, Shitara District to the north was separated from Hoi in 903. The district contained the provincial capital of Mikawa along with the provincial temple
, both of which were located in what is now part of the city of Toyokawa
. During the Sengoku period
, the area was controlled by various samurai
clans, including the Makino
and branches of the Honda
and Matsudaira clan
s, all of whom rose to high positions within the Tokugawa shogunate
. The area was also a battlefield between the forces of the magawa clan] and the Oda
and Tokugawa clan
s during the late Sengoku period. In the cadastral reforms of the early Meiji period
, on July 22, 1878 modern Hoi District was created, with its headquarters at Goyu-shuku
, a former station on the Tōkaidō
. With the organization of municipalities on October 1, 1889, Hoi District was divided into 33 villages.
Gamagōri and Uchikubo villages were elevated to town status on October 6, 1891. They were followed in rapid succession by Shimoji (October 16, 1891), Goyu (January 29, 1892), Toyokawa (March 13, 1893), Akasaka and Kō (June 23, 1894), and Miya (December 10, 1894). In a round of consolidation, the remaining number of villages was reduced from 25 to 11 in 1906. The District office was transferred to the town of Kō in 1923. Katahara was raised to town status on April 1, 1924, Kosakai on September 12, 1926 and Mito on February 11, 1930. On September 1, 1932, Shimoji was annexed by the neighboring city of Toyohashi
. The city of Toyokawa was formed on June 1, 1943 by the merger of the towns of Toyokawa, Ushikubo and Kō and the village of Yawata. Nishiura was raised to town status on February 11, 1944.
On April 1, 1954, the city was Gamagōri
was formed by the merger of Gamagōri and Miya towns and Shiotsu village. In a further round of consolidations in 1955, Otowa Town was formed on April 1, 1955 and the structure of the district became six towns and one village. On April 1, 1959, Goyu was annexed by Toyokawa. The village of Ichinomiya was raised to town status on April 1, 1961. Katahara and Nishiura were annexed by Gamagōri on April 1, 1962 and April 1, 1963 respectively. In a final round of merges
, Ichinomiya was annexed by Toyokawa on February 1, 2006, followed by Otowa and Mita on January 15, 2008. When Kozakai merged in Toyokawa on February 1, 2010, Hoi ceased to exist as an administrative division.
Districts of Japan
The was most recently used as an administrative unit in Japan between 1878 and 1921 and is roughly equivalent to the county of the United States, ranking at the level below prefecture and above city, town or village. As of 2008, cities belong directly to prefectures and are independent from...
located in eastern Aichi Prefecture
Aichi Prefecture
is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūbu region. The region of Aichi is also known as the Tōkai region. The capital is Nagoya. It is the focus of the Chūkyō Metropolitan Area.- History :...
, Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
.
As of 2008 (the last data available), the district had an estimated population
Population
A population is all the organisms that both belong to the same group or species and live in the same geographical area. The area that is used to define a sexual population is such that inter-breeding is possible between any pair within the area and more probable than cross-breeding with individuals...
of 21,766 and a population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...
of 2194 persons per km². Its total area was 9.92 km².
History
Hoi District was one of the ancient districts of Mikawa provinceMikawa Province
is an old province in the area that today forms the eastern half of Aichi Prefecture. It was sometimes called . Mikawa bordered on Owari, Mino, Shinano, and Tōtōmi Provinces....
, and is mentioned in Nara period
Nara period
The of the history of Japan covers the years from AD 710 to 794. Empress Gemmei established the capital of Heijō-kyō . Except for 5 years , when the capital was briefly moved again, it remained the capital of Japanese civilization until Emperor Kammu established a new capital, Nagaoka-kyō, in 784...
records. Originally covering all of eastern Mikawa, Shitara District to the north was separated from Hoi in 903. The district contained the provincial capital of Mikawa along with the provincial temple
Kokubunji
can refer to:* Kokubunji, Tokyo* Kokubunji, Kagawa* Kokubunji, Tochigi* Kokubunji Station, a station in Kokubunji, Tokyo operated by Seibu Railway and JR East* Kokubunji Line, a railway operated by Seibu Railway.* Kokubun-ji, Provincial temples in Japan...
, both of which were located in what is now part of the city of Toyokawa
Toyokawa, Aichi
is a medium-sized city of about 180,000 people located in the eastern part of Aichi Prefecture, Japan. The city, founded on June 1, 1943, originally comprised the three formerly independent Hoi-gun towns of Toyokawa , Ko , Ushikubo , and the village of Yawata...
. During the Sengoku period
Sengoku period
The or Warring States period in Japanese history was a time of social upheaval, political intrigue, and nearly constant military conflict that lasted roughly from the middle of the 15th century to the beginning of the 17th century. The name "Sengoku" was adopted by Japanese historians in reference...
, the area was controlled by various samurai
Samurai
is the term for the military nobility of pre-industrial Japan. According to translator William Scott Wilson: "In Chinese, the character 侍 was originally a verb meaning to wait upon or accompany a person in the upper ranks of society, and this is also true of the original term in Japanese, saburau...
clans, including the Makino
Makino clan
The are a daimyō branch of the samurai Minamoto clan in Edo period Japan.In the Edo period, the Makino were identified as one of the fudai or insider daimyō clans which were hereditary vassals or allies of the Tokugawa clan, in contrast with the tozama or outsider clans.-Makino clan branches:The...
and branches of the Honda
Honda clan
The ' is a Japanese family that claims descent from the medieval court noble Fujiwara no Kanemichi. The family settled in Mikawa and served the Matsudaira clan as retainers. Later, when the main Matsudaira family became the Tokugawa clan, the Honda rose in prestige. The clan includes thirteen...
and Matsudaira clan
Matsudaira clan
The was a Japanese samurai clan that claimed descent from the Minamoto clan. It first originated in and took its name from Matsudaira village, in Mikawa Province . Over the course of its history, the clan produced many branches, most of which also centered around Mikawa Province...
s, all of whom rose to high positions within the Tokugawa shogunate
Tokugawa shogunate
The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the and the , was a feudal regime of Japan established by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family. This period is known as the Edo period and gets its name from the capital city, Edo, which is now called Tokyo, after the name was...
. The area was also a battlefield between the forces of the magawa clan] and the Oda
Oda clan
The was a family of Japanese daimyo who were to become an important political force in the unification of Japan in the mid-16th century. Though they had the climax of their fame under Oda Nobunaga and fell from the spotlight soon after, several branches of the family would continue on as daimyo...
and Tokugawa clan
Tokugawa clan
The was a powerful daimyo family of Japan. They nominally descended from Emperor Seiwa and were a branch of the Minamoto clan by the Nitta clan. However, the early history of this clan remains a mystery.-History:...
s during the late Sengoku period. In the cadastral reforms of the early Meiji period
Meiji period
The , also known as the Meiji era, is a Japanese era which extended from September 1868 through July 1912. This period represents the first half of the Empire of Japan.- Meiji Restoration and the emperor :...
, on July 22, 1878 modern Hoi District was created, with its headquarters at Goyu-shuku
Goyu-shuku
was the thirty-fifth of the fifty-three stations of the Tōkaidō. It is located in Goyu-chō in the city of Toyokawa, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. A pine tree colonnade, one of the few remnants from the Edo period post town, is a well-known tourist spot...
, a former station on the Tōkaidō
Tokaido (road)
The ' was the most important of the Five Routes of the Edo period, connecting Edo to Kyoto in Japan. Unlike the inland and less heavily travelled Nakasendō, the Tōkaidō travelled along the sea coast of eastern Honshū, hence the route's name....
. With the organization of municipalities on October 1, 1889, Hoi District was divided into 33 villages.
Gamagōri and Uchikubo villages were elevated to town status on October 6, 1891. They were followed in rapid succession by Shimoji (October 16, 1891), Goyu (January 29, 1892), Toyokawa (March 13, 1893), Akasaka and Kō (June 23, 1894), and Miya (December 10, 1894). In a round of consolidation, the remaining number of villages was reduced from 25 to 11 in 1906. The District office was transferred to the town of Kō in 1923. Katahara was raised to town status on April 1, 1924, Kosakai on September 12, 1926 and Mito on February 11, 1930. On September 1, 1932, Shimoji was annexed by the neighboring city of Toyohashi
Toyohashi, Aichi
is a city located in Aichi Prefecture, Japan.The city was founded on August 1, 1906. As of January 1, 2010, the city has an estimated population of 383,691 and a density of 1,468.62 persons per km². The total area is . By size, Toyohashi was Aichi Prefecture's second-largest city until March 31,...
. The city of Toyokawa was formed on June 1, 1943 by the merger of the towns of Toyokawa, Ushikubo and Kō and the village of Yawata. Nishiura was raised to town status on February 11, 1944.
On April 1, 1954, the city was Gamagōri
Gamagōri, Aichi
is a city located in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. As of February 2011, the city had an estimated population of 81,767 and the population density of 1,400 persons per km². The total area was 56.81 km².-Geography:...
was formed by the merger of Gamagōri and Miya towns and Shiotsu village. In a further round of consolidations in 1955, Otowa Town was formed on April 1, 1955 and the structure of the district became six towns and one village. On April 1, 1959, Goyu was annexed by Toyokawa. The village of Ichinomiya was raised to town status on April 1, 1961. Katahara and Nishiura were annexed by Gamagōri on April 1, 1962 and April 1, 1963 respectively. In a final round of merges
Merger and dissolution of municipalities of Japan
Municipal mergers and dissolutions carried out in Japan can take place within one municipality or between multiple municipalities and are required to be based upon consensus.- Merger policy:...
, Ichinomiya was annexed by Toyokawa on February 1, 2006, followed by Otowa and Mita on January 15, 2008. When Kozakai merged in Toyokawa on February 1, 2010, Hoi ceased to exist as an administrative division.