Hoe Avenue peace meeting
Encyclopedia
The Hoe Avenue Peace Meeting was an important gathering of New York
gangs on December 7, 1971 in The Bronx
.
It was called to propose a general truce and an unprecedented inter-gang alliance. The impetus for the meeting was the murder of "Black Benjie", a leader of the gang Ghetto Brothers
. The meeting was a success but while no lasting peace was ever established, a subsequent negotiation established a procedure for dealing with conflicts to avoid street "warfare". The meeting is notable for being one of the first attempts by street organizations to broker a truce between groups of different ethnic backgrounds.
, Seven Immortals, Latin Spades, Peacemakers, and the Ghetto Brothers.
The peace meeting was organized by the Ghetto Brothers after one of their members, 25 year-old Cornell "Black Benjie" Benjamin, was killed trying to stop a gang fight. The objective was to draw up a peace treaty in honor of "Black Benjie", who had been the designated peacemaker of the Ghetto Brothers. To guarantee that it would be nonviolent, it was arranged to have a member of the Turbans gang to take position, with a rifle, on a rooftop across the street from the Boys' Club on the day of the meeting.
Inside, the power structure was much in evidence. Presidents, vice-presidents, and warlords sat on folding chairs in a circle in the middle of the club's gymnasium. Gang members took seats in the bleachers, while wives were made to wait outside the building in the cold. Only two females were permitted inside—the presidents of the all-girl gangs, the Alley Cats and the Savage Sisters—and their folding chairs were placed in the last/fourth row, behind those of the warlords. The Peace Meeting and the context both before and after twenty years appear in Flyin' Cut Sleeves; Children of the Street, a documentary film by Rita Fecher and Henry Chalfant.
The idea had just enough vision in it for gang leaders to be interested in its possibilities. Vincenti felt that once unified under a single name, the gangs could do virtually anything, if someone provided them with the right kind of social vision. Even the police admitted to as many as 10,000 gang members in the Bronx alone.
Vincenti signed on 68 gangs to the coalition/treaty before he and 10 other crisis squad members were suddenly transferred from the Bronx and re-assigned to Brooklyn where he was shot in the face trying to prevent a gun battle in the West farms area. Vincenti survived to continue work on the Brotherhood Family in his spare time. Bronx Squad Crisis members believed the shooting was orchestrated in response to Spanish Eddie's attempts to broker a treaty.
of the same name) features a fictionalized representation of the meeting. The source novel was released in 1965, so it is impossible that the meeting was inspiration for the novel (as it happened six years after the book's release). However, it is possible that the Hoe Avenue peace meeting simply generated interest in creating a film based on the novel The Warriors.
New York City
New York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and...
gangs on December 7, 1971 in The Bronx
The Bronx
The Bronx is the northernmost of the five boroughs of New York City. It is also known as Bronx County, the last of the 62 counties of New York State to be incorporated...
.
It was called to propose a general truce and an unprecedented inter-gang alliance. The impetus for the meeting was the murder of "Black Benjie", a leader of the gang Ghetto Brothers
Ghetto Brothers
The Ghetto Brothers were a gang and music group founded in New York City's South Bronx in the late 1960s. The gang eventually spread to much of the Northeastern United States...
. The meeting was a success but while no lasting peace was ever established, a subsequent negotiation established a procedure for dealing with conflicts to avoid street "warfare". The meeting is notable for being one of the first attempts by street organizations to broker a truce between groups of different ethnic backgrounds.
History
The meeting was held at the Boys Club on Hoe Ave with dozens of street organizations and many city officials and police present. Present at the Hoe Avenue peace meeting included the Black Pearls, Savage Skulls, Turbans, Young Sinners, Royal Javelins, Dutchmen, Magnificent Seven, Dirty Dozens, Liberated Panthers, Black SpadesBlack Spades
The Black Spades were a violent African American street gang in New York City during the 1970s.-History:The gang originated in 1968 in the Bronxdale Houses in the Soundview section of the Bronx as the Savage Seven and began terrorizing the neighborhood. As the gang grew, they became the Black Spades...
, Seven Immortals, Latin Spades, Peacemakers, and the Ghetto Brothers.
The peace meeting was organized by the Ghetto Brothers after one of their members, 25 year-old Cornell "Black Benjie" Benjamin, was killed trying to stop a gang fight. The objective was to draw up a peace treaty in honor of "Black Benjie", who had been the designated peacemaker of the Ghetto Brothers. To guarantee that it would be nonviolent, it was arranged to have a member of the Turbans gang to take position, with a rifle, on a rooftop across the street from the Boys' Club on the day of the meeting.
Inside, the power structure was much in evidence. Presidents, vice-presidents, and warlords sat on folding chairs in a circle in the middle of the club's gymnasium. Gang members took seats in the bleachers, while wives were made to wait outside the building in the cold. Only two females were permitted inside—the presidents of the all-girl gangs, the Alley Cats and the Savage Sisters—and their folding chairs were placed in the last/fourth row, behind those of the warlords. The Peace Meeting and the context both before and after twenty years appear in Flyin' Cut Sleeves; Children of the Street, a documentary film by Rita Fecher and Henry Chalfant.
Spanish Eddie
One of the Youth Services Agency's Bronx gang crisis squad, Eduardo Vincenti, 27, "Spanish Eddie" (a veteran of the 1950s Bronx street gangs), began working on the grandiose notion of getting every major gang in the Bronx to sign an intergang treaty and alliance. This giant alliance would be called "The Family", and every gang would become a division in the larger gang.The idea had just enough vision in it for gang leaders to be interested in its possibilities. Vincenti felt that once unified under a single name, the gangs could do virtually anything, if someone provided them with the right kind of social vision. Even the police admitted to as many as 10,000 gang members in the Bronx alone.
Vincenti signed on 68 gangs to the coalition/treaty before he and 10 other crisis squad members were suddenly transferred from the Bronx and re-assigned to Brooklyn where he was shot in the face trying to prevent a gun battle in the West farms area. Vincenti survived to continue work on the Brotherhood Family in his spare time. Bronx Squad Crisis members believed the shooting was orchestrated in response to Spanish Eddie's attempts to broker a treaty.
Cultural impact
The 1979 Walter Hill film The Warriors (based on a novelThe Warriors (novel)
The Warriors is a novel written by Sol Yurick in 1965. It became the inspiration for the cult classic movie The Warriors. Compared to the movie, the novel takes a closer look at the concepts of sexuality, reputation, family, and survival...
of the same name) features a fictionalized representation of the meeting. The source novel was released in 1965, so it is impossible that the meeting was inspiration for the novel (as it happened six years after the book's release). However, it is possible that the Hoe Avenue peace meeting simply generated interest in creating a film based on the novel The Warriors.
See also
- The Warriors (novel)The Warriors (novel)The Warriors is a novel written by Sol Yurick in 1965. It became the inspiration for the cult classic movie The Warriors. Compared to the movie, the novel takes a closer look at the concepts of sexuality, reputation, family, and survival...
- The Warriors (film)
- The Warriors (video game)The Warriors (video game)The Warriors is a beat 'em up video game published by Rockstar Games. It was released on October 17, 2005 for PlayStation 2 and Xbox, and February 12, 2007 for PlayStation Portable. The game is based on the 1979 film, The Warriors...
- Watts TruceWatts TruceThe Watts Truce was a peace agreement among rival street gangs in Los Angeles. Although not universally adhered to, the truce was a major component of the decline of street violence in the city during the 1990s....