Henry Garrett
Encyclopedia
Henry Edward Garrett was an American psychologist
and segregationist. Garrett was President of the American Psychological Association
in 1946 and Chair of Psychology at Columbia University
from 1941 to 1955. After he left Columbia, he taught at the University of Virginia
, where his racial ideas were supported by the dominant state political leadership represented by Senator Harry F. Byrd
, who promoted Massive Resistance
to school integration.
A.S. Winston chronicles Garrett's involvement in the International Association for the Advancement of Ethnology and Eugenics
(IAAEE), the journal Mankind Quarterly
, the neofascist Northern League
, and the ultra-right wing political group, the Liberty Lobby
.
In the 1950s Garrett helped organize an international group of scholars dedicated to preventing race mixing, preserving segregation, and promoting the principles of early 20th century eugenics
and "race hygiene." Garrett was a strong opponent of the 1954 United States Supreme Court's desegregation decision in Brown v. Board of Education
, which he predicted would lead to "total demoralization and then disorganization in that order."
He is credited with coining the term equalitarian dogma in 1961 to describe the by then mainstream view that there were no race differences in intelligence, or if there were, they were purely the result of environmental factors. He accused the Jews of spreading the dogma, and wrote that most Jewish organizations "belligerently support the equalitarian dogma which they accept as having been 'scientifically' proven" (Garrett, 1961).http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0341/is_n1_v54/ai_21107572/pg_5/
He wrote in the White Citizens' Council
monthly journal The Citizen, "Despite glamorized accounts to the contrary, the history of Black Africa over the past 5,000 years is largely a blank," and, "The crime record of the Negro in the United States is little short of scandalous" (Garrett 1968).
Garrett served as a Director of the Pioneer Fund
in 1972–1973.
Psychologist
Psychologist is a professional or academic title used by individuals who are either:* Clinical professionals who work with patients in a variety of therapeutic contexts .* Scientists conducting psychological research or teaching psychology in a college...
and segregationist. Garrett was President of the American Psychological Association
American Psychological Association
The American Psychological Association is the largest scientific and professional organization of psychologists in the United States. It is the world's largest association of psychologists with around 154,000 members including scientists, educators, clinicians, consultants and students. The APA...
in 1946 and Chair of Psychology at Columbia University
Columbia University
Columbia University in the City of New York is a private, Ivy League university in Manhattan, New York City. Columbia is the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of New York, the fifth oldest in the United States, and one of the country's nine Colonial Colleges founded before the...
from 1941 to 1955. After he left Columbia, he taught at the University of Virginia
University of Virginia
The University of Virginia is a public research university located in Charlottesville, Virginia, United States, founded by Thomas Jefferson...
, where his racial ideas were supported by the dominant state political leadership represented by Senator Harry F. Byrd
Harry F. Byrd
Harry Flood Byrd, Sr. of Berryville in Clarke County, Virginia, was an American newspaper publisher, farmer and politician. He was a descendant of one of the First Families of Virginia...
, who promoted Massive Resistance
Massive resistance
Massive resistance was a policy declared by U.S. Senator Harry F. Byrd, Sr. on February 24, 1956, to unite other white politicians and leaders in Virginia in a campaign of new state laws and policies to prevent public school desegregation after the Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court decision...
to school integration.
A.S. Winston chronicles Garrett's involvement in the International Association for the Advancement of Ethnology and Eugenics
International Association for the Advancement of Ethnology and Eugenics
The International Association for the Advancement of Ethnology and Eugenics was a prominent group in the promotion of eugenics and segregation, and the first publisher of Mankind Quarterly.-History:...
(IAAEE), the journal Mankind Quarterly
Mankind Quarterly
The Mankind Quarterly is a peer-reviewed academic journal dedicated to physical and cultural anthropology and is currently published by the Council for Social and Economic Studies in Washington, D.C. It contains articles on human evolution, intelligence, ethnography, linguistics, mythology,...
, the neofascist Northern League
Northern League (neo-Nazi)
The Northern League was a neo-Nazi organization most active in Britain in the latter half of the 20th century.Roger Pearson formed the Northern League in collaboration with Peter Huxley-Blythe, who was active in a variety of neo-Nazi groups with connections in Germany and North America The Northern...
, and the ultra-right wing political group, the Liberty Lobby
Liberty Lobby
Liberty Lobby was an American political advocacy organization founded in 1958 that went bankrupt in 2001. It was founded by Willis Carto. In their own words,-Antisemitic world-view:...
.
In the 1950s Garrett helped organize an international group of scholars dedicated to preventing race mixing, preserving segregation, and promoting the principles of early 20th century eugenics
Eugenics
Eugenics is the "applied science or the bio-social movement which advocates the use of practices aimed at improving the genetic composition of a population", usually referring to human populations. The origins of the concept of eugenics began with certain interpretations of Mendelian inheritance,...
and "race hygiene." Garrett was a strong opponent of the 1954 United States Supreme Court's desegregation decision in Brown v. Board of Education
Brown v. Board of Education
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 , was a landmark decision of the United States Supreme Court that declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students unconstitutional. The decision overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson decision of 1896 which...
, which he predicted would lead to "total demoralization and then disorganization in that order."
He is credited with coining the term equalitarian dogma in 1961 to describe the by then mainstream view that there were no race differences in intelligence, or if there were, they were purely the result of environmental factors. He accused the Jews of spreading the dogma, and wrote that most Jewish organizations "belligerently support the equalitarian dogma which they accept as having been 'scientifically' proven" (Garrett, 1961).http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0341/is_n1_v54/ai_21107572/pg_5/
He wrote in the White Citizens' Council
White Citizens' Council
The White Citizens' Council was an American white supremacist organization formed on July 11, 1954. After 1956, it was known as the Citizens' Councils of America...
monthly journal The Citizen, "Despite glamorized accounts to the contrary, the history of Black Africa over the past 5,000 years is largely a blank," and, "The crime record of the Negro in the United States is little short of scandalous" (Garrett 1968).
Garrett served as a Director of the Pioneer Fund
Pioneer Fund
The Pioneer Fund is an American non-profit foundation established in 1937 "to advance the scientific study of heredity and human differences." Currently headed by psychology professor J. Philippe Rushton, the fund states that it focuses on projects it perceives will not be easily funded due to...
in 1972–1973.