Harsiotef
Encyclopedia
Harsiotef was a Kushite King of Meroe
(about 404
- 369 BC).
Harsiotef took on a full set of titles based on those of the Egyptian Pharaohs.
Horus name: Kanakht Khaemnepet ("Mighty Bull appears in Napata")
Nebty Name: Nednetjeru ("Who seeks the council of Gods")
Golden Horus Name: Uftikhesutnebut ("Subduer given all the Desert Lands")
Prenomen: Sameryamun ("Beloved son of Amun")
Nomen: Harsiotef ("Horus Son of his Father")
Harsiotef was the son of Queen Atasamale and likely of King Amanineteyerike
. He had a wife named Queen Batahaliye and may have had another wife named Queen Pelkha. If Queen Pelkha was his wife, he would also be the father of King Nastasen
. It is possible that King Akhraten
was also a son of Harsiotef, and Queen Sakhmakh, the wife of Nastasen, may be his daughter.
He left an inscription dated to his thirty-third regnal year
, listing the battles from his successful campaign east of his kingdom against a town called Habasa, whose inhabitants were called Matit. As a result of his victory, the Matit agreed to pay tribute to him.
The name of this place may be the earliest recorded use of the word Habesha, the etymological basis for English "Abyssinia
," the only earlier text which may refer to the term is the mention of a people of Punt
living in incense-producing regions called ḫbstjw during Queen Hatshepsut
's time.
Harsiotef was buried in a pyramid at Nuri
(Nu. 13).
Meroë
Meroë Meroitic: Medewi or Bedewi; Arabic: and Meruwi) is an ancient city on the east bank of the Nile about 6 km north-east of the Kabushiya station near Shendi, Sudan, approximately 200 km north-east of Khartoum. Near the site are a group of villages called Bagrawiyah...
(about 404
400s BC
-Deaths:* Theramenes* Alcibiades, Athenian politician * Darius II, emperor of Persia...
- 369 BC).
Harsiotef took on a full set of titles based on those of the Egyptian Pharaohs.
Horus name: Kanakht Khaemnepet ("Mighty Bull appears in Napata")
Nebty Name: Nednetjeru ("Who seeks the council of Gods")
Golden Horus Name: Uftikhesutnebut ("Subduer given all the Desert Lands")
Prenomen: Sameryamun ("Beloved son of Amun")
Nomen: Harsiotef ("Horus Son of his Father")
Harsiotef was the son of Queen Atasamale and likely of King Amanineteyerike
Amanineteyerike
Amanineteyerike was a Kushite King of Meroe. His reign is dated to the end of the 5th century BCE.Amanineteyerike took on a full set of titles based on those of the Egyptian Pharaohs....
. He had a wife named Queen Batahaliye and may have had another wife named Queen Pelkha. If Queen Pelkha was his wife, he would also be the father of King Nastasen
Nastasen
Nastasen was a king of the North African Nubian civilisation of Kush . According to a stela from Dongola his mother was named Queen Pelkha and his father may have been King Harsiotef. His successor was Aryamani.-Monuments:...
. It is possible that King Akhraten
Akhraten
Akhraten was a King of Kush .Akhraten took on at least some titles based on those used by the Egyptian Pharaohs....
was also a son of Harsiotef, and Queen Sakhmakh, the wife of Nastasen, may be his daughter.
He left an inscription dated to his thirty-third regnal year
Regnal year
A regnal year is a year of the reign of a sovereign, from the Latin regnum meaning kingdom, rule.The oldest dating systems were in regnal years, and considered the date as an ordinal, not a cardinal number. For example, a monarch could have a first year of rule, a second year of rule, a third, and...
, listing the battles from his successful campaign east of his kingdom against a town called Habasa, whose inhabitants were called Matit. As a result of his victory, the Matit agreed to pay tribute to him.
The name of this place may be the earliest recorded use of the word Habesha, the etymological basis for English "Abyssinia
Ethiopian Empire
The Ethiopian Empire also known as Abyssinia, covered a geographical area that the present-day northern half of Ethiopia and Eritrea covers, and included in its peripheries Zeila, Djibouti, Yemen and Western Saudi Arabia...
," the only earlier text which may refer to the term is the mention of a people of Punt
Land of Punt
The Land of Punt, also called Pwenet, or Pwene by the ancient Egyptians, was a trading partner known for producing and exporting gold, aromatic resins, African blackwood, ebony, ivory, slaves and wild animals...
living in incense-producing regions called ḫbstjw during Queen Hatshepsut
Hatshepsut
Hatshepsut also Hatchepsut; meaning Foremost of Noble Ladies;1508–1458 BC) was the fifth pharaoh of the eighteenth dynasty of Ancient Egypt...
's time.
Harsiotef was buried in a pyramid at Nuri
Nuri
Nuri is a place in modern Sudan on the south side of the Nile. Close to it, there are pyramids belonging to Nubian kings. Nuri is situated about 15 km north of Sanam, and 10 km from Jebel Barkal. All these remains belonged to the ancient city Napata, the first capital of the Nubian kingdom of...
(Nu. 13).