Happiness
Overview
 
Happiness is a mental state of well-being characterized by positive emotions ranging from contentment
Contentment
"Contentment" seems realistically defined as "enjoyment of whatever may be desired". That definition is realistic because the more contented an individual or community becomes the less extreme so more acceptable their desires will be...

 to intense joy. A variety of biological
Biology
Biology is a natural science concerned with the study of life and living organisms, including their structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy. Biology is a vast subject containing many subdivisions, topics, and disciplines...

, psychological
Psychology
Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior. Its immediate goal is to understand individuals and groups by both establishing general principles and researching specific cases. For many, the ultimate goal of psychology is to benefit society...

, religious
Religion
Religion is a collection of cultural systems, belief systems, and worldviews that establishes symbols that relate humanity to spirituality and, sometimes, to moral values. Many religions have narratives, symbols, traditions and sacred histories that are intended to give meaning to life or to...

, and philosophical
Philosophy
Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. Philosophy is distinguished from other ways of addressing such problems by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational...

 approaches have striven to define happiness and identify its sources.

Various research groups, including Positive psychology
Positive psychology
Positive psychology is a recent branch of psychology whose purpose was summed up in 1998 by Martin Seligman and Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi: "We believe that a psychology of positive human functioning will arise, which achieves a scientific understanding and effective interventions to build thriving in...

, endeavor to apply the scientific method
Scientific method
Scientific method refers to a body of techniques for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, or correcting and integrating previous knowledge. To be termed scientific, a method of inquiry must be based on gathering empirical and measurable evidence subject to specific principles of...

 to answer questions about what "happiness" is, and how we might attain it.

Philosophers and religious thinkers often define happiness in terms of living a good life
The good life
The good life is a term for the life that one would like to live, or for happiness, associated with the work of Aristotle and his teaching on ethics.-Religious approaches:...

, or flourishing, rather than simply as an emotion.
Quotations

We hold these truths to be sacred and undeniable; that all men are created equal and independent, that from that equal creation they derive rights inherent and inalienable, among which are the preservation of life, and liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

Thomas Jefferson early draft for the Declaration_of_Independence_%28United_States%29|Declaration of Independence (June 1776)

The care of human life and happiness, and not their destruction, is the first and only legitimate object of good government.

Thomas Jefferson Letter "to the Republican Citizens of Washington County, Maryland" (31 March 1809)

Happiness depends, as Nature shows, Less on exterior things than most suppose."

William Cowper in Table Talk (1817) line 246

Happiness in this world, when it comes, comes incidentally. Make it the object of pursuit, and it leads us a wild-goose chase, and is never attained. Follow some other object, and very possibly we may find that we have caught happiness without dreaming of it.

Nathaniel Hawthorne in The American Notebooks (1851)

Happiness is not an island, but a hill.

George Catlin

I shall take the heart... for brains do not make one happy, and happiness is the best thing in the world.

The Tinman in The Wonderful Wizard of Oz|The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900) by L. Frank Baum

In all this world there is nothing so beautiful as a happy child.

Santa Claus in The Life and Adventures of Santa Claus (1902) by L. Frank Baum

The nicest Thing about being Happy is that You think You'll never be Unhappy Again

Luis Molina in Kiss of The Spider Woman

 
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