Hans Bethe Prize
Encyclopedia
The Hans A. Bethe Prize, is presented annually by the American Physical Society
.
The prize honors outstanding work in theory, experiment or observation in the areas of astrophysics
, nuclear physics
, nuclear astrophysics, or closely related fields. The prize consists of $10,000 and a certificate citing the contributions made by the recipient.
Hans Bethe prize is endowed by contributions from the Division of Astrophysics, the Division of Nuclear Physics and friends of the Nobel laureate Hans A. Bethe to honor him for his outstanding and numerous accomplishments in both astrophysics
and nuclear physics
.
The prize has been awarded annually since 1998.
American Physical Society
The American Physical Society is the world's second largest organization of physicists, behind the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft. The Society publishes more than a dozen scientific journals, including the world renowned Physical Review and Physical Review Letters, and organizes more than 20...
.
The prize honors outstanding work in theory, experiment or observation in the areas of astrophysics
Astrophysics
Astrophysics is the branch of astronomy that deals with the physics of the universe, including the physical properties of celestial objects, as well as their interactions and behavior...
, nuclear physics
Nuclear physics
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies the building blocks and interactions of atomic nuclei. The most commonly known applications of nuclear physics are nuclear power generation and nuclear weapons technology, but the research has provided application in many fields, including those...
, nuclear astrophysics, or closely related fields. The prize consists of $10,000 and a certificate citing the contributions made by the recipient.
Hans Bethe prize is endowed by contributions from the Division of Astrophysics, the Division of Nuclear Physics and friends of the Nobel laureate Hans A. Bethe to honor him for his outstanding and numerous accomplishments in both astrophysics
Astrophysics
Astrophysics is the branch of astronomy that deals with the physics of the universe, including the physical properties of celestial objects, as well as their interactions and behavior...
and nuclear physics
Nuclear physics
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies the building blocks and interactions of atomic nuclei. The most commonly known applications of nuclear physics are nuclear power generation and nuclear weapons technology, but the research has provided application in many fields, including those...
.
The prize has been awarded annually since 1998.
Prize recipients
- 2010 Claus Rolfs: "For seminal contributions to the experimental determination of nuclear cross-sections in stars, including the first direct measurement of the key 3HeHelium-3Helium-3 is a light, non-radioactive isotope of helium with two protons and one neutron. It is rare on Earth, and is sought for use in nuclear fusion research...
fusion reactionNuclear fusionNuclear fusion is the process by which two or more atomic nuclei join together, or "fuse", to form a single heavier nucleus. This is usually accompanied by the release or absorption of large quantities of energy...
at solar conditions" - 2009 David Arnett: "For his outstanding and fundamental work on how nuclear reactions shape multi-dimensional and partly out-of-equilibrium evolution of stars and supernova explosions and their yields of new isotopes."
- 2008 Friedrich K. ThielemannFriedrich-Karl ThielemannFriedrich-Karl "Friedel“ Thielemann is a German-Swiss theoretical astrophysicist.Thielemann studied at the TH Darmstadt, where he in 1976 he acquired his Diplom. In 1980 he earned his PhD under Wolfgang Hillebrandt and E. R. Hilf in nuclear astrophysics...
: "For his many outstanding theoretical contributions to the understanding of nucleosynthesisNucleosynthesisNucleosynthesis is the process of creating new atomic nuclei from pre-existing nucleons . It is thought that the primordial nucleons themselves were formed from the quark–gluon plasma from the Big Bang as it cooled below two trillion degrees...
, stellar evolutionStellar evolutionStellar evolution is the process by which a star undergoes a sequence of radical changes during its lifetime. Depending on the mass of the star, this lifetime ranges from only a few million years to trillions of years .Stellar evolution is not studied by observing the life of a single...
and stellar explosions through applications to individual objects and to cosmic chemical evolution." - 2007 James R. Wilson: "For his work in nuclear astrophysics and numerical work on supernovae core collapse, neutrino transport, and shock propagation. His codes reenergized supernovae shocks, launched numerical relativity and magnetically driven jets."
- 2006 Alastair G.W. Cameron: "For his pioneering work in developing the fundamental concepts of nuclear astrophysicsNuclear astrophysicsNuclear astrophysics is an interdisciplinary branch of physics involving close collaboration among researchers in various subfields of nuclear physics and astrophysics, with significant emphasis in areas such as stellar modeling, measurement and theoretical estimation of nuclear reaction rates,...
. These basic ideas, laid out almost 50 years ago, are still the basis of current research in this field." - 2005 Stan WoosleyStanford E. WoosleyStanford Earl Woosley is a physicist, and Professor of Astronomy and Astrophysics. He is the director of the Center for Supernova Research at UCSC. He has published over 300 papers.-Research Interest:...
: "For his significant and wide ranging contributions in the areas of stellar evolutionStellar evolutionStellar evolution is the process by which a star undergoes a sequence of radical changes during its lifetime. Depending on the mass of the star, this lifetime ranges from only a few million years to trillions of years .Stellar evolution is not studied by observing the life of a single...
, element synthesis, the theory of core collapse and type Ia supernovae, and the interpretation of gamma-ray bursts - most notably, the collapsar model of gamma-ray bursts." - 2004 Wick HaxtonWick HaxtonWick C. Haxton is an American theoretical nuclear physicist and astrophysicist.Haxton grew up in Santa Cruz, studied from 1967 at the local University of California and received his doctorate in 1976 at Stanford University...
: ""For his noteworthy contributions and scientific leadership in the field of neutrino astrophysics, in particular for his success in merging nuclear theory with experiments and observations in nuclear physics and astrophysics."" - 2003 Michael C.F. Wiescher: "For his contributions to the experimental foundation of nuclear astrophysics, especially the delineation of the processes involved in explosive hydrogen burning in novae and x-ray burstersX-ray bursterX-ray bursters are one class of X-ray binary stars exhibiting periodic and rapid increases in luminosity peaked in the X-ray regime of the electromagnetic spectrum...
; and for providing an intellectual bridge between experimental nuclear astrophysicists and their theoretical col-leagues." - 2002 Gordon BaymGordon BaymGordon Alan Baym is an American theoretical physicist.Born in New York City, he graduated from the Brooklyn Technical High School, and received his undergraduate degree from Cornell University in 1956. He earned his Ph.D...
: "For his superb synthesis of fundamental concepts which have provided an understanding of matter at extreme conditions, ranging from crusts and interiors of neutron stars to matter at ultrahigh temperature." - 2001 Gerald E. BrownGerald E. BrownGerald Edward "Gerry" Brown is an American theoretical physicist who works on nuclear physics and astrophysics. Since 1968 he has been a professor at the State University of New York at Stony Brook. He is currently a distinguished professor emeritus of the C. N...
: "For his insightful analyses of the effects of various nuclear constituents on nucleon interactions and nucleon structure, and his contributions to new viewpoints on supernovae, neutron stars, and black hole formation." - 2000 Igal TalmiIgal TalmiIgal Talmi is a distinguished Israeli nuclear physicist.-Biography:Igal Talmi was born in 1925 in Kiev, Ukraine, then part of the Soviet Union. His family immigrated to Mandate Palestine later that year and settled in Kfar Yehezkel...
: "or pioneering work on the shell model of the nucleus that laid the foundation of much of what we know about nuclear structureNuclear structureUnderstanding the structure of the atomic nucleus is one of the central challenges in nuclear physics. This article is written from a nuclear physics perspective; as such, it is suggested that a casual reader first read the main nuclear physics article....
." - 1999 Edwin Ernest SalpeterEdwin Ernest SalpeterEdwin Ernest Salpeter FRS was an Austrian-Australian-American astrophysicist. Born to a Jewish family, he emigrated from Austria to Australia while in his teens to escape the Nazis. He attended Sydney University, where he obtained his bachelor's degree in 1944 and his master's degree in 1945...
: "For wide-ranging contributions to nuclear and atomic physicsAtomic physicsAtomic physics is the field of physics that studies atoms as an isolated system of electrons and an atomic nucleus. It is primarily concerned with the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus and...
and astrophysics, including the triple-alpha reaction, electron screening of nuclear reactions, charged-current emission of neutrinos, and the form of the stellar initial mass function." - 1998 John Norris Bahcall: "For his fundamental work on all theoretical aspects of the solar neutrinoSolar neutrinoElectron neutrinos are produced in the Sun as a product of nuclear fusion. By far the largest fraction of neutrinos passing through the Earth are Solar neutrinos....
problem and his important contributions to other areas of nuclear astrophysics."
External links
- Hans A. Bethe Prize (official site)
- Biography and Bibliographic Resources, from the Office of Scientific and Technical InformationOffice of Scientific and Technical InformationThe Office of Scientific and Technical Information is a component of the Office of Science within the U.S. Department of Energy...
, United States Department of EnergyUnited States Department of EnergyThe United States Department of Energy is a Cabinet-level department of the United States government concerned with the United States' policies regarding energy and safety in handling nuclear material... - Hans Bethe And His Physics
- American Physical Society web page