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Haemulidae
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Definition
Encyclopedia
The grunts are a family
Family (biology)
In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...

, Haemulidae, of fishes in the order
Order (biology)
In scientific classification used in biology, the order is# a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, family, genus, and species, with order fitting in between class and family...

 Perciformes
Perciformes
The Perciformes, also called the Percomorphi or Acanthopteri, is one of the largest orders of vertebrates, containing about 40% of all bony fish. Perciformes means perch-like. They belong to the class of ray-finned fish and comprise over 7,000 species found in almost all aquatic environments...

. They are numerous and widespread, with about 150 species in 19 genera, found in tropical fresh, brackish and salt waters around the world. They are bottom-feeding predators, and named for their ability to produce sound by grinding their teeth.

Genera

  • Anisotremus Gill, 1861
  • Boridia Cuvier in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1830
  • Brachydeuterus Gill, 1862
  • Conodon Cuvier in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1830
  • Diagramma Oken, 1817
  • Genyatremus Gill, 1862
  • Haemulon Cuvier, 1829
  • Haemulopsis Steindachner, 1869
  • Hapalogenys
    Hapalogenys
    Hapalogenys or Barbeled grunters are the only genus of fish in the family Hapalogenyidae. The species of this genus are found in depths between 30 and 230 m in coastal areas and river mouths from the shores of Southern Japan to the Bay of Bengal and Northwestern Australia.Recent studies have shown...

     Richardson, 1844
  • Isacia Jordan and Fesler, 1893
  • Microlepidotus Gill, 1862
  • Orthopristis Girard, 1858
  • Parakuhlia Pellegrin, 1913
  • Parapristipoma Bleeker, 1873
  • Plectorhinchus
    Plectorhinchus
    The sweetlips, Plectorhinchus, are a genus in the family Haemulidae, with 35 species found in fresh, brackish and salt waters. These fish have big fleshy lips and tend to live on coral reefs in the Indo-Pacific in small groups or pairs...

     Lacepède, 1801
  • Pomadasys Lacepède, 1802
  • Xenichthys Gill, 1863
  • Xenistius Jordan and Gilbert, 1883
  • Xenocys Jordan and Bollman, 1890


Species









Genus
Anisotremus

(Gill, 1861)



  • A.
    scapularis

    (Tschudi, 1846)

    - Ecuador, Chile



  • Burrito
    grunt

    A. interruptus

    (Gill, 1862)

    - USA, Peru, Galapagos Islands




  • Brownstriped grunt

    A. moricandi

    (Ranzani,
    1842)

    - Brazil



  • Black
    margate

    A. surinamensis

    (Bloch, 1791)

    - USA, Bahamas, Mexico, Caribbean, Brazil



  • Carruco
    sargo

    A. pacifici

    (Günther, 1864)

    - Mexico, Peru



  • Panama
    porkfish

    A. taeniatus

    (Gill, 1861)

    - Mexico, Peru



  • Porkfish

    A. virginicus

    (Linnaeus, 1758)

    - Bermuda, USA, Brazil, Mexico, Caribbean



  • Silvergrey
    grunt

    A. caesius

    (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)


    - Mexico, Peru



  • Spotted
    head sargo

    A. dovii

    (Günther, 1864)


    - USA, Peru



  • Xantic
    sargo

    A. davidsonii

    (Steindachner, 1876)


    -
    USA, Mexico




Genus
Boridia

(Cuvier in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1830)


  • Bourriqueta
    porgy

    B. grossidens

    (Cuvier, 1830)

    Southwest Atlantic




Genus
Brachydeuterus

(Gill, 1862)



  • Bigeye
    grunt

    B. auritus

    (Valenciennes, 1832)

    Morocco, Angola




Genus
Conodon

(Cuvier in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1830)


  • Armed
    grunt

    C. serrifer

    (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)

    USA, Peru



  • Barred
    grunt

    C. nobilis

    (Linnaeus, 1758)

    - USA, Jamaica, Brazil, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Lesser
    Antilles, Central and South America



  • Lemoneye
    grunt

    C. macrops

    (Hildebrand, 1946)

    - Colombia, Peru




Genus
Diagramma

(Oken, 1817)


  • Blackfin
    slatey

    D. melanacrum

    (Johnson & Randall, 2001)


    - Indonesia, Borneo, Philippines



  • D.
    labiosum

    (Macleay, 1883)

    - Red Sea, East Africa, western Pacific



  • Painted
    sweetlips

    D. pictum

    (Thunberg, 1792)

    - Red Sea, East Africa, Japan, New Caledonia



  • D.
    punctatum

    (Cuvier, 1830)

    - Japan, ID, New Guinea, New Caledonia.




Genus
Genyatremus

(Gill, 1862)


  • Torroto
    grunt

    G. luteus

    (Bloch, 1790)

    - Colombia, Brazil




Genus
Haemulon

(Cuvier, 1829)


  • Black
    grunt

    H. bonariense

    (Cuvier, 1830)

    - Greater Antilles, Brazil



  • Bluestriped
    grunt

    H. sciurus

    (Shaw, 1803)

    - Florida, USA, Brazil, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean



  • Bronzestripe
    grunt

    H. boschmae

    (Metzelaar, 1919)

    - Colombia, French Guiana



  • Caesar
    grunt

    H. carbonarium

    (Poey, 1860)

    - USA, Bahamas, Yucatan, Mexico, Brazil, Caribbean



  • Chere-chere
    grunt

    H. steindachneri

    (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)


    - Panama, Brazil, Mexico, Peru



  • Cottonwick
    grunt

    H. melanurum

    (Linnaeus, 1758)

    - Bermuda, USA, Bahamas, Brazil



  • French
    grunt

    H. flavolineatum

    (Desmarest, 1823)

    - Bermuda, USA, of Mexico, Brazil, W. Indies,
    Central America



  • Grey
    grunt

    H. scudderii

    (Gill, 1862)

    - Mexico, Ecuador, Galapagos Islands



  • Greybar
    grunt

    H. sexfasciatum

    (Gill, 1862)

    - USA, Panama



  • Grunt

    H. plumierii

    (Lacepède, 1801)

    - USA, Mexico, Caribbean, Brazil, Antilles



  • H.
    schrankii

    (Agassiz, 1831)

    - Brazil



  • H.
    serrula

    (Cuvier, 1830)

    - Martinique Island



  • H.
    squamipinna

    (Rocha & Rosa, 1999)

    - Brazil



  • Sailor's
    grunt

    H. parra

    (Desmarest, 1823)

    - Bahamas, USA, Gulf of Mexico, Brazil



  • Smallmouth
    grunt

    H. chrysargyreum

    (Günther, 1859)

    - USA, Bahamas, Yucatan, Mexico, Brazil



  • Spanish
    grunt

    H. macrostomum

    (Günther, 1859)

    - USA, Antilles, Brazil



  • Spottail
    grunt

    H. maculicauda

    (Gill, 1862)

    - USA, Mexico, Colombia



  • Striped
    grunt

    H. striatum

    (Linnaeus, 1758)

    - Bermuda, USA, Bahamas, Gulf of Mexico, Brazil,
    Caribbean, Antilles



  • Tomtate
    grunt

    H. aurolineatum

    (Cuvier, 1830)

    - USA, Bermuda, Gulf of Mexico, Brazil



  • White
    margate

    H. album

    (Cuvier, 1830)

    - USA, Bermuda, Bahamas, Brazil, W. Indies



  • Yellowspotted
    grunt

    H. flaviguttatum

    (Gill, 1862)

    - Mexico, Ecuador




Genus
Haemulopsis

(Steindachner, 1869)


  • Elongate
    grunt

    H. elongatus

    (Steindachner, 1879)

    - Mexico, Panama



  • Shining
    grunt

    H. nitidus

    (Steindachner, 1869)

    - Gulf of California, Peru



  • White
    grunt

    H. leuciscus

    (Günther, 1864)

    - Gulf of California to Peru



  • Yellowstripe
    grunt


    H. axillaris

    (Steindachner, 1869)

    - Mexico to Ecuador




Genus
Isacia

(Jordan and Fesler, 1893)


  • Cabinza
    grunt

    I. conceptionis

    (Cuvier, 1830)

    - Peru, Chile, Nicaragua




Genus
Microlepidotus

(Gill, 1862)


  • Humpback
    grunt

    M. brevipinnis

    (Steindachner, 1869)

    - USA, Panama



  • Wavyline
    grunt

    M. inornatus

    (Gill, 1862)

    - Mexico, USA




Genus
Orthopristis

(Girard, 1858)


  • Sheephead
    grunt

    O. cantharinus

    (Jenyns, 1840)

    - Mexico, Ecuador, Galapagos Islands



  • Brassy
    grunt

    O. chalceus

    (Günther, 1864)

    - Mexico, Panama, Galapagos Islands



  • Pigfish



    O. chrysoptera

    (Linnaeus, 1766)

    - USA, Bermuda, Mexico



  • O.
    forbesi

    (Jordan & Starks, 1897)

    - Galapagos Islands



  • Scalyfin
    grunt

    O. lethopristis

    (Jordan & Fesler, 1889)

    - Galapagos Islands



  • Corocoro
    cubano

    O. poeyi

    (Scudder, 1868)

    - Cuba



  • Bronze-striped
    grunt

    O. reddingi

    (Jordan & Richardson, 1895)

    - Gulf of California



  • Corocoro
    grunt

    O. ruber

    (Cuvier, 1830)

    - Honduras, Brazil




Genus
Parakuhlia

(Pellegrin, 1913)


  • Dara

    P. macrophthalmus

    (Osório, 1893)

    - Senegal, Angola




Genus
Parapristipoma

(Bleeker, 1873)


  • Guinean
    grunt

    P. humile

    (Bowdich, 1825)

    - Distribution is difficult to establish because
    this species is often confused with Parapristipoma octolineatum



  • P.
    macrops

    (Pellegrin, 1912)

    - Spain, Portugal, Angola, Mediterranean



  • African
    striped grunt

    P. octolineatum

    (Valenciennes, 1833)

    - Angola



  • Chicken
    grunt

    P. trilineatum

    (Thunberg, 1793)

    - Japan, East China Sea, Taiwan




 

  

Genus
Plectorhinchus

(Lacepède, 1801)



  • Barred rubberlip

    P. plagiodesmus

    (Fowler, 1935)



  • Biglip
    grunt

    P. macrolepis

    (Boulenger, 1899)

    - Senegal, Angola



  • Blackspotted
    rubberlip

    P. gaterinus

    (Forsskål, 1775)

    - Red Sea, S Africa, Mauritius, Madagascar, Comoro
    I.



  • Bronzestriped
    grunt

    P. taeniatus

    (McKay & Randall, 1995)

    - Arabian Peninsula



  • Celebes
    sweetlips

    P. celebicus

    (Bleeker, 1873)

    - Moluccas, Papua New Guinea, Ryukyu Islands,
    Great Barrier Reef, Micronesia



  • Crescent
    sweetlips

    P. cinctus

    (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843)

    - Arabian Sea, Japan



  • Dusky
    rubberlip

    P. chubbi

    (Regan, 1919)

    Somalia, Kenya, India, S Africa, ID.



  • Giant
    sweetlips

    P. obscurus

    (Günther, 1872)



  • Harlequin
    sweetlips

    P. chaetodonoides

    (Lacepède, 1801)

    - Maldives, Cocos Islands, Sumatra, Fiji, New
    Caledonia, Ryukyu I., Rowley Shoals



  • Harry
    hotlips

    P. gibbosus

    (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1853)



  • Indian
    Ocean Oriental Sweetlips

    P. vittatus

    (Linnaeus, 1758)



  • Lesson's
    thicklip

    P. lessonii

    (Cuvier, 1830)



  • Lemon
    sweetlip


    P. flavomaculatus

    (Cuvier, 1830)



  • Lined
    grunt

    P. punctulatus

    (Rüppell, 1838)

    - Red Sea, Gulf of Oman



  • Lined
    sweetlips

    P. gaterinoides

    (Smith, 1962)



  • Many-lined
    sweetlips

    P. multivittatus

    (Macleay, 1878)



  • Minstrel
    sweetlip


    P. schotaf

    (Forsskål, 1775)



  • Oriental
    sweetlips

    P. orientalis

    (Bloch, 1793)

    - E Africa, Samoa, Japan, New Caledonia, Palau,
    Micronesia



  • P.
    faetela

    (Forsskål, 1775)



  • P.
    harrawayi

    (Smith, 1952)



  • P.
    macrospilus


    (Satapoomin & Randall, 2000)



  • P.
    nigrus

    (Cuvier, 1830)

    - Indo-Pacific



  • P.
    trifasciatus

    (Fowler, 1937)

    - Australia, Thailand, Papua New Guinea



  • P.
    umbrinus

    (Klunzinger, 1870)



  • P.
    punctatissimus

    (Playfair, 1868)



  • P.
    unicolor


    (Macleay, 1883)



  • Painted
    Sweetlip

    P. picus

    (Cuvier, 1830)

    - Seychelles, Japan



  • Parrot
    grunt

    P. perotaei

    (Cuvier, 1830)

    - Mauritania, Angola



  • Pigsnout
    grunt

    P. rogerii

    (Cuvier, 1830)

    - Mauritania, Angola



  • Red
    patched grunter

    P.
    unimaculatus

    (Tian, 1982)

    - China, Malaysia



  • Ribboned
    sweetlips

    P. polytaenia

    (Bleeker, 1852)



  • Rubberlip
    grunt

    P. mediterraneus

    (Guichenot, 1850)

    - Spain, Portugal, Namibia, Mediterranean Sea,
    Canary I.




  • Sordid rubberlip

    P. sordidus

    (Klunzinger, 1870)



  • Sri
    Lanka sweetlips

    P. ceylonensis

    (Smith, 1956)

    - Sri Lanka



  • Striped
    grunter

    P. striatus

    (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908)

    - Mozambique, S Africa, Red Sea, Gulf of Suez



  • Striped
    sweetlips

    P. diagrammus

    (Linnaeus, 1758)




  • Trout sweetlips

    P. pictus

    (Tortonese, 1936)

    - Persian Gulf, Sri Lanka, China



  • Two-striped
    sweetlips

    P. albovittatus

    (Rüppell, 1838)

    - Red Sea, Celebes, Taiwan, Tonga, Mozambique




  • Whitebarred rubberlip

    P. playfairi

    (Pellegrin, 1914)



  • Yellowbanded
    sweetlips

    P. lineatus

    (Linnaeus, 1758)

    - Great Barrier Reef, New Caledonia



  • Yellow-lined
    grunter

    P. quadrilineatus

    (Shen & Lin, 1984)

    - China, Japan



  • Yellow-striped
    sweetlips

    P. chrysotaenia

    (Bleeker, 1855)

    - Singapore, Philippines, Solomon I., Ryukyu I,
    Great Barrier Reef, New Caledonia



  • Zebra
    sweetlip

    P. paulayi

    (Steindachner, 1895)




Genus
Pomadasys

(Lacepède, 1802)


  • Banded
    grunter

    P. furcatus

    (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)

    - Somalia, Mozambique, Madagascar, S Africa, Sri
    Lanka, Red Sea, Indonesia



  • Bastard
    grunt

    P. incisus

    (Bowdich, 1825)

    - Strait of Gibraltar, Angola

  • Bigspine
    grunt

    P. empherus

    (Bussing, 1993)

    - Costa Rica



  • Bluecheek
    silver grunt

    P. argyreus

    (Valenciennes, 1833)

    - Pakistan, Sri Lanka, SE Asia



  • Burro
    Grunt

    P. crocro



  • Cock
    grunter

    P. multimaculatum

    (Playfair, 1867)

    - Africa, Australia



  • Javelin
    grunter

    P. kaakan

    (Cuvier, 1830)


    - Red Sea, Africa, SE Asia, Taiwan, Australia



  • Longhead
    grunt

    P. auritus

    (Cuvier, 1830)

    - China, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, Australia



  • Longspine
    grunt

    P. macracanthus

    (Günther, 1864)

    - Mexico, Ecuador



  • Manylined
    grunter

    P. laurentino

    (Smith, 1953)

    - Mozambique



  • Olive
    grunt

    P. olivaceus

    (Day, 1875)

    - Namibia, Africa, Madagascar, Arabia, India,
    Malaysia



  • Panama
    grunt

    P. panamensis

    (Steindachner, 1876)

    - Gulf of California, Peru



  • P.
    guoraca

    (Cuvier, 1829)

    - Africa, Philippines



  • P.
    hasta

    (Bloch, 1790)

    - Indo-West Pacific



  • Purplemouth
    grunt


    P. bayanus

    (Jordan & Evermann, 1898)

    - USA, Mexico, Peru



  • Roughneck
    grunt

    P. corvinaeformis

    (Steindachner, 1868)

    - Mexico, Caribbean, Antilles, Brazil



  • Saddle
    grunt

    P. maculatus

    (Bloch, 1793)

    - Indian Ocean, China, Australia



  • Sand
    grunt

    P. branickii

    (Steindachner, 1879)

    - Mexico, Peru



  • Silver
    grunt

    P. argenteus

    (Forsskål, 1775)

    - Red Sea, Philippines, Persian Gulf, Japan, Australia,
    New Caledonia



  • Smallspotted
    grunter

    P. commersonnii

    (Lacepède, 1801)

    - India, Oman, S Africa, Seychelles, Madagascar



  • Sompat
    grunt

    P. jubelini

    (Cuvier, 1830)

    - Mauritania, Angola



  • Yellowback
    grunt

    P. aheneus

    (McKay & Randall, 1995)

    - Oman




Genus
Xenichthys

(Gill, 1863)


  • X. agassizii



  • X. rupestris



  • Longfin
    salema

    X. xanti




Genus
Xenistius

(Jordan and Gilbert, 1883)


  • Californian
    salema

    X. californiensis



  • X. peruanus




Genus
Xenocys

(Jordan and Bollman, 1890)


  • X. jessiae
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