HVDC Volgograd-Donbass
Encyclopedia
The HVDC Volgograd–Donbass is a 475 kilometres (295.2 mi) long bipolar 400 kV high voltage direct current powerline used for transmitting electric power from Volga Hydroelectric Station
at Volgograd
to Donbas and vice versa. HVDC Volgograd–Donbass is after the already shutdown Moscow-Kashira HVDC powerline the second HVDC scheme built in former Soviet Union and can transfer a maximum power of 750 Megawatt. The scheme is today in bad state and only operated with a voltage of 100 kV. Nevertheless, it is still modernized, as a Google Map Picture of its crossing with M-4 motorway at 48°49′41"N 40°24′11"E shows, where one can see that new pylons for the crossing of the motorway are under construction.
with 14 kV three-phase AC, whereby two parallel switched generators feed their power into one transformer. The transformers have beside the two secondary windings required for the realization of the 12 pulse valve bridges a third winding for feeding electric power in the local 220 kV grid. The station has no harmonics filters. All required reactive power is delivered from the generators of the power plant.
at 48°39′13"N 38°33′56"E. It uses as Volzhskaya Static Inverter Plant for each pole four series connected three-phase valve bridges, which form two series connected twelve pulse bridges. As at Volzhskaya Static Inverter Plant one mercury arc valve group was replaced in 1977 by a thyristor valve group. The valves of Mikhailovska static inverter plant are connected over the inverter transformers with the local 220 kV grid. Remarkable is, that the DC line crosses the whole AC switchyard of the substation before it enters the inverter hall situated at the southern side of the station. The hall is 219 metres (718.5 ft) long and has a 54 metres (177.2 ft) long wing pointing in south-southwesterly direction. The Mikhailovskaya static inverter plant has three harmonic filters, each with a reactive power of 132 MVA, which are situated 100 metres (328.1 ft) northerly of the AC switchyard.
The suspension towers have a single crossbar, carrying one conductor on a suspension insulator at each end of it.
Two types of strainers are used: lattice towers similar to the suspension towers, but equipped with strainer insulators and of stronger design and much more often pole-type towers with a central pole supported by two diagonal bars. The latter towers carry only one conductor, and there are always 2 such towers close together.
South of Solinky at 48°43′25"N 38°51′25"E, there is an unusual double pylon in the line, at which one conductor is fixed at suspension insulators, while the other is fixed with strainer insulators. The exact use of this pylon is unknown. It may carry equipment for extracting PLC-signals from the line, which may be used by Solinky 110 kV substation approximately 1 kilometres northward.
Southwest of Kamennyy between 48°56′13"N 44°30′11"E and 48°56′48"N 44°31′11"E the line is installed on portal pylons designed for 3 conductors, although the line has there as in all other sections just 2 conductors.
The conductors consist of bundles of 2 ACSR-conductors with 600 mm2 cross section. The whole line is equipped with a single ground wire. It is a single ACSR-wire with 70 mm2 cross section and fixed on the pinnacles of the pylons.
The line leaves Mikhailkovskaya Static Inverter Plant in northnortheast direction. Southeast of Onkhove it turns eastnortheastly. South of Prychiplivka it turns eastwards. East of Krasnyl Lyman it changes its way until to eastnortheast and passes Schastia northward. North of Petrivka the line runs eastwards and then after Nyznoteple southwards in order not to cross a populated valley. Then at Teple ot turns eastwards, however changes its way to eastsoutheast direction north of Harasmythka. The border to Russia is crossed north of Ushakovka at 48°48′37"N 39°46′47"E, but it enters Ukraine again for a very short section south of Talove at 48°47′37"N 39°58′29"E. The line runs in Russia past Krasnovka and Novotalovka until Taradinka eastwards, where it turns again toward northeast. North of Krivorzne its direction went more eastwards. In its further track, it passes between Krinychnyy and Melnichnny and runs past Krasnoschekov and Krasnoyarovka through large fields to Varlamovka. In its further track it passes south of Rusakov, south of Kalmykovsky and south of Erik. Behind Erik, its way nears Don River. Short before Don River the line turns to southeasterly in order to cross it in a right angle, The crossing itself, which is situated near Peskovatka at 48°56′25"N 43°48′9"E has a span width of 608 metres (1,994.8 ft). As the west bank of Don River is here a hill, there are no extraordinary tall pylons used.
After Don Crossing it runs the remaining way to Volgograd until a point 5 kilometres east of Kuzmichi, where it meets the 500 kV AC lines to Volgograd Hydroelectric Plant nearly straight eastward. Then it turns southeasterly and south of Erzovka southward. It crosses several areas with recreational garden houses in the northern quarters of Volgograd and passes southerly an industrial complex and the 500 kV switchyard of Volga Hydroelectric Power Plant before it reaches its destination, the inverter plant of Volga Hydroelectric Plant, which is integrated in the power station. One conductor of the line ends at the Western end of the Power Station Building, while the other crosses on the pylons of the 220 kV-powerline, which starts here the building and ends on the other site of the building. This comes from the fact, that the valve groups are switched in series and each valve group is fed by its own machine.
The electrode lines, which look like a 110 kV-powerlines with 2 conductors, use similar, but smaller pylons as the main line. In opposite to the main line, all strainers are free-standing lattice towers with a single crossbar, while the suspension towers of the electrode line are usually concrete poles with a single crossbar made of steel. Only suspension towers of extraordinary height are built as lattice towers.
The electrode of Mikhailovskaya static inverter plant is situated north of Smile at 48°41′31.94"N 38°54′35.93"E.
It is connected with Mikhailovskaya static inverter plant by a 32 kilometre long overhead line, which consists of two parallelized 2450 mm2 ACSR conductors.
The electrode line from Mikhailovskaya static inverter plant follows the main line on the left side seen from Mikhailovskaya static inverter plant until a point northeast of Zolobok at 48°44′0.98"N 38°43′26.31"E where it undercrosses the main line. After this point, it follows the main line on the other site until a point south of Krymske at 48°43′37.55"N 38°48′16.55"E where it leaves the course of the main line in southeast direction toward the electrode.
The electrode for the terminal at Volgograd is situated northwest of Kamennyy at 49°00′13.11"N 44°30′56.1"E. It is connected with it by a 24 kilometre long overhead line consisting of two parallelized 2450 mm2 ACSR conductors.
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48.8275979°N 44.6677548°E
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48.8275714°N 44.6654695°E
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48.8309245°N 44.6539253°E
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48.7945176°N 39.9812114°E
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48.7878664°N 39.9296701°E
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48.8201034°N 39.7147822°E
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48.6520953°N 38.5651928°E
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48.6555399°N 38.5614431°E
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48.6612555°N 38.5665286°E
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48.6810017°N 38.5866344°E
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48.7095835°N 38.8557565°E
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48.7062771°N 38.8678533°E
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48.6962471°N 38.8852555°E
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48.6958257°N 38.8902229°E
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48.6922069°N 38.9099801°E
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49.0036352°N 44.5155823°E
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48.9835722°N 44.4980675°E
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48.9819175°N 44.4965869°E
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48.8359546°N 44.6529463°E
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48.834235°N 44.6524554°E
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48.8331227°N 44.6531743°E
Volga Hydroelectric Station
The Volga Hydroelectric Station or Volga GES also known as the 22nd Congress of the CPSU Stalingrad/Volgograd Hydroelectric Power Station , is the largest hydroelectric station in Europe and is the last of the Volga-Kama Cascade of dams, before the Volga River flows into the Caspian Sea...
at Volgograd
Volgograd
Volgograd , formerly called Tsaritsyn and Stalingrad is an important industrial city and the administrative center of Volgograd Oblast, Russia. It is long, north to south, situated on the western bank of the Volga River...
to Donbas and vice versa. HVDC Volgograd–Donbass is after the already shutdown Moscow-Kashira HVDC powerline the second HVDC scheme built in former Soviet Union and can transfer a maximum power of 750 Megawatt. The scheme is today in bad state and only operated with a voltage of 100 kV. Nevertheless, it is still modernized, as a Google Map Picture of its crossing with M-4 motorway at 48°49′41"N 40°24′11"E shows, where one can see that new pylons for the crossing of the motorway are under construction.
Volzhskaya Static Inverter Plant
The terminal at Volga Hydroelectric Station, Volzhskaya Static Inverter Plant, is situated on the dam of the power plant at 48°49′34"N 44°40′20"E. Each of the poles consist of four series connected three-phase valve bridges, which form two series connected twelve pulse bridges. Originally all valves of the scheme were mercury arc valves designed for a voltage of 100 kV and a maximum current of 938 Amperes. In 1977 one mercury arc valve group was replaced by a thyristor valve group. The inverter transformers of Volzhskaya Static Inverter Plant are fed directly from the generators of the Volga Hydroelectric StationVolga Hydroelectric Station
The Volga Hydroelectric Station or Volga GES also known as the 22nd Congress of the CPSU Stalingrad/Volgograd Hydroelectric Power Station , is the largest hydroelectric station in Europe and is the last of the Volga-Kama Cascade of dams, before the Volga River flows into the Caspian Sea...
with 14 kV three-phase AC, whereby two parallel switched generators feed their power into one transformer. The transformers have beside the two secondary windings required for the realization of the 12 pulse valve bridges a third winding for feeding electric power in the local 220 kV grid. The station has no harmonics filters. All required reactive power is delivered from the generators of the power plant.
Mikhailovska static inverter plant
The static inverter plant in Donbas area, Mikhailovska static inverter plant, is situated northeast of Pervomaisk, Luhansk OblastPervomaisk, Luhansk Oblast
Pervomaisk is a city in Luhansk Oblast, Ukraine. Population is 43,082 . Northeast of Pervomaisk, there is the static inverter plant of HVDC Volgograd-Donbass....
at 48°39′13"N 38°33′56"E. It uses as Volzhskaya Static Inverter Plant for each pole four series connected three-phase valve bridges, which form two series connected twelve pulse bridges. As at Volzhskaya Static Inverter Plant one mercury arc valve group was replaced in 1977 by a thyristor valve group. The valves of Mikhailovska static inverter plant are connected over the inverter transformers with the local 220 kV grid. Remarkable is, that the DC line crosses the whole AC switchyard of the substation before it enters the inverter hall situated at the southern side of the station. The hall is 219 metres (718.5 ft) long and has a 54 metres (177.2 ft) long wing pointing in south-southwesterly direction. The Mikhailovskaya static inverter plant has three harmonic filters, each with a reactive power of 132 MVA, which are situated 100 metres (328.1 ft) northerly of the AC switchyard.
Powerline
The powerline to Donbas area has a length of 475 kilometres (295.2 mi) and the entire length is overhead line.The suspension towers have a single crossbar, carrying one conductor on a suspension insulator at each end of it.
Two types of strainers are used: lattice towers similar to the suspension towers, but equipped with strainer insulators and of stronger design and much more often pole-type towers with a central pole supported by two diagonal bars. The latter towers carry only one conductor, and there are always 2 such towers close together.
South of Solinky at 48°43′25"N 38°51′25"E, there is an unusual double pylon in the line, at which one conductor is fixed at suspension insulators, while the other is fixed with strainer insulators. The exact use of this pylon is unknown. It may carry equipment for extracting PLC-signals from the line, which may be used by Solinky 110 kV substation approximately 1 kilometres northward.
Southwest of Kamennyy between 48°56′13"N 44°30′11"E and 48°56′48"N 44°31′11"E the line is installed on portal pylons designed for 3 conductors, although the line has there as in all other sections just 2 conductors.
The conductors consist of bundles of 2 ACSR-conductors with 600 mm2 cross section. The whole line is equipped with a single ground wire. It is a single ACSR-wire with 70 mm2 cross section and fixed on the pinnacles of the pylons.
The line leaves Mikhailkovskaya Static Inverter Plant in northnortheast direction. Southeast of Onkhove it turns eastnortheastly. South of Prychiplivka it turns eastwards. East of Krasnyl Lyman it changes its way until to eastnortheast and passes Schastia northward. North of Petrivka the line runs eastwards and then after Nyznoteple southwards in order not to cross a populated valley. Then at Teple ot turns eastwards, however changes its way to eastsoutheast direction north of Harasmythka. The border to Russia is crossed north of Ushakovka at 48°48′37"N 39°46′47"E, but it enters Ukraine again for a very short section south of Talove at 48°47′37"N 39°58′29"E. The line runs in Russia past Krasnovka and Novotalovka until Taradinka eastwards, where it turns again toward northeast. North of Krivorzne its direction went more eastwards. In its further track, it passes between Krinychnyy and Melnichnny and runs past Krasnoschekov and Krasnoyarovka through large fields to Varlamovka. In its further track it passes south of Rusakov, south of Kalmykovsky and south of Erik. Behind Erik, its way nears Don River. Short before Don River the line turns to southeasterly in order to cross it in a right angle, The crossing itself, which is situated near Peskovatka at 48°56′25"N 43°48′9"E has a span width of 608 metres (1,994.8 ft). As the west bank of Don River is here a hill, there are no extraordinary tall pylons used.
After Don Crossing it runs the remaining way to Volgograd until a point 5 kilometres east of Kuzmichi, where it meets the 500 kV AC lines to Volgograd Hydroelectric Plant nearly straight eastward. Then it turns southeasterly and south of Erzovka southward. It crosses several areas with recreational garden houses in the northern quarters of Volgograd and passes southerly an industrial complex and the 500 kV switchyard of Volga Hydroelectric Power Plant before it reaches its destination, the inverter plant of Volga Hydroelectric Plant, which is integrated in the power station. One conductor of the line ends at the Western end of the Power Station Building, while the other crosses on the pylons of the 220 kV-powerline, which starts here the building and ends on the other site of the building. This comes from the fact, that the valve groups are switched in series and each valve group is fed by its own machine.
Electrodes and electrode lines
HVDC Volgograd–Donbass can be operated as monopol scheme with ground return, therefore two ground electrodes are installed. Both electrodes are designed as land electrodes consisting of a single steel rod with 30 milimetres diametre whereby cokebackfill is used.The electrode lines, which look like a 110 kV-powerlines with 2 conductors, use similar, but smaller pylons as the main line. In opposite to the main line, all strainers are free-standing lattice towers with a single crossbar, while the suspension towers of the electrode line are usually concrete poles with a single crossbar made of steel. Only suspension towers of extraordinary height are built as lattice towers.
The electrode of Mikhailovskaya static inverter plant is situated north of Smile at 48°41′31.94"N 38°54′35.93"E.
It is connected with Mikhailovskaya static inverter plant by a 32 kilometre long overhead line, which consists of two parallelized 2450 mm2 ACSR conductors.
The electrode line from Mikhailovskaya static inverter plant follows the main line on the left side seen from Mikhailovskaya static inverter plant until a point northeast of Zolobok at 48°44′0.98"N 38°43′26.31"E where it undercrosses the main line. After this point, it follows the main line on the other site until a point south of Krymske at 48°43′37.55"N 38°48′16.55"E where it leaves the course of the main line in southeast direction toward the electrode.
The electrode for the terminal at Volgograd is situated northwest of Kamennyy at 49°00′13.11"N 44°30′56.1"E. It is connected with it by a 24 kilometre long overhead line consisting of two parallelized 2450 mm2 ACSR conductors.
Trivia
- HVDC Volgograd–Donbass was the first long-distance HVDC link without a submarine cable section
- HVDC Volgograd–Donbass is the only HVDC scheme in Europe implemented as overhead line in its whole length
- HVDC Volgograd–Donbass is after the shut-down of HVDC Moscow-KashiraElbe ProjectThe Elbe Project was the name of the first commercial static high voltage direct current transmission system in the world, based on mercury arc valves....
the only long distance HVDC in Russia
Waypoints
Right of way of HVDC Volgograd–Donbass, according Google-Maps. May be imperfect due to low resolution.Russia
Ukraine
Electrode Line in Ukraine
Electrode Line in Russia
Incomplete as line cannot be tracked on Wikimapia through VolgogradExternal links
- http://web.archive.org/web/20051115115336/www.transmission.bpa.gov/cigresc14/Compendium/VOLGO.htm
- http://web.archive.org/web/20051115133510/www.transmission.bpa.gov/cigresc14/Compendium/Volgo+Pictures.pdf
- http://g.io.ua/img_aa/large/1427/93/14279340.jpg, http://i.io.ua/img_bb/large/0045/00458312.jpg - Pictures of used pylons
- http://v1.cache5.c.bigcache.googleapis.com/static.panoramio.com/photos/original/26626824.jpg?redirect_counter=1 - Picture of suspension tower of HVDC Volgograd-Donbass and electrode line
- http://v8.cache8.c.bigcache.googleapis.com/static.panoramio.com/photos/original/55221372.jpg?redirect_counter=1 - Picture of strainer of HVDC Volgograd-Donbass and electrode line
- http://v3.cache3.c.bigcache.googleapis.com/static.panoramio.com/photos/original/41074882.jpg?redirect_counter=1 - HVDC Volgograd-Donbass and its electrode line running past 500 kV powerlines north of Volgograd
- http://v6.cache4.c.bigcache.googleapis.com/static.panoramio.com/photos/original/41864537.jpg?redirect_counter=1 - HVDC Volgograd-Donbass running past 500 kV lines north of Volgograd
- http://v4.cache2.c.bigcache.googleapis.com/static.panoramio.com/photos/original/41670862.jpg?ir=1&redirect_counter=1 - Electrode line of HVDC Volgograd-Donbass crossing other powerlines
- http://static.panoramio.com/photos/original/49426615.jpg - Mikhailovskaya static inverter plant, outgoing electrode line ( left), HVDC-line with portal-type strainer ( right of electrode line) and harmonic filters ( right in the background)
- http://v3.lscache7.c.bigcache.googleapis.com/static.panoramio.com/photos/original/49423022.jpg - Mikhailovskaya static inverter plant, harmonic filters
