Gryzyna Landscape Park
Encyclopedia
Gryżyna Landscape Park (Gryżyński Park Krajobrazowy) is a protected area
Protected area
Protected areas are locations which receive protection because of their recognised natural, ecological and/or cultural values. There are several kinds of protected areas, which vary by level of protection depending on the enabling laws of each country or the regulations of the international...

 (Landscape Park
Landscape Park (Poland)
A Landscape Park is the name given in Poland to a type of protected area, of lower status than a National Park and with less stringent restrictions on development and economic use....

) in western Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...

, established in 1996, covering an area of 27.55 square kilometres (10.6 sq mi).

The Park lies within Lubusz Voivodeship
Lubusz Voivodeship
- Administrative division :Lubusz Voivodeship is divided into 14 counties : 2 city counties and 12 land counties. These are further divided into 83 gminas....

: in Krosno Odrzańskie County
Krosno Odrzanskie County
Krosno Odrzańskie County is a unit of territorial administration and local government in Lubusz Voivodeship, western Poland, on the German border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the town of...

 (Gmina Krosno Odrzańskie
Gmina Krosno Odrzanskie
Gmina Krosno Odrzańskie is an urban-rural gmina in Krosno Odrzańskie County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. Its seat is the town of Krosno Odrzańskie, which lies approximately west of Zielona Góra....

, Gmina Bytnica
Gmina Bytnica
Gmina Bytnica is a rural gmina in Krosno Odrzańskie County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. Its seat is the village of Bytnica, which lies approximately north of Krosno Odrzańskie, north-west of Zielona Góra, and south of Gorzów Wielkopolski.The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006...

), Świebodzin County
Swiebodzin County
Świebodzin County is a unit of territorial administration and local government in Lubusz Voivodeship, western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Świebodzin, which lies north...

 (Gmina Skąpe
Gmina Skape
Gmina Skąpe is a rural gmina in Świebodzin County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. Its seat is the village of Skąpe, which lies approximately south-west of Świebodzin, north of Zielona Góra, and south of Gorzów Wielkopolski....

) and Zielona Góra County
Zielona Góra County
Zielona Góra County is a unit of territorial administration and local government in Lubusz Voivodeship, western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Zielona Góra, although the city...

 (Gmina Czerwieńsk
Gmina Czerwiensk
Gmina Czerwieńsk is an urban-rural gmina in Zielona Góra County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. Its seat is the town of Czerwieńsk, which lies approximately north-west of Zielona Góra....

). It takes its name from the village of Gryżyna
Gryzyna, Lubusz Voivodeship
Gryżyna is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bytnica, within Krosno Odrzańskie County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland...

 in Gmina Bytnica
Gmina Bytnica
Gmina Bytnica is a rural gmina in Krosno Odrzańskie County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. Its seat is the village of Bytnica, which lies approximately north of Krosno Odrzańskie, north-west of Zielona Góra, and south of Gorzów Wielkopolski.The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006...

.
Gryżyński Landscape Park is covered with forests in 86.6 %, with surface waters in 6.6% and in 2.6% with pastures and meadows and marshy wasteland. The park is situated in the Warsaw-Berlin ice-marginal-valley and it constitutes a good example of postglacial relief with a great variety of postglacial forms such as vales, eskers and ravines, which contrast with sander plains around the park. The park is extended from the village Gryżyna
Gryzyna
Gryżyna may refer to:*Gryżyna, Greater Poland Voivodeship *Gryżyna, Lubusz Voivodeship *Gryżyna Landscape Park, a protected area in Lubusz Voivodeship*Gryżyna, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship...

 in the north to the village Szklarka Radnicka
Szklarka Radnicka
Szklarka Radnicka is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Krosno Odrzańskie, within Krosno Odrzańskie County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. It lies approximately north-east of Krosno Odrzańskie and north-west of Zielona Góra....

 in the south. It is 2-3 kilometers wide and 12.5 kilometers long and the vale of Gryżyna is its axis. The western vale constitutes the riverbed for Gryżyński Potok
Gryżyński Potok
Gryżyński Potok is a river of Poland....

. This peat bog area is cut with ravines with steep slopes and huge amount of slope springs (there are nearly 100 between the villages Gryżyna and Grabin). In the south there are a few postglacial lakes and the biggest is the lake Jelito, which is 36.6 meters deep and covers the area of 49.9 hectares. To the east of the central and the western vales there are eskers, the kettle holes and kames with the dominant Border Mountain. In the beautiful landscape of the northern part of the park a 7,5- kilometre path of nature has been marked up with ten stands described by means of seventeen tables. The path is marked with the symbol of a green leaf. The stands relate to different topics:
1. The holiday camp “Dora” in Gryżyna
2. The watermill Strzelnik
3. The ravines with 60% inclination
4. The slope springs
5. The fen
6. The kame edge
7. The watermill Zaskórz
8. The esker inside the vale
9. The pond Bartno
10. The lake Kalek

The natural monuments

In the park there are 4 avenues of oaks and one tree - a pedunculate oak - protected in the form of natural monuments. The avenues are grouped in the area of Gryżyna village, they gather about 300 trees and with its longevity ( 150-200 years) and size (20 -25 metres high and 180-400 centimetres of circumference) they are considered an amazing natural phenomenon. Another natural monument is the deepest and the most beautiful ravine, which was created by water after the glacier had retreated. The western and central part of the ravine is covered by the beech forest. In the eastern part, on the peat bogs, black alders grow. The Rashes of Gryżyna cover 32,86 hectares and are located in the postglacial valley near the springs of Gryżyński Potok. The wet and inaccessible ground is the home for animals, particularly a biever, an otter and a crane. The Cranberry Marsh covers 2,81 hectares and is the habitat of the sundews, the mud sedge, the cranberry, the bog-rosemary and the white beat sedge. The park provides protection for the nests of a white-tailed eagle.

The flora of Gryżyński Landscape Park

Among trees of Gryżyński Landscape Park the following species can be found : pines
Pines
Pines may refer to:*Pine, coniferous trees of the genus Pinus, in the family Pinaceae*PINES or Public Information Network for Electronic Services- People with the surname :...

,European and red beeches, oaks
Oaks
-Horse races:"Oaks" is generally used to describe a Thoroughbred horse race restricted to 3-year-old fillies. Among the best-known races using the term are:*Epsom Oaks, The Oaks Stakes, at Epsom Downs Racecourse, Surrey, England; the original "Oaks" race...

, alders and hornbeams. Common leptosporangiate ferns and umbellate wintergreen represent interesting and rare species in the park. There is also an old species wolf's-foot clubmoss. Among flowers there are : Carthusian Pink, Cheddar Pink, anemones, snowdrops, blue squills and liverworts. The wet meadows near Grabin are the habitat of a common foxglove and a wide range of orchids, for instance a military orchid
Military Orchid
Orchis militaris, the Military Orchid, is a species of orchid native to Europe. It is the type species of the genus Orchis.-Description:...

. The peat bogs areas are covered with a mud sedge, the sundews, a cranberry and a bog-rosemary.

The fauna of Gryżyński Landscape Park

The diverse forms of postglacial relief serve as a shelter for plenty of animal species. The park is the habitat of a stag beetle
Stag beetle
Stag beetles are a group of about 1,200 species of beetle in the family Lucanidae, presently classified in four subfamilies Some species grow up to over 12 cm , but most are about 5 cm .-Overview:...

. During June and July one can see the beetles in the near of oaks. Other insects are a European pine processionary and a moaning cloak – the biggest butterfly in Poland.
A lot of places reveal the trace of beavers, which were introduced to the park in 1986. In the same places otters are found. Another mammals characteristic for the park are red and roe deer
Roe Deer
The European Roe Deer , also known as the Western Roe Deer, chevreuil or just Roe Deer, is a Eurasian species of deer. It is relatively small, reddish and grey-brown, and well-adapted to cold environments. Roe Deer are widespread in Western Europe, from the Mediterranean to Scandinavia, and from...

, a red fox
Red Fox
The red fox is the largest of the true foxes, as well as being the most geographically spread member of the Carnivora, being distributed across the entire northern hemisphere from the Arctic Circle to North Africa, Central America, and the steppes of Asia...

, a wild boar, a raccoon dog
Raccoon Dog
The raccoon dog , also known as the magnut or tanuki, is a canid indigenous to east Asia. It is the only extant species in the genus Nyctereutes...

, a European polecat
European polecat
The European polecat , also known as the black or forest polecat , is a species of Mustelid native to western Eurasia and North Africa, which is classed by the IUCN as Least Concern due to its wide range and large numbers. It is of a generally dark brown colour, with a pale underbelly and a dark...

, a beech marten
Beech Marten
The beech marten , also known as the stone marten or white breasted marten, is a species of marten native to much of Europe and Central Asia, though it has established a feral population in North America. It is listed as Least Concern by the IUCN on account of its wide distribution, its large...

 and a European badger.

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http://www.okl.lasy.gov.pl/web/bytnica/gpk


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