Grand Ronde, Oregon
Encyclopedia
Grand Ronde is a census-designated place
(CDP) and unincorporated community in Polk County
, Oregon
, United States
. Originally named "Grand Ronde Agency", the name of this city is a variation of the French
Grande Ronde or "fine large valley", a description given to the area by the employees of the Hudson's Bay Company
, who were French-Canadian. The population was 271 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Salem
Metropolitan Statistical Area.
, which covered parts of Polk and Yamhill counties
until the agency was closed in 1925. The organizational structure of the reservation was replaced by the Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon
, which was first incorporated May 13, 1935, terminated August 13, 1954, then reestablished in November, 1983. The restored reservation is called the Grand Ronde Community.
The Confederated Tribes own and operate Spirit Mountain Casino in Grand Ronde, which is a major local employer. In 1997, the Casino created the Spirit Mountain Community Fund, which supports a number of charities both within Polk county and throughout Oregon
from the Casino's gambling revenue.
, the CDP has a total area of 0.6 square miles (1.6 km²), all of it land. The area is located 344 feet (104.9 m) above sea-level.
of 2000, there were 271 people, 113 households, and 61 families residing in the CDP. The population density
was 413.8 people per square mile (161.0/km²). There were 140 housing units at an average density of 213.8 per square mile (83.2/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 67.16% White, 25.83% Native American, 2.95% Asian, 0.37% from other races
, and 3.69% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.11% of the population.
There were 113 households out of which 29.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 31.0% were married couples
living together, 14.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46.0% were non-families. 36.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 3.07.
In the CDP the population was spread out with 28.8% under the age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 29.9% from 25 to 44, 25.8% from 45 to 64, and 7.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 111.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.5 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $23,929, and the median income for a family was $20,139. Males had a median income of $19,722 versus $21,583 for females. The per capita income
for the CDP was $13,538. None of the families and 19.1% of the population were living below the poverty line.
Grand Ronde is one of the wettest places in the contiguous United States. Precipitation data has been gathered in Grand Ronde sporadically since 1910 and continuously since 1948. That data shows the average annual precipitation from 1971-2000 to be 101.01". In contrast, rainfall in Willamina, approximately 7 miles away, is 51.45". Additionally, precipitation at Laurel Mountain, located about 9 miles to the southeast and further up in the Oregon Coast Range
, comes down at an average rate of 120.89" per year.
Temperature records for Grand Ronde are recorded at an unofficial location. Records there have been taken since 1993. The highest temperature recorded has been 108.4 on July 28, 2009 and the lowest was 9.0 on February 2, 1996.
Census-designated place
A census-designated place is a concentration of population identified by the United States Census Bureau for statistical purposes. CDPs are delineated for each decennial census as the statistical counterparts of incorporated places such as cities, towns and villages...
(CDP) and unincorporated community in Polk County
Polk County, Oregon
Polk County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oregon. The county is named for James Knox Polk, the 11th president of the United States. In 2010, its population was 75,403. The seat of the county is Dallas....
, Oregon
Oregon
Oregon is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. It is located on the Pacific coast, with Washington to the north, California to the south, Nevada on the southeast and Idaho to the east. The Columbia and Snake rivers delineate much of Oregon's northern and eastern...
, United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
. Originally named "Grand Ronde Agency", the name of this city is a variation of the French
French language
French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts...
Grande Ronde or "fine large valley", a description given to the area by the employees of the Hudson's Bay Company
Hudson's Bay Company
The Hudson's Bay Company , abbreviated HBC, or "The Bay" is the oldest commercial corporation in North America and one of the oldest in the world. A fur trading business for much of its existence, today Hudson's Bay Company owns and operates retail stores throughout Canada...
, who were French-Canadian. The population was 271 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Salem
Salem, Oregon
Salem is the capital of the U.S. state of Oregon, and the county seat of Marion County. It is located in the center of the Willamette Valley alongside the Willamette River, which runs north through the city. The river forms the boundary between Marion and Polk counties, and the city neighborhood...
Metropolitan Statistical Area.
History
Grand Ronde was the location of the headquarters of the Grand Ronde Indian ReservationGrand Ronde Indian Reservation
The Grand Ronde Community is an Indian reservation located on several non-contiguous sections of land in southwestern Yamhill County and northwestern Polk County, Oregon, United States, about east of Lincoln City, near the community of Grand Ronde...
, which covered parts of Polk and Yamhill counties
Yamhill County, Oregon
-National protected areas:*Siuslaw National Forest *Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge -Demographics:As of the census of 2000, there were 84,992 people, 28,732 households, and 21,376 families residing in the county. The population density was 119 people per square mile . There were 30,270...
until the agency was closed in 1925. The organizational structure of the reservation was replaced by the Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon
Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon
The Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon consists of twenty-seven Native American tribes with long historical ties to present-day Western Oregon between the western boundary of the Oregon Coast and the eastern boundary of the Cascade Range, and the northern boundary of...
, which was first incorporated May 13, 1935, terminated August 13, 1954, then reestablished in November, 1983. The restored reservation is called the Grand Ronde Community.
The Confederated Tribes own and operate Spirit Mountain Casino in Grand Ronde, which is a major local employer. In 1997, the Casino created the Spirit Mountain Community Fund, which supports a number of charities both within Polk county and throughout Oregon
Oregon
Oregon is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. It is located on the Pacific coast, with Washington to the north, California to the south, Nevada on the southeast and Idaho to the east. The Columbia and Snake rivers delineate much of Oregon's northern and eastern...
from the Casino's gambling revenue.
Geography
According to the United States Census BureauUnited States Census Bureau
The United States Census Bureau is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census. It also gathers other national demographic and economic data...
, the CDP has a total area of 0.6 square miles (1.6 km²), all of it land. The area is located 344 feet (104.9 m) above sea-level.
Demographics
As of the censusCensus
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
of 2000, there were 271 people, 113 households, and 61 families residing in the CDP. The population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...
was 413.8 people per square mile (161.0/km²). There were 140 housing units at an average density of 213.8 per square mile (83.2/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 67.16% White, 25.83% Native American, 2.95% Asian, 0.37% from other races
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...
, and 3.69% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.11% of the population.
There were 113 households out of which 29.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 31.0% were married couples
Marriage
Marriage is a social union or legal contract between people that creates kinship. It is an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually intimate and sexual, are acknowledged in a variety of ways, depending on the culture or subculture in which it is found...
living together, 14.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46.0% were non-families. 36.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 3.07.
In the CDP the population was spread out with 28.8% under the age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 29.9% from 25 to 44, 25.8% from 45 to 64, and 7.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 111.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.5 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $23,929, and the median income for a family was $20,139. Males had a median income of $19,722 versus $21,583 for females. The per capita income
Per capita income
Per capita income or income per person is a measure of mean income within an economic aggregate, such as a country or city. It is calculated by taking a measure of all sources of income in the aggregate and dividing it by the total population...
for the CDP was $13,538. None of the families and 19.1% of the population were living below the poverty line.
Climate
The overall climate of Grand Ronde is characterized by wet, mild winters and warm, dry summers.Grand Ronde is one of the wettest places in the contiguous United States. Precipitation data has been gathered in Grand Ronde sporadically since 1910 and continuously since 1948. That data shows the average annual precipitation from 1971-2000 to be 101.01". In contrast, rainfall in Willamina, approximately 7 miles away, is 51.45". Additionally, precipitation at Laurel Mountain, located about 9 miles to the southeast and further up in the Oregon Coast Range
Oregon Coast Range
The Oregon Coast Range, often called simply the Coast Range and sometimes the Pacific Coast Range, is a mountain range, in the Pacific Coast Ranges physiographic region, in the U.S. state of Oregon along the Pacific Ocean...
, comes down at an average rate of 120.89" per year.
Temperature records for Grand Ronde are recorded at an unofficial location. Records there have been taken since 1993. The highest temperature recorded has been 108.4 on July 28, 2009 and the lowest was 9.0 on February 2, 1996.