Glaucine
Encyclopedia
Glaucine is an alkaloid
found in several different plant species such as Glaucium flavum
, Glaucium oxylobum, Croton lechleri and Corydalis yanhusuo. It has bronchodilator
and antiinflammatory effects, acting as a PDE4 inhibitor
and calcium channel blocker
, and is used medically as an antitussive in some countries. Glaucine may produce side effects such as sedation
, fatigue, and a hallucinogenic effect characterised by colourful visual images, and has recently been detected as a novel recreational drug.
Alkaloid
Alkaloids are a group of naturally occurring chemical compounds that contain mostly basic nitrogen atoms. This group also includes some related compounds with neutral and even weakly acidic properties. Also some synthetic compounds of similar structure are attributed to alkaloids...
found in several different plant species such as Glaucium flavum
Glaucium flavum
Glaucium flavum is a summer flowering plant in the Papaveraceae family, which is native to Northern Africa, Macaronesia, temperate zones in Western Asia and the Caucasus, as well as Europe. Habitat: the plant grows on the seashore and is never found inland...
, Glaucium oxylobum, Croton lechleri and Corydalis yanhusuo. It has bronchodilator
Bronchodilator
A bronchodilator is a substance that dilates the bronchi and bronchioles, decreasing resistance in the respiratory airway and increasing airflow to the lungs. Bronchodilators may be endogenous , or they may be medications administered for the treatment of breathing difficulties...
and antiinflammatory effects, acting as a PDE4 inhibitor
PDE4 inhibitor
A phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibitor, commonly referred to as a PDE4 inhibitor, is a drug used to block the degradative action of phosphodiesterase 4 on cyclic adenosine monophosphate . It is a member of the larger family of PDE inhibitors. The PDE4 family of enzymes are the most prevalent PDE in...
and calcium channel blocker
Calcium channel blocker
A calcium channel blocker is a chemical that disrupts the movement of calcium through calcium channels.CCB drugs devised to target neurons are used as antiepileptics. However, the most widespread clinical usage of calcium channel blockers is to decrease blood pressure in patients with...
, and is used medically as an antitussive in some countries. Glaucine may produce side effects such as sedation
Sedation
Sedation is the reduction of irritability or agitation by administration of sedative drugs, generally to facilitate a medical procedure or diagnostic procedure...
, fatigue, and a hallucinogenic effect characterised by colourful visual images, and has recently been detected as a novel recreational drug.
See also
- ApomorphineApomorphineApomorphine is a non-selective dopamine agonist which activates both D1-like and D2-like receptors, with some preference for the latter subtypes. It is historically a morphine decomposition product by boiling with concentrated acid, hence the -morphine suffix...
- BulbocapnineBulbocapnineBulbocapnine is an alkaloid found in Corydalis and Dicentra, herbs in the family Fumariaceae that can cause fatal poisoning in sheep and cattle...
- NantenineNantenineNantenine is an alkaloid found in the plant Nandina domestica as well as some Corydalis species. It is an antagonist at both the α1 adrenergic receptor and the 5-HT2A serotonin receptor, and blocks both the behavioural and physiological effects of MDMA in animals.-See...
- NuciferineNuciferineNuciferine is an alkaloid found within the plants Nymphaea caerulea and Nelumbo nucifera. It has a profile of action associated with dopamine receptor blockade. It induces catalepsy, it inhibits spontaneous motor activity, conditioned avoidance response, amphetamine toxicity and stereotypy...
- PukateinePukateinePukateine is an alkaloid found in the bark of the New Zealand tree Laurelia novae-zelandiae . An extract from pukatea is used in traditional Māori herbal medicine as an analgesic, and it is thought pukateine is the active component, as it is similar in both structure and activity to alkaloids such...
- StepholidineStepholidine-Stepholidine is a naturally occurring chemical compound found in the herb Stephania intermedia. Stepholidine is a dual D2 receptor antagonist and D1 receptor agonist, and has shown antipsychotic activity in animal studies.-See also:*Apomorphine...
- TetrahydropalmatineTetrahydropalmatineTetrahydropalmatine is an alkaloid found in several different plant species, mainly in the Corydalis family, but also in other plants such as Stephania rotunda. These plants have traditional uses in Chinese herbal medicine...