Gi Hyeong-do
Encyclopedia
Gi Hyeong-do (기형도, 奇亨度) (March 13, 1960 - March 6 or 7, 1989) is one of the most highly recognized names in modern Korean poetry. His poems are a staple in Korean literature textbooks, and his posthumously-published collection of poems The Black Leaf in My Mouth (내 입 속의 검은 잎) has gone through more than 65 printings in the two decades since his untimely death.
Gi was born the youngest of 8 siblings on (Great) Yeonpyeong Island, Gyeonggi Prefecture, Korea. His father hailed from Hwanghae Province in present-day North Korea, which he fled amid the turmoil of the Korean War (1950–53). His father remained on the island working as a county-level functionary until 1964, when he moved with his family to the peninsular mainland, settling in Soha Village, Gyeonggi Prefecture (present-day Soha District, Gwangmyeong City). While growing up in a shanty town west of Incheon in an area known for its communitees of displaced refugees and evacuees, Gi attended Siheung Elementary School where he proved a top student, his awards for outstanding performance filling up a ramyeon box.
Gi's father built the family home and at first made a good living as a farmer. When a promising business deal fell through, however, family fortunes declined and then further worsened with the father's collapse from cerebral palsy in 1969. The family's plot of land had to be sold to pay for the father's medical expenses. Gi's prose poem "Genealogy in Jeopardy-1969" 위험한 가계 -1969) poignantly describes the sombre mood of his homelife during this period. His mother was obliged to work outside the home as a market-seller to feed her family, and the children also had to work.
As a student at Sillim Middle School (1973–76), Gi began writing poetry after one of his sisters was murdered in an act of violence perpetrated by a congregation (church) member. Besides writing, he was active as a baritone in a school choral group called "Mokdong" and regularly won prizes at school literary composition contests.
After graduating from Jungang High School in 1979, Gi entered Yonsei University
as a student in Political Law. He joined the campus literary group "Yonsei Literature Club" (연세문학회) and received commendation from the campus newspaper for a short novel detailing his unhappy family life. He elected Political Diplomacy as his major in 1980. He entered obligatory military service in 1981 and was stationed near Anyang City, where he participated in the local literary circle "Suri". The group inspired Gi to further engross himself in writing poetry. After his discharge he continued to read avidly and to write. He rematriculated to Yonsei University in 1983 and in the same year won the campus Yun Dong-ju Prize for his poem "Tree-Planting Ceremony" (식목제).
In 1984, Gi was employed as a reporter at the Jungang Ilbo (Jungang Daily Newspaper) while continuing his studies and honing his creative writing skills. He formally debuted in the world of letters by winning the Donga Ilbo New Year's Literary Contest with his celebrated poem "Fog" (안개), a stinging critique of Korea's industrializing society. He graduated from Yonsei in 1985 and joined the Jungang Ilbos prestigious Politics section as a full-time reporter. At this time he began publishing poems marked by powerful individuality and an intensely pessimistic world view combining exquisite sensibility with themes of helplessness, longing, disappointment and anger. In 1986 he requested to be transferred from the Politics section to the Culture section where he covered cultural events, publications and TV dramas. In the summer of 1988, he travelled alone to London and Paris. He transferred again to the Editing section the same year.
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Gi's corpse was found in the early hours of March 7, 1989 at the Pagoda Theater, a gay sex venue in Jongro 3-ga central Seoul, dead of a stroke (some have alleged a heart attack) at the age of 29. The circumstances of Gi’s death and his alleged homosexuality have since been covered up and/or ignored by mainstream scholars in order to protect his image from association with sexual minorities. However, this trend has been changing in recent years with the opening up of South Korea to same-sex discourses amidst the new liberalizing, multicultural turn.
Collections include Black Leaf in My Mouth (1989), Records of a Short Journey (1990), I Lost Love so I Write (1994) and Complete Works of Gi Hyeong-do (1999).
Gi was born the youngest of 8 siblings on (Great) Yeonpyeong Island, Gyeonggi Prefecture, Korea. His father hailed from Hwanghae Province in present-day North Korea, which he fled amid the turmoil of the Korean War (1950–53). His father remained on the island working as a county-level functionary until 1964, when he moved with his family to the peninsular mainland, settling in Soha Village, Gyeonggi Prefecture (present-day Soha District, Gwangmyeong City). While growing up in a shanty town west of Incheon in an area known for its communitees of displaced refugees and evacuees, Gi attended Siheung Elementary School where he proved a top student, his awards for outstanding performance filling up a ramyeon box.
Gi's father built the family home and at first made a good living as a farmer. When a promising business deal fell through, however, family fortunes declined and then further worsened with the father's collapse from cerebral palsy in 1969. The family's plot of land had to be sold to pay for the father's medical expenses. Gi's prose poem "Genealogy in Jeopardy-1969" 위험한 가계 -1969) poignantly describes the sombre mood of his homelife during this period. His mother was obliged to work outside the home as a market-seller to feed her family, and the children also had to work.
As a student at Sillim Middle School (1973–76), Gi began writing poetry after one of his sisters was murdered in an act of violence perpetrated by a congregation (church) member. Besides writing, he was active as a baritone in a school choral group called "Mokdong" and regularly won prizes at school literary composition contests.
After graduating from Jungang High School in 1979, Gi entered Yonsei University
Yonsei University
Yonsei University is a Christian private research university, located in Seoul, South Korea. Established in 1885, it is one of the oldest universities in South Korea, the top private comprehensive universities in South Korea, and is widely regarded as one of the top three comprehensive...
as a student in Political Law. He joined the campus literary group "Yonsei Literature Club" (연세문학회) and received commendation from the campus newspaper for a short novel detailing his unhappy family life. He elected Political Diplomacy as his major in 1980. He entered obligatory military service in 1981 and was stationed near Anyang City, where he participated in the local literary circle "Suri". The group inspired Gi to further engross himself in writing poetry. After his discharge he continued to read avidly and to write. He rematriculated to Yonsei University in 1983 and in the same year won the campus Yun Dong-ju Prize for his poem "Tree-Planting Ceremony" (식목제).
In 1984, Gi was employed as a reporter at the Jungang Ilbo (Jungang Daily Newspaper) while continuing his studies and honing his creative writing skills. He formally debuted in the world of letters by winning the Donga Ilbo New Year's Literary Contest with his celebrated poem "Fog" (안개), a stinging critique of Korea's industrializing society. He graduated from Yonsei in 1985 and joined the Jungang Ilbos prestigious Politics section as a full-time reporter. At this time he began publishing poems marked by powerful individuality and an intensely pessimistic world view combining exquisite sensibility with themes of helplessness, longing, disappointment and anger. In 1986 he requested to be transferred from the Politics section to the Culture section where he covered cultural events, publications and TV dramas. In the summer of 1988, he travelled alone to London and Paris. He transferred again to the Editing section the same year.
""
Gi's corpse was found in the early hours of March 7, 1989 at the Pagoda Theater, a gay sex venue in Jongro 3-ga central Seoul, dead of a stroke (some have alleged a heart attack) at the age of 29. The circumstances of Gi’s death and his alleged homosexuality have since been covered up and/or ignored by mainstream scholars in order to protect his image from association with sexual minorities. However, this trend has been changing in recent years with the opening up of South Korea to same-sex discourses amidst the new liberalizing, multicultural turn.
Collections include Black Leaf in My Mouth (1989), Records of a Short Journey (1990), I Lost Love so I Write (1994) and Complete Works of Gi Hyeong-do (1999).