Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
Encyclopedia
Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture is an autonomous prefecture in Sichuan
whose capital is Kangding
(Dardo). It is sometimes spelled as "Kardze" by non-government sources.
The area is 151,078 square kilometers and the population is approximately 880,000, with Tibetans
accounting for 77.8% of the population.
. During the period of rule by the Republic of China (1912–1949)
, it became nominally part of Xikang province
, which included parts of former Kham. In 1930, a Tibetan army invaded Garze, capturing it without much resistance. However, in 1932, the Tibetan army withdrew after suffering defeats elsewhere at the hands of the warlord of Qinghai
, Ma Bufang
. Chinese warlord Liu Wenhui
reoccupied Garze, and signed an agreement with the Tibetans formalizing his control of the area east of the Yangtze River
, which corresponds roughly with eastern Kham. In 1950, following the defeat of the Kuomintang
forces by the People's Liberation Army
, the area fell within the control of the People's Republic of China
. Eastern Xikang was merged with Sichuan in 1955, where Garze became an autonomous prefecture.
Sichuan
' , known formerly in the West by its postal map spellings of Szechwan or Szechuan is a province in Southwest China with its capital in Chengdu...
whose capital is Kangding
Kangding
Kangding or Dardo is the name of a county in Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in western Sichuan Province, China. It is administrated at the city of Kangding...
(Dardo). It is sometimes spelled as "Kardze" by non-government sources.
The area is 151,078 square kilometers and the population is approximately 880,000, with Tibetans
Tibetan people
The Tibetan people are an ethnic group that is native to Tibet, which is mostly in the People's Republic of China. They number 5.4 million and are the 10th largest ethnic group in the country. Significant Tibetan minorities also live in India, Nepal, and Bhutan...
accounting for 77.8% of the population.
History
Garze was traditionally part of the Tibetan region known as KhamKham
Kham , is a historical region covering a land area largely divided between present-day Tibetan Autonomous Region and Sichuan province, with smaller portions located within Qinghai, Gansu and Yunnan provinces of China. During the Republic of China's rule over mainland China , most of the region was...
. During the period of rule by the Republic of China (1912–1949)
Republic of China (1912–1949)
In 1911, after over two thousand years of imperial rule, a republic was established in China and the monarchy overthrown by a group of revolutionaries. The Qing Dynasty, having just experienced a century of instability, suffered from both internal rebellion and foreign imperialism...
, it became nominally part of Xikang province
Xikang
Xikang or Sikang , is a defunct province of the Republic of China , comprising most of the Kham region of traditional Tibet, where Khampas, a subgroup of the Tibetan ethnicity, live. The area is also home to a small minority of Mongol ethnicity...
, which included parts of former Kham. In 1930, a Tibetan army invaded Garze, capturing it without much resistance. However, in 1932, the Tibetan army withdrew after suffering defeats elsewhere at the hands of the warlord of Qinghai
Qinghai
Qinghai ; Oirat Mongolian: ; ; Salar:) is a province of the People's Republic of China, named after Qinghai Lake...
, Ma Bufang
Ma Bufang
Ma Bufang was a prominent Muslim Ma clique warlord in China during the Republic of China era, ruling the northwestern province of Qinghai. His rank was Lieutenant-general...
. Chinese warlord Liu Wenhui
Liu Wenhui
Liu Wenhui was one of the warlords of Sichuan province during China's Warlord era. Liu who rose to prominence in Sichuan in the 1920s and 1930s, came from a peasant family. At the beginning of his career, he was aligned with the Kuomintang , commanding the Sichuan-Xikang Defence Force from 1927 to...
reoccupied Garze, and signed an agreement with the Tibetans formalizing his control of the area east of the Yangtze River
Yangtze River
The Yangtze, Yangzi or Cháng Jiāng is the longest river in Asia, and the third-longest in the world. It flows for from the glaciers on the Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai eastward across southwest, central and eastern China before emptying into the East China Sea at Shanghai. It is also one of the...
, which corresponds roughly with eastern Kham. In 1950, following the defeat of the Kuomintang
Kuomintang
The Kuomintang of China , sometimes romanized as Guomindang via the Pinyin transcription system or GMD for short, and translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party is a founding and ruling political party of the Republic of China . Its guiding ideology is the Three Principles of the People, espoused...
forces by the People's Liberation Army
People's Liberation Army
The People's Liberation Army is the unified military organization of all land, sea, strategic missile and air forces of the People's Republic of China. The PLA was established on August 1, 1927 — celebrated annually as "PLA Day" — as the military arm of the Communist Party of China...
, the area fell within the control of the People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
. Eastern Xikang was merged with Sichuan in 1955, where Garze became an autonomous prefecture.
Subdivisions
Garzê comprises 18 counties:| Map | # | Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Tibet Tibet Tibet is a plateau region in Asia, north-east of the Himalayas. It is the traditional homeland of the Tibetan people as well as some other ethnic groups such as Monpas, Qiang, and Lhobas, and is now also inhabited by considerable numbers of Han and Hui people... an |
Wylie Wylie transliteration The Wylie transliteration scheme is a method for transliterating Tibetan script using only the letters available on a typical English language typewriter. It bears the name of Turrell V. Wylie, who described the scheme in an article, A Standard System of Tibetan Transcription, published in 1959... |
Population (2004 est.) |
Area (km²) | Density (/km²) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kangding County | 康定县 | Kāngdìng Xiàn | dar mdo rdzong | 110,000 | 11,486 | 10 | ||
| 2 | Luding County Luding County Luding County is a part of the Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in the Chinese Province of Sichuan. Luding County covers an area of 2,165 km² and has a population of approximately 80,000... |
泸定县 | Lúdìng Xiàn | lcags zam rdzong | 80,000 | 2,165 | 37 | ||
| 3 | Danba County Danba County Danba County is a county of Sichuan Province, China. It is under the administration of the Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. The capital lies at Danba.... |
丹巴县 | Dānbā Xiàn | rong brag rdzong | 60,000 | 4,656 | 13 | ||
| 4 | Jiulong County | 九龙县 | Jiǔlóng Xiàn | brgyad zur rdzong | 50,000 | 6,766 | 7 | ||
| 5 | Yajiang County Yajiang County Nyagqu County or Yajiang County is a county of Sichuan Province, China. It is under the administration of the Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.... |
雅江县 | Yǎjiāng Xiàn | nyag chu rdzong | 40,000 | 7,558 | 5 | ||
| 6 | Dawu County Dawu County, Sichuan Dawu County is a county of Sichuan Province, China. It is under the administration of the Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.In January 1981 it was struck by an earthquake.... |
道孚县 | Dàofú Xiàn | rta 'u rdzong | 50,000 | 7,053 | 7 | ||
| 7 | Luhuo County Luhuo County Luhuo County is a county of Sichuan Province, China. It is under the administration of the Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.... |
炉霍县 | Lúhuò Xiàn | brag 'go rdzong | 40,000 | 4,601 | 9 | ||
| 8 | Garzê County Garzê County Garzê County is one of the 18 subdivisions of the Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan province, China. The Yalong River passes just south of the town Garzê, also known as Ganzi, the capital town of the county, which has some 9,000 inhabitants , many of them ethnic Tibetans, and is famous... |
甘孜县 | Gānzī Xiàn | dkar mdzes rdzong | 60,000 | 7,303 | 8 | ||
| 9 | Xinlong County Xinlong County Xinlong County is a county of Sichuan Province, China. It is under the administration of the Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.... |
新龙县 | Xīnlóng Xiàn | nyag rong rdzong | 40,000 | 8,570 | 5 | ||
| 10 | Dêgê County | 德格县 | Dégé Xiàn | sde dge rdzong | 70,000 | 11,025 | 6 | ||
| 11 | Baiyü County Baiyü County Baiyü County is a county of far western Sichuan province in Southwest China, on the border with the Tibet Autonomous Region. It is under the administration of the Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.... |
白玉县 | Báiyù Xiàn | dpal yul rdzong | 40,000 | 10,386 | 4 | ||
| 12 | Sêrxü County Sêrxü County Sêrxü County , or Sershul, Dzachuka, Serxu, Shiqu, is a county of the Garzê Prefecture, in the Sichuan province, China.-Geography:Serxu District is situated at the northernmost tip of Sichuan province.... |
石渠县 | Shíqú Xiàn | ser shul rdzong | 60,000 | 24,944 | 2 | ||
| 13 | Sêrtar County Sêrtar County Sêrtar County is a county of Sichuan Province, China. It is under the administration of the Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.... |
色达县 | Sèdá Xiàn | gser thar rdzong | 40,000 | 9,332 | 4 | ||
| 14 | Litang County | 理塘县 | Lǐtáng Xiàn | li thang rdzong | 50,000 | 13,677 | 4 | ||
| 15 | Batang County Batang County Batang County is a county located in western Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China. Government address: Xiaqiong Town, Batang County, Ganzi, Sichuan 627650. Area code: 0836... |
巴塘县 | Bātáng Xiàn | 'ba' thang rdzong | 50,000 | 7,852 | 6 | ||
| 16 | Xiangcheng County | 乡城县 | Xiāngchéng Xiàn | phyag 'phreng rdzong | 30,000 | 5,016 | 6 | ||
| 17 | Daocheng County Daocheng County Daocheng County is a county of Sichuan Province, China. It is under the administration of the Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.... |
稻城县 | Dàochéng Xiàn | 'dab pa rdzong | 30,000 | 7,323 | 4 | ||
| 18 | Dêrong County Dêrong County Dêrong County is a county of Sichuan Province, China. It is under the administration of the Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.... |
得荣县 | Déróng Xiàn | sde rong rdzong | 20,000 | 2,916 | 7 |
Population
According to the census of 2000, Garzê had a population of 897,239 (population density: 5.94 people/km²).| nationality | population | proportion |
|---|---|---|
| Tibetans Tibetan people The Tibetan people are an ethnic group that is native to Tibet, which is mostly in the People's Republic of China. They number 5.4 million and are the 10th largest ethnic group in the country. Significant Tibetan minorities also live in India, Nepal, and Bhutan... |
703,168 | 78.37% |
| Han Chinese Han Chinese Han Chinese are an ethnic group native to China and are the largest single ethnic group in the world.Han Chinese constitute about 92% of the population of the People's Republic of China , 98% of the population of the Republic of China , 78% of the population of Singapore, and about 20% of the... |
163,648 | 18.24% |
| Yi Yi people The Yi or Lolo people are an ethnic group in China, Vietnam, and Thailand. Numbering 8 million, they are the seventh largest of the 55 ethnic minority groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China... |
22,946 | 2.56% |
| Qiang | 2,860 | 0.32% |
| Hui Hui people The Hui people are an ethnic group in China, defined as Chinese speaking people descended from foreign Muslims. They are typically distinguished by their practice of Islam, however some also practice other religions, and many are direct descendants of Silk Road travelers.In modern People's... |
2,190 | 0.24% |
| Naxi | 760 | 0.08% |
| Mongolian Mongols Mongols ) are a Central-East Asian ethnic group that lives mainly in the countries of Mongolia, China, and Russia. In China, ethnic Mongols can be found mainly in the central north region of China such as Inner Mongolia... s |
477 | 0.05% |
| Bai | 292 | 0.03% |
| others | 898 | 0.11% |
External links
- Official website of Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
- Travel information on Garzê TAP towns and villages : along the Northern and Southern Sichuan-Tibet Highways, Tagong (in between both highways), Daocheng and Yading (south of both highways)