Fred Quilt inquiry
Encyclopedia
The Fred Quilt Affair was a media scandal involving the November 28, 1971 beating death of Fred Quilt a leader of the Tsilhqot'in
First Nation at the hands of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP)
in the British Columbia Interior
. Later inquests into the beating would clear the RCMP but First Nations groups have consistently seen this as a cover up.
First Nation.
near Williams Lake
. Fred Quilt, who was 55 at the time of his arrest, was arrested on charges of drunk driving in 1971. RCMP constable Daryl Bakewell and Peter Eakins responded and found Fred Quilt along with three other members of his family in the pickup. The RCMP constables alleged that the four were, "extremely intoxicated" and that Fred Quilt had to be pulled from the truck where he fell to the ground. The two officers also claimed that Fred Quilt fell again as he was being taken to the police truck which the four were driven to the nearby Anahim Reserve
.
An inquiry was held in February 1972 which took place in the Kamloops courthouse. The Fred Quilt committee was represented by Harry Rankin
, a famous lawyer, activist and one-time Vancouver Alderman. Rankin would later be called before the BC Law Society for telling Native representatives that, the police didn't mind beating up an Indian, but they didn't like to get caught." Threatened with disbarment all charges were later dropped. The Inquest conclusion rejected claims of police brutality as the cause of death.
Second Inquiry
A second inquiry was ordered after Attorney General Leslie Peterson learned that some of the all white jury members (At the time 60% of population was First Nation) had close ties to the Williams Lake RCMP unit and that no First Nation witnesses were called. The jury for the second inquiry was made up of four men and two women, including two First Nation members. On Aug. 4, 1972, the jury returned with an open verdict, saying Quilt's "injury was caused by way of an unknown blunt force applied by an unknown object to his lower abdomen." The jury also ruled that the injury happened sometime between moving Quilt from the pickup into the police vehicle. The jury did not lay blame on anyone for Quilt's death.
Tsilhqot'in
The Tsilhqot'in are a Northern Athabaskan First Nations people that live in British Columbia, Canada...
First Nation at the hands of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP)
Royal Canadian Mounted Police
The Royal Canadian Mounted Police , literally ‘Royal Gendarmerie of Canada’; colloquially known as The Mounties, and internally as ‘The Force’) is the national police force of Canada, and one of the most recognized of its kind in the world. It is unique in the world as a national, federal,...
in the British Columbia Interior
British Columbia Interior
The British Columbia Interior or BC Interior or Interior of British Columbia, usually referred to only as the Interior, is one of the three main regions of the Canadian province of British Columbia, the other two being the Lower Mainland, which comprises the overlapping areas of Greater Vancouver...
. Later inquests into the beating would clear the RCMP but First Nations groups have consistently seen this as a cover up.
Fred Quilt
Born in 1916/17 Fred Quilt was a leader of the Tsilhqot'inTsilhqot'in
The Tsilhqot'in are a Northern Athabaskan First Nations people that live in British Columbia, Canada...
First Nation.
Incident
On November 28, 1971 the RCMP received a call about a pickup truck blocking a Highway 20 around Alexis CreekAlexis Creek
Alexis Creek is a creek in the Chilcotin District of British Columbia, Canada, flowing southeast from its source in Alexis Lake into the Chilcotin River a short distance upstream from the town of Alexis Creek.-Name origin:...
near Williams Lake
Williams Lake
Williams Lake is the name of several places:CanadaWilliams Lake is the name of several places:CanadaWilliams Lake is the name of several places:Canada:Cities and towns:...
. Fred Quilt, who was 55 at the time of his arrest, was arrested on charges of drunk driving in 1971. RCMP constable Daryl Bakewell and Peter Eakins responded and found Fred Quilt along with three other members of his family in the pickup. The RCMP constables alleged that the four were, "extremely intoxicated" and that Fred Quilt had to be pulled from the truck where he fell to the ground. The two officers also claimed that Fred Quilt fell again as he was being taken to the police truck which the four were driven to the nearby Anahim Reserve
Tl'etinqox-t'in Government Office
The Tl'etinqox-t'in Government Office is a First Nations government located in the Chilcotin District in the western Central Interior region of the Canadian province of British Columbia...
.
Death
Quilt complained of stomach pain but refused to ride in an ambulance to Williams Lake's Cariboo Memorial Hospital on November 29. He stayed on reserve another day before he was taken to Cariboo Memorial Hospital where he would die on Nov 30, 1971. Before his death he was able to tell a nurse at a the hospital that a RCMP officer jumped up and down on him. Quilt's wife, Christine and sister-in-law, Agnes, later confirmed his account. An autopsy performed by Han Choo Lee found that Quilt died from a peritonitis as a result of, "complete severance of the small bowel.Inquiries
First InquiryAn inquiry was held in February 1972 which took place in the Kamloops courthouse. The Fred Quilt committee was represented by Harry Rankin
Harry Rankin
Harry Rankin was a Vancouver lawyer and socialist alderman on city council.- Early Years:Rankin was born Harry Riffkin in Vancouver to a secular Jewish family which had immigrated from the Ukraine...
, a famous lawyer, activist and one-time Vancouver Alderman. Rankin would later be called before the BC Law Society for telling Native representatives that, the police didn't mind beating up an Indian, but they didn't like to get caught." Threatened with disbarment all charges were later dropped. The Inquest conclusion rejected claims of police brutality as the cause of death.
Second Inquiry
A second inquiry was ordered after Attorney General Leslie Peterson learned that some of the all white jury members (At the time 60% of population was First Nation) had close ties to the Williams Lake RCMP unit and that no First Nation witnesses were called. The jury for the second inquiry was made up of four men and two women, including two First Nation members. On Aug. 4, 1972, the jury returned with an open verdict, saying Quilt's "injury was caused by way of an unknown blunt force applied by an unknown object to his lower abdomen." The jury also ruled that the injury happened sometime between moving Quilt from the pickup into the police vehicle. The jury did not lay blame on anyone for Quilt's death.
Fred Quilt Committee
The Fred Quilt Committee was a group of activists fighting for Fred Quilt's case. They regarded Fred Quilt's death as the RCMP beating to death of a First Nation elder. After the Second Inquiry they voiced their disappointment of the verdict and released a statement that they would proceed with an attempt to start criminal charges against one of the RCMP members who were present at Fred Quilt's alleged beating. They also supported Fred Quilt's family after his death and attempted to raise money to buy his widow 20 head of cattle.External links
- July 1972 protest pamphlet calling for protest by the Fred Quilt Committee