Fort Thompson, South Dakota
Encyclopedia
Fort Thompson is a census-designated place
Census-designated place
A census-designated place is a concentration of population identified by the United States Census Bureau for statistical purposes. CDPs are delineated for each decennial census as the statistical counterparts of incorporated places such as cities, towns and villages...

 (CDP) in Buffalo County, South Dakota
South Dakota
South Dakota is a state located in the Midwestern region of the United States. It is named after the Lakota and Dakota Sioux American Indian tribes. Once a part of Dakota Territory, South Dakota became a state on November 2, 1889. The state has an area of and an estimated population of just over...

, United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

. The population was 1,282 at the 2010 census, making it the largest settlement on the Crow Creek Reservation
Crow Creek Reservation
The Crow Creek Indian Reservation is located in parts of Buffalo, Hughes, and Hyde counties on the east bank of the Missouri River in central South Dakota in the United States. It has a land area of 421.658 sq mi and a 2000 census population of 2,225 persons...

.

Geography

Fort Thompson is located at 44°3′39"N 99°25′45"W (44.060793, -99.429128).

According to the United States Census Bureau
United States Census Bureau
The United States Census Bureau is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census. It also gathers other national demographic and economic data...

, the CDP has a total area of 12.6 square miles (32.6 km²), of which 10.3 square miles (26.7 km²) is land and 2.3 square miles (6 km²) (17.98%) is water.

Demographics

As of the census
Census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...

of 2000, there were 1,375 people, 325 households, and 265 families residing in the CDP. The population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...

 was 133.5 people per square mile (51.5/km²). There were 355 housing units at an average density of 34.5 per square mile (13.3/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 2.62% White, 0.07% African American, 96.36% Native American, and 0.95% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.51% of the population.

There were 325 households out of which 52.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 28.0% were married couples
Marriage
Marriage is a social union or legal contract between people that creates kinship. It is an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually intimate and sexual, are acknowledged in a variety of ways, depending on the culture or subculture in which it is found...

 living together, 39.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.2% were non-families. 13.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 4.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.18 and the average family size was 4.54.

In the CDP the population was spread out with 45.0% under the age of 18, 11.5% from 18 to 24, 24.9% from 25 to 44, 14.0% from 45 to 64, and 4.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 20 years. For every 100 females there were 104.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.3 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $9,191, and the median income for a family was $9,191. Males had a median income of $19,375 versus $18,750 for females. The per capita income
Per capita income
Per capita income or income per person is a measure of mean income within an economic aggregate, such as a country or city. It is calculated by taking a measure of all sources of income in the aggregate and dividing it by the total population...

 for the CDP was $4,030. About 64.0% of families and 64.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 70.1% of those under age 18 and 58.1% of those age 65 or over.

Poverty

With such high rates of poverty, unemployment, and other negative social indicators, the situations found in the town and county are often compared to a third world nation. Accounts of the town report rundown neighborhoods with old newspapers, tin foil or old sheets covering windows of some homes. The latest census figures show that 21% of houses do not have a kitchen or plumbing. The housing stock is largely overcrowded, with cases of 15 to 20 people living in a modest house. 2000 census figures show that over 21% of houses are overcrowded. Another problem facing the residents of the town is that a quarter of the residents do not have an automobile and have to walk or bicycle very long distances in the low density area.
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