Fernando Chamorro Alfaro
Encyclopedia
Fernando Chamorro Alfaro (1824 – 21 July 1863) was a General and member of the governing junta of Nicaragua (1860–1863).
Fernando Chamorro
was a firm supporter of the Conservative Party, which was dominated during his youth by his half-brother and guardian, Fruto Chamorro
. When Fruto died in 1855, the Liberal Party attempted to take power and invited filibuster William Walker to support their cause. Civil war ensued. Fernando organized an army. As commanding general, he pledged his loyalty to the legitimate president José María Estrada
, then in exile in Honduras
. However, his forces were defeated in a battle with Walker's troops and they took refuge in Honduras.
Shortly thereafter, President Estrada returned from Honduras to Somotillo, Nicaragua where he installed his government. He immediately appointed Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Alfaro as General Minister and General Tomás Martínez
Guerrero as Commander of the Army. General Fernando and his men returned from Honduras to join the government of Estrada. Subsequently, the two factions united in oppositionto the Walker incursion, and General Fernando was able to concentrate on fighting Americans and not Nicaraguans. His disposition of forces resulted in a victory over the Americans at San Jacinto Hacienda.
In 1857, Walker was expelled. and two presidents, representing the Liberals and Conservatives, took office. General Martinez became the Conservative president and General Fernando Chamorro remained his loyal supporter.
When designated acting president during an absence of Martinez in 1860, he learned that William Walker had returned and was threatening Honduras. He published a proclamation which in part said: An enemy, the filibuster, comes to provide us the opportunity to prove to the entire world that we know how to defend our rights; the danger is also ours. The question is CentralAmerican. Walker was finally captured and killed in Honduras in 1860.
In 1863, Maximo Jerez attempted to overthrow President Martínez, and General Fernando Chamorro again fielded an army to defend him. But, he was assassinated on 21 July 1863 near Choluteca, Honduras.
Fernando Chamorro
Chamorro (family)
The Chamorro family has its origin in Spain. A branch of the family became prominent in Nicaragua in the 18th century and its influence continues to the present. Historically, the Chamorros have been closely associated with the Conservatives, but the Sandinista Revolution has divided their...
was a firm supporter of the Conservative Party, which was dominated during his youth by his half-brother and guardian, Fruto Chamorro
Fruto Chamorro
Fruto Chamorro Pérez was the 30th and 31st President of Nicaragua between 1 April 1853 and 30 April 1854 and between 30 April 1854 and 12 March 1855 now with the actual title of President, the first thirty being called Supreme Directors.Born in Guatemala City in 1804 to Bayardo Paez, he was...
. When Fruto died in 1855, the Liberal Party attempted to take power and invited filibuster William Walker to support their cause. Civil war ensued. Fernando organized an army. As commanding general, he pledged his loyalty to the legitimate president José María Estrada
José María Estrada
José María Estrada was the President of Nicaragua under Fruto Chamorro command to direct the war, from 12 March to 22 October 1855....
, then in exile in Honduras
Honduras
Honduras is a republic in Central America. It was previously known as Spanish Honduras to differentiate it from British Honduras, which became the modern-day state of Belize...
. However, his forces were defeated in a battle with Walker's troops and they took refuge in Honduras.
Tomás Martínez
Tomás Martínez Guerrero was the President of Nicaragua between 15 November 1857 and 1 March 1867. From 24 June 1857 to 19 October or 15 November 1857, he acted jointly as the 34th President in a dual Junta with the Liberal Máximo Jerez formed on 23 January.Born in Nagarote, he was put in power by...
Guerrero as Commander of the Army. General Fernando and his men returned from Honduras to join the government of Estrada. Subsequently, the two factions united in oppositionto the Walker incursion, and General Fernando was able to concentrate on fighting Americans and not Nicaraguans. His disposition of forces resulted in a victory over the Americans at San Jacinto Hacienda.
In 1857, Walker was expelled. and two presidents, representing the Liberals and Conservatives, took office. General Martinez became the Conservative president and General Fernando Chamorro remained his loyal supporter.
When designated acting president during an absence of Martinez in 1860, he learned that William Walker had returned and was threatening Honduras. He published a proclamation which in part said: An enemy, the filibuster, comes to provide us the opportunity to prove to the entire world that we know how to defend our rights; the danger is also ours. The question is CentralAmerican. Walker was finally captured and killed in Honduras in 1860.
In 1863, Maximo Jerez attempted to overthrow President Martínez, and General Fernando Chamorro again fielded an army to defend him. But, he was assassinated on 21 July 1863 near Choluteca, Honduras.