FNAEG
Encyclopedia
The Fichier National Automatisé des Empreintes Génétiques (Automated National File of Genetic Prints) is the French national DNA
database
, used by both the national police force and local gendarmerie.
on the prevention of sexually-related crimes, passed by the Plural Left Lionel Jospin
government, created a national DNA database. The implementation, originally planned for 1999, was finally completed in 2001, with the database itself located at Écully
in the Rhône
, managed by a subdirectorate of the technical and scientific departments of the French police force.
In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks on the USA in 2001, the French government increased the scope of the database to include DNA related to other serious criminal offences, such as voluntary manslaughter, criminal violence and terrorism.
A further 'law for interior safety' introduced by Nicolas Sarkozy
on March 18, 2003 expanded the scope still further to cover almost all violent crimes to people or property, serious crimes such as drug trafficking, simple thefts, tags and dégradations, and finely almost all small offenses, but not traffic offenses or crimes committed abroad. Tackings is done for convicted person and simple suspect. The law doesn't expect minimal age.
In septembre 2009, Matthieu Bonduelle, the general secretary of the Syndicat de la magistrature (the first syndicat of juges) has declare that « nobody has pronouced himself in aid of a global filing, but, in fact, it is being doing. ».
s.
At the end of 2006, the media raised the case of individuals refusing to provide DNA samples. Many of them were civil disobedience
activists opposed to Genetically modified organism
(GMO) (See fr:Faucheurs volontaires). Although this was only around 200 cases, they denounced what they regarded as the threat to personal freedom.
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms . The DNA segments that carry this genetic information are called genes, but other DNA sequences have structural purposes, or are involved in...
database
Government database
Government databases collect personal information for various reasons .-Canada:...
, used by both the national police force and local gendarmerie.
Origins and evolution
In 1996 Alain Marsaud, the former chief of the French central antiterrorist service, proposed the creation of a central DNA database. The following year, a bill was filed relating to the implementation of a national database for identification of child sex offenders. In June 1998, the Guigou lawÉlisabeth Guigou
Élisabeth Guigou is a French Socialist politician.-Biography:After attending ENA, France's elite graduate school of public affairs, she worked on Jacques Delors' staff in 1982 before being hired by Hubert Védrine in François Mitterrand's...
on the prevention of sexually-related crimes, passed by the Plural Left Lionel Jospin
Lionel Jospin
Lionel Jospin is a French politician, who served as Prime Minister of France from 1997 to 2002.Jospin was the Socialist Party candidate for President of France in the elections of 1995 and 2002. He was narrowly defeated in the final runoff election by Jacques Chirac in 1995...
government, created a national DNA database. The implementation, originally planned for 1999, was finally completed in 2001, with the database itself located at Écully
Écully
Écully is a commune in the Rhône department in eastern France.Just west of Lyon, Écully is the location of the Paul Bocuse Institute.It is also the location of many higher education institutions, including Ecole de Management de Lyon and Ecole Centrale de Lyon.-References:*...
in the Rhône
Rhône
Rhone can refer to:* Rhone, one of the major rivers of Europe, running through Switzerland and France* Rhône Glacier, the source of the Rhone River and one of the primary contributors to Lake Geneva in the far eastern end of the canton of Valais in Switzerland...
, managed by a subdirectorate of the technical and scientific departments of the French police force.
In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks on the USA in 2001, the French government increased the scope of the database to include DNA related to other serious criminal offences, such as voluntary manslaughter, criminal violence and terrorism.
A further 'law for interior safety' introduced by Nicolas Sarkozy
Nicolas Sarkozy
Nicolas Sarkozy is the 23rd and current President of the French Republic and ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra. He assumed the office on 16 May 2007 after defeating the Socialist Party candidate Ségolène Royal 10 days earlier....
on March 18, 2003 expanded the scope still further to cover almost all violent crimes to people or property, serious crimes such as drug trafficking, simple thefts, tags and dégradations, and finely almost all small offenses, but not traffic offenses or crimes committed abroad. Tackings is done for convicted person and simple suspect. The law doesn't expect minimal age.
In septembre 2009, Matthieu Bonduelle, the general secretary of the Syndicat de la magistrature (the first syndicat of juges) has declare that « nobody has pronouced himself in aid of a global filing, but, in fact, it is being doing. ».
Relative size
- As at October 1, 2003, FNAEG was understood to contain the DNA records of approximately 8,000 convicted criminals and another 3,200 suspects.
- In 2006, this number was believed to now be in excess of 330,000 entries.
- In May 2007, this number was believed to now be in excess of nearly 500,000 entries .
- In december 2009, there is 1.27 million entries.
Privacy concerns
With the expansion of the database in 2003, it also became an offense for suspects to fail to provide a DNA sample, with punishment ranging from a prison sentence of between six months and two years, and a fine of between 7,500 and 30,000 euroEuro
The euro is the official currency of the eurozone: 17 of the 27 member states of the European Union. It is also the currency used by the Institutions of the European Union. The eurozone consists of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,...
s.
At the end of 2006, the media raised the case of individuals refusing to provide DNA samples. Many of them were civil disobedience
Civil disobedience
Civil disobedience is the active, professed refusal to obey certain laws, demands, and commands of a government, or of an occupying international power. Civil disobedience is commonly, though not always, defined as being nonviolent resistance. It is one form of civil resistance...
activists opposed to Genetically modified organism
Genetically modified organism
A genetically modified organism or genetically engineered organism is an organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques. These techniques, generally known as recombinant DNA technology, use DNA molecules from different sources, which are combined into one...
(GMO) (See fr:Faucheurs volontaires). Although this was only around 200 cases, they denounced what they regarded as the threat to personal freedom.