Ettore Fieramosca
Encyclopedia
Ettore Fieramosca or Ferramosca (Capua
Capua
Capua is a city and comune in the province of Caserta, Campania, southern Italy, situated 25 km north of Naples, on the northeastern edge of the Campanian plain. Ancient Capua was situated where Santa Maria Capua Vetere is now...

, 1476 – Valladolid
Valladolid
Valladolid is a historic city and municipality in north-central Spain, situated at the confluence of the Pisuerga and Esgueva rivers, and located within three wine-making regions: Ribera del Duero, Rueda and Cigales...

, 20 January 1515) was an Italian condottiero and nobleman during the Italian Wars
Italian Wars
The Italian Wars, often referred to as the Great Italian Wars or the Great Wars of Italy and sometimes as the Habsburg–Valois Wars, were a series of conflicts from 1494 to 1559 that involved, at various times, most of the city-states of Italy, the Papal States, most of the major states of Western...

. His father was Rainaldo, baron of Rocca d'Evandro
Rocca d'Evandro
Rocca d'Evandro is a comune in the Province of Caserta in the Italian region Campania, located about 70 km northwest of Naples and about 50 km northwest of Caserta.-History:...

, and it is thought that his mother was a noble woman from the Gaetani
Gaetani
-Individuals:*Benedetto Gaetani, Roman Catholic priest better known as Pope Boniface VIII*Filippo Gaetani , American musician*Jan de Gaetani , American singer-Groups of people:*Inhabitants of the Italian city of Gaeta...

 family of Aragon
Crown of Aragon
The Crown of Aragon Corona d'Aragón Corona d'Aragó Corona Aragonum controlling a large portion of the present-day eastern Spain and southeastern France, as well as some of the major islands and mainland possessions stretching across the Mediterranean as far as Greece...

.

Ettore served as a page to Ferdinand I of Naples
Ferdinand I of Naples
Ferdinand I , also called Don Ferrante, was the King of Naples from 1458 to 1494. He was the natural son of Alfonso V of Aragon by Giraldona Carlino.-Biography:...

 and later became a condottiero for Ferdinand II
Ferdinand II of Naples
Ferdinand II or Ferrante II of Naples , sometimes known as Ferrandino, was King of Naples from 1495 to 1496...

. As such he fought against Charles VIII of France
Charles VIII of France
Charles VIII, called the Affable, , was King of France from 1483 to his death in 1498. Charles was a member of the House of Valois...

 in 1493, during the French invasion of Italy
First Italian War
The First Italian War , sometimes referred to as the Italian War of 1494 or Charles VIII's Italian War, was the opening phase of the Italian Wars...

. He continued to serve Frederick IV
Frederick IV of Naples
Frederick IV , sometimes known as Frederick I or Federico d'Aragona, was the last King of Naples of the House of Trastámara, ruling from 1496 to 1501...

 against the kings of France and Spain, but after Frederick's defeat in 1501, he turned to serve Prospero Colonna
Prospero Colonna
Prospero Colonna , sometimes referred to as Prosper Colonna, was an Italian condottiero in the service of the Papal States and the Holy Roman Empire during the Italian Wars.-Biography:...

 against France and Spain. In 1503 he led thirteen Italian knights to victory over thirteen French in the Challenge of Barletta
Challenge of Barletta
The Challenge of Barletta was a battle fought in the country of Trani near Barletta, southern Italy, on 13 February 1503, on the plains between Corato and Andria....

 (Disfida di Barletta). Later he served Ferdinand the Catholic, king of Spain, who made him count of Miglionico
Miglionico
Miglionico is a town and comune in the province of Matera, in Basilicata, southern Italy.Miglionico was also used by kings and queens to show royalty, the last name is considered good luck by many in Italy.-Main sights:...

. Because he was stripped of some of his fief, he fought once more against Spain and France under the Republic of Venice
Republic of Venice
The Republic of Venice or Venetian Republic was a state originating from the city of Venice in Northeastern Italy. It existed for over a millennium, from the late 7th century until 1797. It was formally known as the Most Serene Republic of Venice and is often referred to as La Serenissima, in...

 and Fabrizio Colonna
Fabrizio Colonna
Fabrizio Colonna was an Italian condottiero, a member of the powerful Colonna family. He was the son of Edoardo Colonna and Filippa Conti....

. In 1512 he fought at the Battle of Ravenna
Battle of Ravenna (1512)
The Battle of Ravenna, fought on 11 April 1512, by forces of the Holy League and France, was a major battle of the War of the League of Cambrai in the Italian Wars...

. Reconciled with Ferdinand, he died in Spain in 1515.

During the Risorgimento and the rise of Fascism
Fascism
Fascism is a radical authoritarian nationalist political ideology. Fascists seek to rejuvenate their nation based on commitment to the national community as an organic entity, in which individuals are bound together in national identity by suprapersonal connections of ancestry, culture, and blood...

, he was presented as a national hero and became the subject of national celebretions. Massimo D'Azeglio published Ettore Fieramosca in 1833 to honor him. In 1915 and in 1938 he was the main subject of two Italian movies, both named Ettore Fieramosca. The submarine Ettore Fieramosca
Italian submarine Ettore Fieramosca
The Ettore Fieramosca was an Italian submarine which served with the Regia Marina in World War II. She was named after Ettore Fieramosca an Italian condottiero of the 16th Century.-Design:...

, which served in the fascist Royal Italian Navy during the Second World War, was named after him.
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