Enzyme-linked receptor
Encyclopedia
An enzyme-linked receptor is a transmembrane receptor, where the binding of an extracellular ligand
causes enzymatic activity on the intracellular side.
These are found in all living species.
They have two important domains, an extra-cellular ligand binding domain and an intracellular domain, which has a Catalytic function; and a transmembrane helix.
The signaling molecule binds to the receptor outside of the cell and causes a conformational change on the Catalytic function located on the receptor inside of the cell.
Examples of the enzymatic activity include:
Ligand
In coordination chemistry, a ligand is an ion or molecule that binds to a central metal atom to form a coordination complex. The bonding between metal and ligand generally involves formal donation of one or more of the ligand's electron pairs. The nature of metal-ligand bonding can range from...
causes enzymatic activity on the intracellular side.
These are found in all living species.
They have two important domains, an extra-cellular ligand binding domain and an intracellular domain, which has a Catalytic function; and a transmembrane helix.
The signaling molecule binds to the receptor outside of the cell and causes a conformational change on the Catalytic function located on the receptor inside of the cell.
Examples of the enzymatic activity include:
- Receptor tyrosine kinaseReceptor tyrosine kinaseReceptor tyrosine kinases s are the high-affinity cell surface receptors for many polypeptide growth factors, cytokines, and hormones. Of the 90 unique tyrosine kinase genes identified in the human genome, 58 encode receptor tyrosine kinase proteins....
, as in fibroblast growth factor receptorFibroblast growth factor receptorThe fibroblast growth factor receptors are, as their name implies, receptors that bind to members of the fibroblast growth factor family of proteins. Some of these receptors are involved in pathological conditions...
. Most enzyme-linked receptors are of this type. - Serine/threonine-specific protein kinaseSerine/threonine-specific protein kinaseSerine/threonine protein kinases phosphorylate the OH group of serine or threonine .At least 125 of the 500+ human protein kinases are serine/threonine kinases .-Regulation:...
, as in bone morphogenetic proteinBone morphogenetic proteinBone morphogenetic proteins are a group of growth factors also known as cytokines and as metabologens . Originally discovered by their ability to induce the formation of bone and cartilage, BMPs are now considered to constitute a group of pivotal morphogenetic signals, orchestrating tissue... - Guanylate cyclaseGuanylate cyclase-Reaction:Guanylate cyclase catalyzes the reaction of guanosine triphosphate to 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate and pyrophosphate:-Types:...
, as in atrial natriuretic factor receptor