Ennominae
Encyclopedia
Ennominae is the largest subfamily of the geometer moth
family
(Geometridae) with some 9,700 described species in 1,100 genera. They are usually fairly small moth species, though some (such as the Peppered Moth
) grow considerably larger. This subfamily has a global distribution. It includes some species that are notorious defoliating pests.
The status of several tribes
is debated. For example, the Boarmiini
are sometimes massively expanded to include the Bistonini
, Bupalini, Erannini, Gnophini, Melanolophini, Phaseliini and Theriini. The Nacophorini
and perhaps the Campaeini might need to be merged with the Lithinini, and all three might warrant merging into the Ennomini
. The group sometimes separated as Cassymini is tentatively included in the Abraxini
here. The Alsophilinae
, usually treated as a small subfamily in their own right, might simply be a specialized lineage of Boarmiini.
Tribe Bupalini
Tribe Caberini
Tribe Campaeini
Tribe Colotoini
Tribe Erannini
Tribe Gnophini
Tribe Gonodontini
have hitherto not been definitely assigned to a tribe
. These include:
Geometer moth
The geometer moths or Geometridae are a family of the order Lepidoptera...
family
Family (biology)
In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...
(Geometridae) with some 9,700 described species in 1,100 genera. They are usually fairly small moth species, though some (such as the Peppered Moth
Peppered moth
The peppered moth is a temperate species of night-flying moth. Peppered moth evolution is often used by educators as an example of natural selection.- Distribution :...
) grow considerably larger. This subfamily has a global distribution. It includes some species that are notorious defoliating pests.
The status of several tribes
Tribe (biology)
In biology, a tribe is a taxonomic rank between family and genus. It is sometimes subdivided into subtribes.Some examples include the tribes: Canini, Acalypheae, Hominini, Bombini, and Antidesmeae.-See also:* Biological classification* Rank...
is debated. For example, the Boarmiini
Boarmiini
The Boarmiini are a large tribe of geometer moths in the Ennominae subfamily.-Description and systematics:...
are sometimes massively expanded to include the Bistonini
Bistonini
The Bistonini are a tribe of geometer moths in subfamily the Ennominae. As numerous ennomine genera have not yet been assigned to a tribe, the genus list is preliminary. In addition, the entire tribe is sometimes merged into a much-expanded Boarmiini...
, Bupalini, Erannini, Gnophini, Melanolophini, Phaseliini and Theriini. The Nacophorini
Nacophorini
The Nacophorini are one of the smaller tribes of geometer moths in the subfamily Ennominae. They are the most diverse Ennominae of Australia and are widespread in the Americas...
and perhaps the Campaeini might need to be merged with the Lithinini, and all three might warrant merging into the Ennomini
Ennomini
The Ennomini are a tribe of geometer moths in the Ennominae subfamily. They are large-bodied and rather nondescript Ennominae, overall showing many similarities to the closely related Azelinini and Nacophorini....
. The group sometimes separated as Cassymini is tentatively included in the Abraxini
Abraxini
The Abraxini are a tribe of geometer moths in the subfamily Ennominae. Here, the Cassymini are considered a specialized offshoot of the Abraxini and merged therein; some authors consider them a distinct tribe however.-Genera:...
here. The Alsophilinae
Alsophilinae
Alsophilinae is a subfamily of the moth family Geometridae, consisting of two genera, Alsophila and Inurois....
, usually treated as a small subfamily in their own right, might simply be a specialized lineage of Boarmiini.
Selected genera
Tribe Baptini- LomographaLomographaLomographa is a genus of moth in the family Geometridae.Species include:* Lomographa araeophragma * Lomographa buraetica * Lomographa bimaculata – White-pinion Spotted...
Tribe Bupalini
- BupalusBupalus (moth)Bupalus is a genus of moth in the family Geometridae.-Selected species:* Bupalus piniaria – Bordered White* Bupalus vestalis Staudinger, 1897-References:* *...
Tribe Caberini
- CaberaCaberaCabera is a genus of moth in the family Geometridae.-Selected species:* Cabera borealis – Boreal Cream * Cabera candidaria * Cabera erythemaria – Yellow-Dusted Cream Guenée, 1857...
Tribe Campaeini
- CampaeaCampaeaCampaea is a genus of moth in the family Geometridae.-Selected species:* Campaea honoraria – Embellished Thorn * Campaea margaritata – Light Emerald...
Tribe Colotoini
- ColotoisColotoisColotois is a genus of moth in the family Geometridae.-Selected species:* Colotois pennaria – Feathered Thorn -References:* *...
Tribe Erannini
- ErannisErannisErannis is a geometer moth genus of the subfamily Ennominae. It is placed by some entomologists in the tribe Erannini as the type genus, but others merge this group into the tribe Boarmiini or Bistonini....
Tribe Gnophini
- CharissaCharissaCharissa is a genus of moth in the family Geometridae.-Species:* Charissa adjectaria Staudinger, 1897* Charissa ambiguata * Charissa annubilata Christoph, 1885* Charissa anthina Wehrli, 1953...
- GnophosGnophosGnophos is a genus in the geometer moth family . A mostly Old World lineage, it is abundant in the Palearctic, with some North American species as well; in Europe 6 species are recorded...
Tribe Gonodontini
- AethiopodesAethiopodesAethiopodes is a genus in the geometer moth family . Sometimes included in Odontopera, other authors treat it as distinct...
(sometimes in Odontopera) - OdontoperaOdontoperaOdontopera is a genus of moth in the family Geometridae.Aethiopodes is sometimes also included here.-References:*...
Genera incertae sedis
Numerous generaGenus
In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
have hitherto not been definitely assigned to a tribe
Tribe (biology)
In biology, a tribe is a taxonomic rank between family and genus. It is sometimes subdivided into subtribes.Some examples include the tribes: Canini, Acalypheae, Hominini, Bombini, and Antidesmeae.-See also:* Biological classification* Rank...
. These include: