English, Indiana
Encyclopedia
English is a town in and the county seat
of Sterling Township
, Crawford County
, Indiana
, United States
. The population was 645 at the 2010 census, making it one of Indiana's smallest county seats.
According to the United States Census Bureau
, the town has a total area of 3 square miles (7.8 km²), all of it land.
The town historically was located at the confluence of two small rivers, Bird Dog Creek and Brownstown Creek, with the Blue River, Indiana, before the town's relocation.
of 2000, there were 673 people, 294 households, and 171 families residing in the town. The population density
was 220.5 people per square mile (85.2/km²). There were 341 housing units at an average density of 111.7 per square mile (43.2/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 98.66% White, 1.19% Native American, 0.15% from other races
. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.59% of the population.
There were 294 households out of which 28.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.9% were married couples
living together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.8% were non-families. 38.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 20.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.99.
In the town the population was spread out with 24.4% under the age of 18, 9.5% from 18 to 24, 26.6% from 25 to 44, 22.4% from 45 to 64, and 17.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 83.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.1 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $20,870, and the median income for a family was $27,708. Males had a median income of $25,000 versus $18,971 for females. The per capita income
for the town was $11,065. About 24.0% of families and 33.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 54.9% of those under age 18 and 25.2% of those age 65 or over.
, an Indiana politician of the day. In 1896, the county seat of Crawford County
was relocated from Leavenworth
to English.
From 1959 to 1990, English suffered six floods. The town council decided that the only solution to the flooding problem was to move the town. 160 acre (0.6474976 km²) of high ground were purchased, a partnership was formed with Lincoln Hills Development Corporation, and the entire town was relocated. This was the second-largest relocation of an entire town in U.S. history.
County seat
A county seat is an administrative center, or seat of government, for a county or civil parish. The term is primarily used in the United States....
of Sterling Township
Sterling Township, Crawford County, Indiana
Sterling Township is one of nine townships in Crawford County, Indiana. As of the 2000 census, its population was 1,668.-Geography:Sterling Township covers an area of ; of this is water...
, Crawford County
Crawford County, Indiana
Crawford County is a county located in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2010, the population was 10,713. The county seat is English.-Geography:...
, Indiana
Indiana
Indiana is a US state, admitted to the United States as the 19th on December 11, 1816. It is located in the Midwestern United States and Great Lakes Region. With 6,483,802 residents, the state is ranked 15th in population and 16th in population density. Indiana is ranked 38th in land area and is...
, United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
. The population was 645 at the 2010 census, making it one of Indiana's smallest county seats.
Geography
English is located at 38°20′8"N 86°27′38"W (38.335626, -86.460564).According to the United States Census Bureau
United States Census Bureau
The United States Census Bureau is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census. It also gathers other national demographic and economic data...
, the town has a total area of 3 square miles (7.8 km²), all of it land.
The town historically was located at the confluence of two small rivers, Bird Dog Creek and Brownstown Creek, with the Blue River, Indiana, before the town's relocation.
Demographics
As of the censusCensus
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
of 2000, there were 673 people, 294 households, and 171 families residing in the town. The population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...
was 220.5 people per square mile (85.2/km²). There were 341 housing units at an average density of 111.7 per square mile (43.2/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 98.66% White, 1.19% Native American, 0.15% from other races
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...
. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.59% of the population.
There were 294 households out of which 28.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.9% were married couples
Marriage
Marriage is a social union or legal contract between people that creates kinship. It is an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually intimate and sexual, are acknowledged in a variety of ways, depending on the culture or subculture in which it is found...
living together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.8% were non-families. 38.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 20.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.99.
In the town the population was spread out with 24.4% under the age of 18, 9.5% from 18 to 24, 26.6% from 25 to 44, 22.4% from 45 to 64, and 17.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 83.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.1 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $20,870, and the median income for a family was $27,708. Males had a median income of $25,000 versus $18,971 for females. The per capita income
Per capita income
Per capita income or income per person is a measure of mean income within an economic aggregate, such as a country or city. It is calculated by taking a measure of all sources of income in the aggregate and dividing it by the total population...
for the town was $11,065. About 24.0% of families and 33.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 54.9% of those under age 18 and 25.2% of those age 65 or over.
History
Original name: Hartford - founded in 1829, when the town incorporated in 1884 it was re-named English for William Hayden EnglishWilliam Hayden English
William Hayden English was an American politician from Indiana.William English was most famous for his role in the passage of the infamous, pro-slavery Lecompton Constitution of Kansas in the U.S. House of Representatives in 1858...
, an Indiana politician of the day. In 1896, the county seat of Crawford County
Crawford County, Indiana
Crawford County is a county located in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2010, the population was 10,713. The county seat is English.-Geography:...
was relocated from Leavenworth
Leavenworth, Indiana
Leavenworth is a town in Jennings Township, Crawford County, Indiana, along the Ohio River. The population was 238 at the 2010 census.- Foundation and early settlement :...
to English.
From 1959 to 1990, English suffered six floods. The town council decided that the only solution to the flooding problem was to move the town. 160 acre (0.6474976 km²) of high ground were purchased, a partnership was formed with Lincoln Hills Development Corporation, and the entire town was relocated. This was the second-largest relocation of an entire town in U.S. history.