Energy analyser
Encyclopedia
An instrument for measuring various parameters of an electrical power distribution system is often called an energy analyser. The term is also used for computer software
for analysing the use of electrical or other energy
use, for example determining how electrical power is consumed in a building with a view to reducing waste, calculate loads and costs associated with air conditioning, heating, and on-site power generation .
An electrical energy analyser might measure for single- and three-phase systems volt
s RMS
, amp
s RMS, power factor
, instantaneous power
in watt
s (W), instantaneous volt-ampere
s (VA), reactive volt-amperes (VAr), frequency
(Hz), average and maximum powers (W), harmonic distortion, energy in watt-hour
s (Wh), reactive volt-ampere-hours (VArh), and phase angle
s. Power- and energy-related parameters tend to be stated in kilowatts rather than watts—kW, kVA, kVAr, kWh, kVArh. For non-sinusoidal periodic waveforms, some instruments can measure harmonic
s. The instrument, in addition to displaying values, may print or store them, network
with other similar instruments at different locations, interact with computer software
, etc.
The term is also used for a quite different electrostatic analyzer
or electrostatic energy analyzer, an instrument used in ion optics
that employs an electric field
to allow the passage of only those ions or electrons that have a given specific energy
.
Computer software
Computer software, or just software, is a collection of computer programs and related data that provide the instructions for telling a computer what to do and how to do it....
for analysing the use of electrical or other energy
Energy
In physics, energy is an indirectly observed quantity. It is often understood as the ability a physical system has to do work on other physical systems...
use, for example determining how electrical power is consumed in a building with a view to reducing waste, calculate loads and costs associated with air conditioning, heating, and on-site power generation .
An electrical energy analyser might measure for single- and three-phase systems volt
Volt
The volt is the SI derived unit for electric potential, electric potential difference, and electromotive force. The volt is named in honor of the Italian physicist Alessandro Volta , who invented the voltaic pile, possibly the first chemical battery.- Definition :A single volt is defined as the...
s RMS
Root mean square
In mathematics, the root mean square , also known as the quadratic mean, is a statistical measure of the magnitude of a varying quantity. It is especially useful when variates are positive and negative, e.g., sinusoids...
, amp
Ampere
The ampere , often shortened to amp, is the SI unit of electric current and is one of the seven SI base units. It is named after André-Marie Ampère , French mathematician and physicist, considered the father of electrodynamics...
s RMS, power factor
Power factor
The power factor of an AC electric power system is defined as the ratio of the real power flowing to the load over the apparent power in the circuit, and is a dimensionless number between 0 and 1 . Real power is the capacity of the circuit for performing work in a particular time...
, instantaneous power
Power (physics)
In physics, power is the rate at which energy is transferred, used, or transformed. For example, the rate at which a light bulb transforms electrical energy into heat and light is measured in watts—the more wattage, the more power, or equivalently the more electrical energy is used per unit...
in watt
Watt
The watt is a derived unit of power in the International System of Units , named after the Scottish engineer James Watt . The unit, defined as one joule per second, measures the rate of energy conversion.-Definition:...
s (W), instantaneous volt-ampere
Volt-ampere
A volt-ampere is the unit used for the apparent power in an electrical circuit, equal to the product of root-mean-square voltage and RMS current. In direct current circuits, this product is equal to the real power in watts...
s (VA), reactive volt-amperes (VAr), frequency
Frequency
Frequency is the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit time. It is also referred to as temporal frequency.The period is the duration of one cycle in a repeating event, so the period is the reciprocal of the frequency...
(Hz), average and maximum powers (W), harmonic distortion, energy in watt-hour
Watt-hour
The kilowatt hour, or kilowatt-hour, is a unit of energy equal to 1000 watt hours or 3.6 megajoules.For constant power, energy in watt hours is the product of power in watts and time in hours...
s (Wh), reactive volt-ampere-hours (VArh), and phase angle
Phase angle
In the context of vectors and phasors, the term phase angle refers to the angular component of the polar coordinate representation. The notation A\ang \!\ \theta, for a vector with magnitude A and phase angle θ, is called angle notation.In the context of periodic phenomena, such as a wave,...
s. Power- and energy-related parameters tend to be stated in kilowatts rather than watts—kW, kVA, kVAr, kWh, kVArh. For non-sinusoidal periodic waveforms, some instruments can measure harmonic
Harmonic
A harmonic of a wave is a component frequency of the signal that is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency, i.e. if the fundamental frequency is f, the harmonics have frequencies 2f, 3f, 4f, . . . etc. The harmonics have the property that they are all periodic at the fundamental...
s. The instrument, in addition to displaying values, may print or store them, network
Computer network
A computer network, often simply referred to as a network, is a collection of hardware components and computers interconnected by communication channels that allow sharing of resources and information....
with other similar instruments at different locations, interact with computer software
Computer software
Computer software, or just software, is a collection of computer programs and related data that provide the instructions for telling a computer what to do and how to do it....
, etc.
The term is also used for a quite different electrostatic analyzer
Electrostatic analyzer
An electrostatic analyzer or ESA is an instrument used in ion optics that employs an electric field to allow the passage of only those ions or electrons that have a given specific energy. It usually also focuses these particles into a smaller area...
or electrostatic energy analyzer, an instrument used in ion optics
Ion optics
Ion optics involves the focusing of plasmas and ion streams, usually in mass spectrometry.-Electric field manipulation:* Electrostatic lens** Einzel lens* Electrostatic analyzer...
that employs an electric field
Electric field
In physics, an electric field surrounds electrically charged particles and time-varying magnetic fields. The electric field depicts the force exerted on other electrically charged objects by the electrically charged particle the field is surrounding...
to allow the passage of only those ions or electrons that have a given specific energy
Energy
In physics, energy is an indirectly observed quantity. It is often understood as the ability a physical system has to do work on other physical systems...
.