Emerich Ullmann
Encyclopedia
Emerich Ullmann was an Austrian surgeon
who was a native of Pécs
.
In 1884 he received his doctorate in Vienna
, and afterwards worked in the surgical department of Theodor Billroth
(1829–1894). He briefly was an assistant to Louis Pasteur
(1822–1895) in Paris
, where he was involved with research of antisera against rabies
. In 1885 he returned to the University of Vienna
at the First Department of Surgery.
Ullmann was a pioneer concerning renal transplantation. In 1902 he performed the first successful renal autotransplantation
in a dog. Reportedly, the kidney
remained functional for five days. Soon afterwards, he was unsuccessful in trying the first renal xenotransplantation
(cross-species transplant) between a goat and a dog. Following an unsuccessful attempt to transplant a pig's kidney into a human patient who was in the final stage of renal disease, he stopped research of kidney transplantation. Ullmann also conducted research involving tissue
and other organ transplants.
Surgeon
In medicine, a surgeon is a specialist in surgery. Surgery is a broad category of invasive medical treatment that involves the cutting of a body, whether human or animal, for a specific reason such as the removal of diseased tissue or to repair a tear or breakage...
who was a native of Pécs
Pécs
Pécs is the fifth largest city of Hungary, located on the slopes of the Mecsek mountains in the south-west of the country, close to its border with Croatia. It is the administrative and economical centre of Baranya county...
.
In 1884 he received his doctorate in Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
, and afterwards worked in the surgical department of Theodor Billroth
Theodor Billroth
Christian Albert Theodor Billroth was a German-born Austrian surgeon and amateur musician....
(1829–1894). He briefly was an assistant to Louis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur was a French chemist and microbiologist born in Dole. He is remembered for his remarkable breakthroughs in the causes and preventions of diseases. His discoveries reduced mortality from puerperal fever, and he created the first vaccine for rabies and anthrax. His experiments...
(1822–1895) in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
, where he was involved with research of antisera against rabies
Rabies
Rabies is a viral disease that causes acute encephalitis in warm-blooded animals. It is zoonotic , most commonly by a bite from an infected animal. For a human, rabies is almost invariably fatal if post-exposure prophylaxis is not administered prior to the onset of severe symptoms...
. In 1885 he returned to the University of Vienna
University of Vienna
The University of Vienna is a public university located in Vienna, Austria. It was founded by Duke Rudolph IV in 1365 and is the oldest university in the German-speaking world...
at the First Department of Surgery.
Ullmann was a pioneer concerning renal transplantation. In 1902 he performed the first successful renal autotransplantation
Autotransplantation
Autotransplantation is the transplantation of organs, tissues or even proteins from one part of the body to another in the same individual. Tissue transplanted by such "autologous" procedure is referred to as an autograft or autotransplant. It is contrasted with xenotransplantation and...
in a dog. Reportedly, the kidney
Kidney
The kidneys, organs with several functions, serve essential regulatory roles in most animals, including vertebrates and some invertebrates. They are essential in the urinary system and also serve homeostatic functions such as the regulation of electrolytes, maintenance of acid–base balance, and...
remained functional for five days. Soon afterwards, he was unsuccessful in trying the first renal xenotransplantation
Xenotransplantation
Xenotransplantation , is the transplantation of living cells, tissues or organs from one species to another. Such cells, tissues or organs are called xenografts or xenotransplants...
(cross-species transplant) between a goat and a dog. Following an unsuccessful attempt to transplant a pig's kidney into a human patient who was in the final stage of renal disease, he stopped research of kidney transplantation. Ullmann also conducted research involving tissue
Tissue (biology)
Tissue is a cellular organizational level intermediate between cells and a complete organism. A tissue is an ensemble of cells, not necessarily identical, but from the same origin, that together carry out a specific function. These are called tissues because of their identical functioning...
and other organ transplants.
- Associated eponyms:
- Ullmann's line: The line of displacement in spondylolisthesisSpondylolisthesisSpondylolisthesis describes the anterior or posterior displacement of a vertebra or the vertebral column in relation to the vertebrae below. It was first described in 1782 by Belgian obstetrician, Dr. Herbinaux. He reported a bony prominence anterior to the sacrum that obstructed the vagina of a...
. - Ullmann's syndrome: A systemic angiomatosisAngiomatosisAngiomatosis is a non-neoplastic condition presenting with little knots of capillaries in various organs. It consists of many angiomas. It is also known as Von Hippel-Lindau Disease and is a rare genetic multi system disorder characterized by the abnormal growth of tumours in the body...
due to multiple arteriovenous malformationArteriovenous malformationArteriovenous malformation or AVM is an abnormal connection between veins and arteries, usually congenital. This pathology is widely known because of its occurrence in the central nervous system, but can appear in any location. An arteriovenous malformation is a vascular anomaly. It is a...
s.