Earl of Cardigan
Encyclopedia
Earl of Cardigan is a title in the Peerage of England
, currently held by the Marquesses of Ailesbury
, and used as a courtesy title
by the heir apparent
to that Marquessate, currently David Brudenell-Bruce
, son of the 8th Marquess.
in the County of Northampton
". On 26 February 1628, he was raised to the Peerage of England
as Baron Brudenell, of Stanton Wyvill
in the County of Leicester
, and on 20 April 1661 he was further created Earl of Cardigan.
On his death, the titles passed to his son, the 2nd Earl, and on the 2nd Earl's death to his grandson, the 3rd Earl, the 2nd Earl's only son, Francis, Lord Brudenell, having predeceased his father.
The titles then passed in turn to the two eldest sons of the 3rd Earl. The 4th Earl
inherited the estates of the 2nd Duke of Montagu
in 1749, including the Lordship of Bowland
. In 1766 was created Duke of Montagu and Marquess of Monthermer in the Peerage of Great Britain
. In 1786 he was also created Baron Montagu, of Boughton in the County of Northampton
, with remainder to the younger sons of his daughter. (See Duke of Montagu
for those titles.)
On his death, the Dukedom and Marquessate became extinct, the Barony of Montagu passed according to its special remainder, and the Earldom and other titles passed to his younger brother, the 5th Earl
, who on 17 October 1780 had been created Baron Brudenell, of Deene in the County of Northampton, in the Peerage of Great Britain.
On his death, the 1780 Barony of Brudenell became extinct, and the other titles passed to his nephew, the 6th Earl
, only son of the third son of the 3rd Earl, and on his death to his son, the 7th Earl
.
On his death, the titles were inherited by his second cousin, the 2nd Marquess of Ailesbury
, grandson of the fourth and youngest son of the 3rd Earl. This son had succeeded his maternal uncle (the 3rd Earl of Ailesbury and 4th Earl of Elgin) in 1747 as 2nd Baron Bruce, of Tottenham
in the County of Wilts
, had in 1766 assumed the surname "Brudenell-Bruce", and had in 1776 been created Earl of Ailesbury. The 1st Earl of Ailesbury was succeeded by his son, the 2nd Earl of Ailesbury
, who in 1821 had been created Marquess of Ailesbury, in the County of Buckingham
, Earl Bruce, of Whorlton
in the County of York
, and Viscount Savernake, of Savernake Forest
in the County of Wilts. He was succeeded by his son, the aforementioned 2nd Marquess of Ailesbury and 8th Earl of Cardigan.
The Earldom remains united with the Marquessate of Ailesbury, and indeed, since the descendants of the 1st Earl of Ailesbury are the only remaining descendants of the 1st Earl of Cardigan, the titles will never separate. The Earldom remains visible, however, as it is used as a courtesy title
by the heirs apparent
to the Marquessate.
see Marquess of Ailesbury
for further succession
Peerage of England
The Peerage of England comprises all peerages created in the Kingdom of England before the Act of Union in 1707. In that year, the Peerages of England and Scotland were replaced by one Peerage of Great Britain....
, currently held by the Marquesses of Ailesbury
Marquess of Ailesbury
Marquess of Ailesbury is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 17 July 1821 for Charles Brudenell-Bruce, 2nd Earl of Ailesbury....
, and used as a courtesy title
Courtesy title
A courtesy title is a form of address in systems of nobility used for children, former wives and other close relatives of a peer. These styles are used 'by courtesy' in the sense that the relatives do not themselves hold substantive titles...
by the heir apparent
Heir apparent
An heir apparent or heiress apparent is a person who is first in line of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting, except by a change in the rules of succession....
to that Marquessate, currently David Brudenell-Bruce
David Brudenell-Bruce, Earl of Cardigan
David Michael James Brudenell-Bruce, Earl of Cardigan is the heir apparent to the Marquessate of Ailesbury, and its subsidiary titles...
, son of the 8th Marquess.
History of the title
On 29 June 1611, Sir Thomas Brudenell was created a Baronet in the Baronetage of England, styled "of DeeneDeene
Deene is a small village and civil parish near Deenethorpe and Bulwick in East Northamptonshire. It has a village hall....
in the County of Northampton
Northamptonshire
Northamptonshire is a landlocked county in the English East Midlands, with a population of 629,676 as at the 2001 census. It has boundaries with the ceremonial counties of Warwickshire to the west, Leicestershire and Rutland to the north, Cambridgeshire to the east, Bedfordshire to the south-east,...
". On 26 February 1628, he was raised to the Peerage of England
Peerage of England
The Peerage of England comprises all peerages created in the Kingdom of England before the Act of Union in 1707. In that year, the Peerages of England and Scotland were replaced by one Peerage of Great Britain....
as Baron Brudenell, of Stanton Wyvill
Stonton Wyville
Stonton Wyville is a small village and civil parish in the Harborough district of Leicestershire, England. According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 21. The village is about eleven miles south east of Leicester...
in the County of Leicester
Leicestershire
Leicestershire is a landlocked county in the English Midlands. It takes its name from the heavily populated City of Leicester, traditionally its administrative centre, although the City of Leicester unitary authority is today administered separately from the rest of Leicestershire...
, and on 20 April 1661 he was further created Earl of Cardigan.
On his death, the titles passed to his son, the 2nd Earl, and on the 2nd Earl's death to his grandson, the 3rd Earl, the 2nd Earl's only son, Francis, Lord Brudenell, having predeceased his father.
The titles then passed in turn to the two eldest sons of the 3rd Earl. The 4th Earl
George Montagu, 1st Duke of Montagu
George Montagu, 1st Duke of Montagu, KG PC, FRS was a British peer.He was born George Brudenell in 1712 at Cardigan House, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in London, the son of the 3rd Earl of Cardigan and his wife, the former Lady Elizabeth Bruce...
inherited the estates of the 2nd Duke of Montagu
John Montagu, 2nd Duke of Montagu
John Montagu, 2nd Duke of Montagu, KG, KB, PC , styled Viscount Monthermer until 1705 and Marquess of Monthermer between 1705 and 1709, was a British peer...
in 1749, including the Lordship of Bowland
Lordship of Bowland
The Lordship of Bowland, an ancient English title connected with the Forest of Bowland in the northwest of England, was once thought lost and was only recently rediscovered. It disappeared from sight in 1885 when the estates of the Towneleys, one of Lancashire’s great aristocratic families, were...
. In 1766 was created Duke of Montagu and Marquess of Monthermer in the Peerage of Great Britain
Peerage of Great Britain
The Peerage of Great Britain comprises all extant peerages created in the Kingdom of Great Britain after the Act of Union 1707 but before the Act of Union 1800...
. In 1786 he was also created Baron Montagu, of Boughton in the County of Northampton
Boughton, Northamptonshire
Boughton is a village and civil parish in the Daventry district of Northamptonshire, England, about from Northampton town centre along the A508 road between Northampton and Market Harborough. The parish area straddles both side of the road but the main part of the village is east...
, with remainder to the younger sons of his daughter. (See Duke of Montagu
Duke of Montagu
The title of Duke of Montagu has been created several times. It was first created in the Peerage of England in 1705 for Ralph Montagu, 3rd Baron Montagu of Boughton, with the subsidiary title Marquess of Monthermer, but became extinct in 1749. The first Duke had been created Earl of Montagu and...
for those titles.)
On his death, the Dukedom and Marquessate became extinct, the Barony of Montagu passed according to its special remainder, and the Earldom and other titles passed to his younger brother, the 5th Earl
James Brudenell, 5th Earl of Cardigan
James Brudenell, 5th Earl of Cardigan held several offices in the Parliament of Great Britain and in service to the King of Great Britain....
, who on 17 October 1780 had been created Baron Brudenell, of Deene in the County of Northampton, in the Peerage of Great Britain.
On his death, the 1780 Barony of Brudenell became extinct, and the other titles passed to his nephew, the 6th Earl
Robert Brudenell, 6th Earl of Cardigan
Robert Brudenell, 6th Earl of Cardigan succeeded to his title on 24 February 1811, following the death of his uncle James Brudenell, 5th Earl of Cardigan....
, only son of the third son of the 3rd Earl, and on his death to his son, the 7th Earl
James Brudenell, 7th Earl of Cardigan
Lieutenant General James Thomas Brudenell, 7th Earl of Cardigan, KCB , was an officer in the British Army who commanded the Light Brigade during the Crimean War...
.
On his death, the titles were inherited by his second cousin, the 2nd Marquess of Ailesbury
George Brudenell-Bruce, 2nd Marquess of Ailesbury
George William Frederick Brudenell-Bruce, 2nd Marquess of Ailesbury KG, PC, DL , styled Lord Bruce between 1814 and 1821 and Earl Bruce between 1821 and 1856, was a British peer, Liberal politician and courtier.-Background and education:Born in Lower Grosvenor Street, London, Bruce was the oldest...
, grandson of the fourth and youngest son of the 3rd Earl. This son had succeeded his maternal uncle (the 3rd Earl of Ailesbury and 4th Earl of Elgin) in 1747 as 2nd Baron Bruce, of Tottenham
Tottenham House
Tottenham House is a large Grade I listed country house at Great Bedwyn, Wiltshire, England.-History:The house, which has more than one hundred rooms, stands in Savernake Forest and belongs to the Marquess of Ailesbury...
in the County of Wilts
Wiltshire
Wiltshire is a ceremonial county in South West England. It is landlocked and borders the counties of Dorset, Somerset, Hampshire, Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire and Berkshire. It contains the unitary authority of Swindon and covers...
, had in 1766 assumed the surname "Brudenell-Bruce", and had in 1776 been created Earl of Ailesbury. The 1st Earl of Ailesbury was succeeded by his son, the 2nd Earl of Ailesbury
Charles Brudenell-Bruce, 1st Marquess of Ailesbury
Charles Brudenell-Bruce, 1st Marquess of Ailesbury, KT , styled The Honourable Charles Brudenell-Bruce from birth until 1776, Lord Bruce from 1776 to 1814 and The Earl of Ailesbury from 1814 to 1821, was a British peer and politician.-Background:Brudenell-Bruce was the third son of Thomas...
, who in 1821 had been created Marquess of Ailesbury, in the County of Buckingham
Buckinghamshire
Buckinghamshire is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan home county in South East England. The county town is Aylesbury, the largest town in the ceremonial county is Milton Keynes and largest town in the non-metropolitan county is High Wycombe....
, Earl Bruce, of Whorlton
Whorlton, North Yorkshire
Whorlton is a hamlet and civil parish in the Hambleton district of North Yorkshire, England. It is very near Swainby and the A19, and 6 miles south west of Stokesley. Features include the remains of Whorlton Castle and the Church of the Holy Rood....
in the County of York
Yorkshire
Yorkshire is a historic county of northern England and the largest in the United Kingdom. Because of its great size in comparison to other English counties, functions have been increasingly undertaken over time by its subdivisions, which have also been subject to periodic reform...
, and Viscount Savernake, of Savernake Forest
Savernake Forest
Savernake Forest is on a Cretaceous chalk plateau between Marlborough and Great Bedwyn in Wiltshire, England. Its area is approximately .It is privately owned by the Trustees of Savernake Estate, the Earl of Cardigan, and his family solicitor. Since 1939 the running of the forest has been...
in the County of Wilts. He was succeeded by his son, the aforementioned 2nd Marquess of Ailesbury and 8th Earl of Cardigan.
The Earldom remains united with the Marquessate of Ailesbury, and indeed, since the descendants of the 1st Earl of Ailesbury are the only remaining descendants of the 1st Earl of Cardigan, the titles will never separate. The Earldom remains visible, however, as it is used as a courtesy title
Courtesy title
A courtesy title is a form of address in systems of nobility used for children, former wives and other close relatives of a peer. These styles are used 'by courtesy' in the sense that the relatives do not themselves hold substantive titles...
by the heirs apparent
Heir apparent
An heir apparent or heiress apparent is a person who is first in line of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting, except by a change in the rules of succession....
to the Marquessate.
Earls of Cardigan (1661)
- Thomas Brudenell, 1st Earl of Cardigan (c. 1593–1663)
- Robert Brudenell, 2nd Earl of Cardigan (1612–1703)
- Francis Brudenell, Lord Brudenell (d. 1698)
- George Brudenell, 3rd Earl of Cardigan (1692–1732)
- George Brudenell, later Montagu, 1st Duke of Montagu, 4th Earl of CardiganGeorge Montagu, 1st Duke of MontaguGeorge Montagu, 1st Duke of Montagu, KG PC, FRS was a British peer.He was born George Brudenell in 1712 at Cardigan House, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in London, the son of the 3rd Earl of Cardigan and his wife, the former Lady Elizabeth Bruce...
(1712–1790) (created Duke of Montagu in 1766)
Dukes of Montagu (1766)
- George Brudenell, later Montagu, 1st Duke of MontaguGeorge Montagu, 1st Duke of MontaguGeorge Montagu, 1st Duke of Montagu, KG PC, FRS was a British peer.He was born George Brudenell in 1712 at Cardigan House, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in London, the son of the 3rd Earl of Cardigan and his wife, the former Lady Elizabeth Bruce...
(1712–1790)- John Montagu, Marquess of MonthermerJohn Montagu, Marquess of MonthermerJohn Montagu, Marquess of Monthermer was a British peer.He was born John Brudenell, eldest son of George Brudenell, 4th Earl of Cardigan by his wife Mary, daughter of John Montagu, 2nd Duke of Montagu...
(1735–1770)
- John Montagu, Marquess of Monthermer
Earls of Cardigan (1661; Reverted)
- James Brudenell, 5th Earl of CardiganJames Brudenell, 5th Earl of CardiganJames Brudenell, 5th Earl of Cardigan held several offices in the Parliament of Great Britain and in service to the King of Great Britain....
(1715–1811) - Robert Brudenell, 6th Earl of CardiganRobert Brudenell, 6th Earl of CardiganRobert Brudenell, 6th Earl of Cardigan succeeded to his title on 24 February 1811, following the death of his uncle James Brudenell, 5th Earl of Cardigan....
(1760–1837) - James Thomas Brudenell, 7th Earl of CardiganJames Brudenell, 7th Earl of CardiganLieutenant General James Thomas Brudenell, 7th Earl of Cardigan, KCB , was an officer in the British Army who commanded the Light Brigade during the Crimean War...
(1797–1868) - George William Frederick Brudenell-Bruce, 2nd Marquess of Ailesbury, 8th Earl of CardiganGeorge Brudenell-Bruce, 2nd Marquess of AilesburyGeorge William Frederick Brudenell-Bruce, 2nd Marquess of Ailesbury KG, PC, DL , styled Lord Bruce between 1814 and 1821 and Earl Bruce between 1821 and 1856, was a British peer, Liberal politician and courtier.-Background and education:Born in Lower Grosvenor Street, London, Bruce was the oldest...
(1804–1878)
see Marquess of Ailesbury
Marquess of Ailesbury
Marquess of Ailesbury is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 17 July 1821 for Charles Brudenell-Bruce, 2nd Earl of Ailesbury....
for further succession