EZH2
Encyclopedia
Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2 is an enzyme
that in humans is encoded by the EZH2 gene
.
This gene encodes a member of the Polycomb-group
(PcG) family. PcG family members form multimeric protein complexes, which are involved in maintaining the transcriptional repressive state of genes over successive cell generations. EZH2 acts mainly as a gene silencer; it performs this role by the addition of three methyl groups to Lysine
27 of histone 3, a modification leading to chromatin
condensation.
This protein associates with the embryonic ectoderm development protein, the VAV1
oncoprotein, and the X-linked nuclear protein (XNP
). This protein may play a role in the hematopoietic and central nervous systems. Two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene.
with HDAC1
, Histone deacetylase 2
, EED
, VAV1
and ATRX
.
Enzyme
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions. In enzymatic reactions, the molecules at the beginning of the process, called substrates, are converted into different molecules, called products. Almost all chemical reactions in a biological cell need enzymes in order to occur at rates...
that in humans is encoded by the EZH2 gene
Gene
A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...
.
This gene encodes a member of the Polycomb-group
Polycomb-group proteins
Polycomb-group proteins are a family of proteins first discovered in fruit flies that can remodel chromatin such that epigenetic silencing of genes takes place...
(PcG) family. PcG family members form multimeric protein complexes, which are involved in maintaining the transcriptional repressive state of genes over successive cell generations. EZH2 acts mainly as a gene silencer; it performs this role by the addition of three methyl groups to Lysine
Lysine
Lysine is an α-amino acid with the chemical formula HO2CCH4NH2. It is an essential amino acid, which means that the human body cannot synthesize it. Its codons are AAA and AAG....
27 of histone 3, a modification leading to chromatin
Chromatin
Chromatin is the combination of DNA and proteins that make up the contents of the nucleus of a cell. The primary functions of chromatin are; to package DNA into a smaller volume to fit in the cell, to strengthen the DNA to allow mitosis and meiosis and prevent DNA damage, and to control gene...
condensation.
This protein associates with the embryonic ectoderm development protein, the VAV1
VAV1
Proto-oncogene vav is a protein that in humans is encoded by the VAV1 gene.-Interactions:VAV1 has been shown to interact with Ku70, PLCG1, Lymphocyte cytosolic protein 2, Janus kinase 2, SIAH2, S100B, Abl gene, ARHGDIB, SHB, PIK3R1, PRKCQ, Grb2, MAPK1, Syk, Linker of activated T cells, Cbl gene and...
oncoprotein, and the X-linked nuclear protein (XNP
ATRX
Transcriptional regulator ATRX also known as ATP-dependent helicase ATRX, X-linked helicase II, or X-linked nuclear protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ATRX gene.- Function :...
). This protein may play a role in the hematopoietic and central nervous systems. Two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene.
Interactions
EZH2 has been shown to interactProtein-protein interaction
Protein–protein interactions occur when two or more proteins bind together, often to carry out their biological function. Many of the most important molecular processes in the cell such as DNA replication are carried out by large molecular machines that are built from a large number of protein...
with HDAC1
HDAC1
Histone deacetylase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC1 gene.-Interactions:HDAC1 has been shown to interact with RAD9A, DNMT3L, MTA1, FKBP3, CDC20, CDH1, Host cell factor C1, BUB3, Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2, IKZF1, Prohibitin, EVI1, DDX5, DNMT3A, Mothers against...
, Histone deacetylase 2
Histone deacetylase 2
Histone deacetylase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC2 gene.-Interactions:Histone deacetylase 2 has been shown to interact with CHD3, MTA1, FKBP3, CHD4, RCOR1, Retinoblastoma protein, CDC20, RBBP4, CDH1, EED, GTF2I, Host cell factor C1, PHF21A, BUB3, MXD1, HDAC10, RELA, Sp3...
, EED
EED
Polycomb protein EED is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EED gene.- Function :Polycomb protein EED is a member of the Polycomb-group family. PcG family members form multimeric protein complexes, which are involved in maintaining the transcriptional repressive state of genes over...
, VAV1
VAV1
Proto-oncogene vav is a protein that in humans is encoded by the VAV1 gene.-Interactions:VAV1 has been shown to interact with Ku70, PLCG1, Lymphocyte cytosolic protein 2, Janus kinase 2, SIAH2, S100B, Abl gene, ARHGDIB, SHB, PIK3R1, PRKCQ, Grb2, MAPK1, Syk, Linker of activated T cells, Cbl gene and...
and ATRX
ATRX
Transcriptional regulator ATRX also known as ATP-dependent helicase ATRX, X-linked helicase II, or X-linked nuclear protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ATRX gene.- Function :...
.