Día das Letras Galegas
Encyclopedia
Galician Literature Day is a public holiday observed in Galicia, Spain
. Introduced by the Royal Galician Academy in 1963 it is a celebration of the Galician language
and its literature. This celebration has taken place on May 17 since 1963. In the year 1991 was declared as a public holiday in all Galicia.
The first celebration took place in 1963 to commemorate the centenary of Cantares gallegos, the first work written in the Galician language by Rosalía de Castro
(1837–1885), who later became one of the most important poet
s in the history of Galicia. Cantares gallegos was first published on May 17, 1863.
Since 1963, each Galician Literature Day has been dedicated to a different writer in the Galician language. This writer must be dead, and is chosen by the Real Academia Galega
(Royal Galician Academy). There is only one precedent of a "shared" Day: in 1998, the day was dedicated to Martín Codax
, Xohán de Cangas
and Mendinho
, together with the authors of the medieval songs (cantiga
s).
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
. Introduced by the Royal Galician Academy in 1963 it is a celebration of the Galician language
Galician language
Galician is a language of the Western Ibero-Romance branch, spoken in Galicia, an autonomous community located in northwestern Spain, where it is co-official with Castilian Spanish, as well as in border zones of the neighbouring territories of Asturias and Castile and León.Modern Galician and...
and its literature. This celebration has taken place on May 17 since 1963. In the year 1991 was declared as a public holiday in all Galicia.
The first celebration took place in 1963 to commemorate the centenary of Cantares gallegos, the first work written in the Galician language by Rosalía de Castro
Rosalía de Castro
María Rosalía Rita de Castro , was a Galician romanticist writer and poet.Writing in the Galician language, after the Séculos Escuros , she became an important figure of the Galician romantic movement, known today as the Rexurdimento , along with Manuel Curros Enríquez and Eduardo Pondal...
(1837–1885), who later became one of the most important poet
Poet
A poet is a person who writes poetry. A poet's work can be literal, meaning that his work is derived from a specific event, or metaphorical, meaning that his work can take on many meanings and forms. Poets have existed since antiquity, in nearly all languages, and have produced works that vary...
s in the history of Galicia. Cantares gallegos was first published on May 17, 1863.
Since 1963, each Galician Literature Day has been dedicated to a different writer in the Galician language. This writer must be dead, and is chosen by the Real Academia Galega
Real Academia Galega
The Royal Galician Academy is an institution dedicated to the study of Galician culture and especially the Galician language; it promulgates norms of grammar, spelling, and vocabulary and works to promote the language. The Academy is based in A Coruña, Galicia, Spain. The current president is...
(Royal Galician Academy). There is only one precedent of a "shared" Day: in 1998, the day was dedicated to Martín Codax
Martín Codax
Martín Codax or Martim Codax was a Galician medieval jogral , possibly from Vigo, Galicia in present day Spain. He may have been active during the middle of the thirteenth century, judging from scriptological analysis...
, Xohán de Cangas
Xohán de Cangas
Johan de Cangas was a jograr or non-noble troubadour, probably active during the thirteenth century. He seems to have been from—or associated with -- Cangas de Morrazo, a small town on Pontevedra, Galicia . Only three of his songs survive...
and Mendinho
Mendinho
Mendinho, also Meendinho, Mendiño and Meendiño, was a medieval Iberian poet.Nothing is known about Mendinho except by inference. Scholars generally assume from the reference to the shrine of San Simión that he was Galician...
, together with the authors of the medieval songs (cantiga
Cantiga
A cantiga is a medieval monophonic song, characteristic of the Galician-Portuguese lyric. Over 400 extant cantigas come from the Cantigas de Santa Maria, narrative songs about miracles or hymns in praise of the Holy Virgin...
s).
List of honored authors on Galician Literature Day
- 1963 Rosalía de CastroRosalía de CastroMaría Rosalía Rita de Castro , was a Galician romanticist writer and poet.Writing in the Galician language, after the Séculos Escuros , she became an important figure of the Galician romantic movement, known today as the Rexurdimento , along with Manuel Curros Enríquez and Eduardo Pondal...
- 1964 Alfonso Daniel Rodríguez CastelaoAlfonso Daniel Rodríguez CastelaoAlfonso Daniel Rodríguez Castelao , most commonly known as simply Castelao, was a Galician writer in Galician language and one of the main symbols of Galician nationalism...
- 1965 Eduardo PondalEduardo PondalEduardo María González-Pondal Abente was a Spanish poet, who wrote in both Spanish and GalicianOf Hidalgo origin Pondal was the youngest of a family of seven. From 1884 onwards he studied Latin in a school in Vilela de Nemiña which belonged to his cleric relative, Cristobal Lago...
- 1966 Francisco Añón Paz
- 1967 Manuel Curros EnríquezManuel Curros EnríquezManuel Curros Enríquez was a Galician writer and journalist in the Galician language, and is considered to be one of the leading figures of Galician culture and identity.-Early life:...
- 1968 Florentino López Cuevillas
- 1969 Antonio Noriega Varela
- 1970 Marcial Valladares Núñez
- 1971 Gonzalo López Abente
- 1972 Valentín Lamas Carvajal
- 1973 Manuel Lago González
- 1974 Xoán V. Viqueira Cortón
- 1975 Xoán Manuel Pintos Villar
- 1976 Ramón Cabanillas
- 1977 Antón Vilar PonteAntón Vilar PonteAntón Vilar Ponte was born in Viveiro in 1881 and died in A Coruña in 1936. He was one of the most important galicianists before the civil war. As a journalist he worked in A Nosa Terra, Nós, La Voz de Galicia, El Pueblo Gallego, and El Noroste....
- 1978 Antonio López Ferreiro
- 1979 Manuel AntonioManuel AntónioManuel António Leitão da Silva , commonly known as Manuel António, is a former Portuguese footballer...
- 1980 Afonso X o SabioAlfonso X of CastileAlfonso X was a Castilian monarch who ruled as the King of Castile, León and Galicia from 1252 until his death...
- 1981 Vicente RiscoVicente RiscoVicente Martínez Risco Agüero was a Galician intellectual of the 20th Century. He was a founder member of Xeración Nós, and among the most important figures in the history of Galician literature. He is well regarded for his writings on Galician nationalism, as well as a contributor to the Galician...
- 1982 Luis Amado Carballo
- 1983 Manuel Leiras Pulpeiro
- 1984 Armando Cotarelo Valledor
- 1985 Antón Lousada Diéguez
- 1986 Aquilino Iglesia Alvariño
- 1987 Francisca Herrera Garrido
- 1988 Ramón Otero Pedrayo
- 1989 Celso Emilio FerreiroCelso Emilio FerreiroCelso Emilio Ferreiro Mínguez , born in Celanova, Galicia, was a Galicianist activist, writer, and political journalist.-Early years:...
- 1990 Luis Pimentel
- 1991 Álvaro CunqueiroÁlvaro CunqueiroÁlvaro Cunqueiro Mora was an Galician writer. He is the author of many works in both Galician and Spanish, including Merlín e familia...
- 1992 Fermín Bouza-Brey
- 1993 Eduardo Blanco Amor
- 1994 Luis SeoaneLuís SeoaneLuis Seoane was a lithographer and artist. Born in Buenos Aires, Argentina on June 1, 1910, of Galician immigrants, he spent much of his childhood and youth in Galicia . He was educated in A Coruña...
- 1995 Rafael Dieste
- 1996 Xesús Ferro Couselo
- 1997 Ánxel Fole
- 1998 Martín CodaxMartín CodaxMartín Codax or Martim Codax was a Galician medieval jogral , possibly from Vigo, Galicia in present day Spain. He may have been active during the middle of the thirteenth century, judging from scriptological analysis...
, Xohán de CangasXohán de CangasJohan de Cangas was a jograr or non-noble troubadour, probably active during the thirteenth century. He seems to have been from—or associated with -- Cangas de Morrazo, a small town on Pontevedra, Galicia . Only three of his songs survive...
and MendinhoMendinhoMendinho, also Meendinho, Mendiño and Meendiño, was a medieval Iberian poet.Nothing is known about Mendinho except by inference. Scholars generally assume from the reference to the shrine of San Simión that he was Galician...
; together with the authors of the medieval songs (cantigaCantigaA cantiga is a medieval monophonic song, characteristic of the Galician-Portuguese lyric. Over 400 extant cantigas come from the Cantigas de Santa Maria, narrative songs about miracles or hymns in praise of the Holy Virgin...
s) - 1999 Roberto Blanco Torres
- 2000 Manuel MurguíaManuel MurguíaManuel Murguia was a Galician journalist and historian who created the Real Academia Galega. He was one of the main figures in Galician Rexurdimento movement. He is also remembered as Rosalía de Castro's husband, publisher and main supporter.-Life:...
- 2001 Eladio RodríguezEladio RodríguezEladio Rodríguez González was a Portuguese language poet and author associated with the Galicia region of Spain.In 2001, he was honored in the Galician Literature Day.-External links:*...
- 2002 Frei Martín Sarmiento
- 2003 Antón Avilés de Taramancos
- 2004 Xaquín Lorenzo
- 2005 Lorenzo VarelaLorenzo VarelaXesús Lorenzo Varela Vázquez was a Galician poet.-Life:Varela was born in a boat, while his parents, emigrants from Galicia, were going to Havana, Cuba. Some people consider it to be a kind of prophecy, as Varela lived in exile for most of his life.Varela returned to Galicia and grew up in Lugo...
- 2006 Manuel Lugrís Freire
- 2007 María Mariño Carou
- 2008 Xosé María Álvarez Blázquez
- 2009 Ramón Piñeiro
- 2010 Uxío NovoneyraUxío NovoneyraEugenio Novo Neira alias Uxío Novoneyra was a poet and a Children's book writer from Galicia, in Spain....
- 2011 Lois PereiroLois PereiroLuis Ángel Sánchez Pereiro alias Lois Pereiro was a Galician poet and writer.Galician Literature Day was dedicated to him in 2011.- Biography :...
- 2012 Valentín Paz-AndradeValentín Paz-AndradeValentín Paz-Andrade was a Galician lawyer, writer, politician, journalist, poet, businesspeople and economist.Galician Literature Day is dedicated to him in 2012.-Works:...