Duramax V8 engine
Encyclopedia
The Duramax is General Motors diesel engine
family for light- and medium-duty trucks, designed by General Motors. The 6.6 liter Duramax is produced by DMAX, a joint venture between GM and Isuzu in Moraine, Ohio. This engine was initially installed in 2001 model year
Chevy and GMC trucks and has been an option since then in pickups, vans, and medium-duty trucks. In 2006, production at Moraine was reportedly limited to approximately 200,000 engines per year. On May 9, 2007, DMAX announced the production of the 1,000,000th Duramax V-8 diesel at its Moraine facility.
LB7 (engine code "1") was first introduced in 2001 and continued until mid 2004. It is a 32-valve design with high-pressure common-rail
direct injection and a experimental composite design cylinder head. The most problematic issue with the LB7 is injector failure. Fuel leaked and entered the crankcase, causing oil dilution. Early on customers came forward complaining of severe overheating, and also in some situations blown head gaskets. Initially GM denied it was a problem, but after being sued by a consumer group, GM relented and included overheating and blown head gaskets as a warranted item. GM issued a warranty for this after the fact for injectors, which now have 7 year/200,000 mile coverage.
The following trucks use the LB7:
engine which debuted in mid-2004 and continued until the end of 2005. It is a 32-valve
design with high-pressure common-rail
direct injection and aluminum cylinder heads. The LLY was GM's first attempt to implement emissions requirements on their diesel trucks. To meet this goal they turned to a newly developed Garrett
turbocharger with a variable geometry vane system and they installed an Exhaust Gas Recirculation valve or (EGR Valve). Learning from problems with injectors in the previous LB7 GM changed the valve covers to allow access to the injectors without having to remove the valve covers, saving significant labor costs if injector replacement became necessary.
The following trucks used the LLY engine:
The LBZ (engine code "D") debuted in late 2006 and continued into 2007 sold only in the "classic" body style. It has a more powerful tune loaded into the computer that allows it to produce more power and torque.
Changes include:
LBZ applications:
LLY applications:
A version was used in Trident Iceni.
Emission controls:
Applications:
after 2009. Designed to fit in the same space as a Chevrolet Small-Block engine
, it is expected to produce over 310 bhp and 520 lbft of torque. It added urea injection, 29,000-psi (2,000 bar) piezo-electric common-rail fuel system over previous Duramax architecture.
It was initially targeted for the Chevy Silverado/GMC Sierra and Hummer H2
.
Unlike previous Duramax engines, the 4.5 liter is planned to be designed and built entirely by GM, without assistance from Isuzu.
As of March 2009, a GM spokesperson stated the engine project has been put on an "indefinite hold" due to current economic conditions.
The LML engine was significantly updated for 2011 to provide improved exhaust emissions that comply with the new federal emission standards for diesel engines, provide better engine rigidity and further noise reduction. New 29,000 PSI piezo injectors, a complete fuel system-hardening to tolerate up to 20% biodiesel
mixtures and urea
injection (to reduce Nitrogen oxides) with a 5.3 gallon urea tank are updating the fuel and emissions systems. This engine also has now 9 fuel injectors, one directly injecting in the exhaust tract, to allow raw fuel injection during the particulate filter recycling routine. The RPO LML engine is rated at 397 horsepower at 3000 rpm and 765 lb.-ft. of torque at 1600 rpm.
Diesel engine
A diesel engine is an internal combustion engine that uses the heat of compression to initiate ignition to burn the fuel, which is injected into the combustion chamber...
family for light- and medium-duty trucks, designed by General Motors. The 6.6 liter Duramax is produced by DMAX, a joint venture between GM and Isuzu in Moraine, Ohio. This engine was initially installed in 2001 model year
Model year
The model year of a product is a number used worldwide, but with a high level of prominence in North America, to describe approximately when a product was produced, and indicates the coinciding base specification of that product....
Chevy and GMC trucks and has been an option since then in pickups, vans, and medium-duty trucks. In 2006, production at Moraine was reportedly limited to approximately 200,000 engines per year. On May 9, 2007, DMAX announced the production of the 1,000,000th Duramax V-8 diesel at its Moraine facility.
LB7
RPORegular Production Option
A Regular Production Option is a General Motors standard coding for vehicle configuration options. These codes are a combination of 3 alphanumeric characters and refer to a specific option or modification to the vehicle...
LB7 (engine code "1") was first introduced in 2001 and continued until mid 2004. It is a 32-valve design with high-pressure common-rail
Common rail
Common rail direct fuel injection is a modern variant of direct fuel injection system for petrol and diesel engines.On diesel engines, it features a high-pressure fuel rail feeding individual solenoid valves, as opposed to low-pressure fuel pump feeding unit injectors...
direct injection and a experimental composite design cylinder head. The most problematic issue with the LB7 is injector failure. Fuel leaked and entered the crankcase, causing oil dilution. Early on customers came forward complaining of severe overheating, and also in some situations blown head gaskets. Initially GM denied it was a problem, but after being sued by a consumer group, GM relented and included overheating and blown head gaskets as a warranted item. GM issued a warranty for this after the fact for injectors, which now have 7 year/200,000 mile coverage.
The following trucks use the LB7:
- Chevrolet Kodiak/GMC Topkick
- Chevrolet SilveradoChevrolet SilveradoThe Chevrolet Silverado , is the latest line of full-size pickup trucks from General Motors.-History:...
/GMC Sierra HD
Specifications
- Engine type: 6599 cc V8 turbo
- Bore x Stroke: 4.06 in (103 mm) x 3.9 in (99 mm)
- Block / Head: Cast gray iron / Cast aluminum
- Aspiration: Turbocharged & Intercooled
- Valvetrain: OHV 4-V
- Compression: 17.5:1
- Injection: Direct; Robert Bosch GmbH high pressure common-rail
- Power / Torque: 300 bhp @ 3100rpm / 520 lbft @1800 rpm
- Source:
LLY
The LLY (internally called the 8GF1) (engine code "2") is a 6599 cc turbochargedTurbocharger
A turbocharger, or turbo , from the Greek "τύρβη" is a centrifugal compressor powered by a turbine that is driven by an engine's exhaust gases. Its benefit lies with the compressor increasing the mass of air entering the engine , thereby resulting in greater performance...
engine which debuted in mid-2004 and continued until the end of 2005. It is a 32-valve
Multi-valve
In automotive engineering a multi-valve or multivalve engine is one where each cylinder has more than two valves. A multi-valve engine has better breathing and can operate at higher revolutions per minute than a two-valve engine, delivering more power.- Multi-valve rationale :A multi-valve design...
design with high-pressure common-rail
Common rail
Common rail direct fuel injection is a modern variant of direct fuel injection system for petrol and diesel engines.On diesel engines, it features a high-pressure fuel rail feeding individual solenoid valves, as opposed to low-pressure fuel pump feeding unit injectors...
direct injection and aluminum cylinder heads. The LLY was GM's first attempt to implement emissions requirements on their diesel trucks. To meet this goal they turned to a newly developed Garrett
Garrett AiResearch
Garrett AiResearch was a manufacturer of turboprop engines and turbochargers, and a pioneer in numerous aerospace technologies. It was previously known as Aircraft Tool and Supply Company, Garrett Supply Company, AiResearch Manufacturing Company, or simply AiResearch...
turbocharger with a variable geometry vane system and they installed an Exhaust Gas Recirculation valve or (EGR Valve). Learning from problems with injectors in the previous LB7 GM changed the valve covers to allow access to the injectors without having to remove the valve covers, saving significant labor costs if injector replacement became necessary.
The following trucks used the LLY engine:
- 2006 Hummer H1Hummer H1The Hummer H1 is a civilian off-road vehicle based on the M998 Humvee, which was created by AM General. The vehicle was produced from 1992 through 2006, and was the first of what became the Hummer line...
Alpha - Chevrolet SilveradoChevrolet SilveradoThe Chevrolet Silverado , is the latest line of full-size pickup trucks from General Motors.-History:...
/GMC Sierra HD
Specifications
- Engine type: 6599 cc V8 turbo
- Bore x Stroke: 4.06 in (103 mm) x 3.9 in (99 mm)
- Block / Head: Cast gray iron / Cast aluminum
- Aspiration: Turbocharged & Intercooled
- Valvetrain: OHV 4-V
- Compression: 17.5:1
- Injection: BoschRobert Bosch GmbHRobert Bosch GmbH is a multinational engineering and electronics company headquartered in Gerlingen, near Stuttgart, Germany. It is the world's largest supplier of automotive components...
High Pressure Common-rail - Power / Torque: 305 bhp @3000rpm / 605 lbft @1600 rpm
- Head casting is 8gf1
- Block casting is #22351021213
- Source:
LLY/LBZ
The 2006 LLY (engine code "2") debuted in the beginning of 2006 and ended production with the start of the 2007 calendar year. Mechanically it is identical to the LBZ and is mated to the new 6 speed Allison transmission however it retained the LLY designation.The LBZ (engine code "D") debuted in late 2006 and continued into 2007 sold only in the "classic" body style. It has a more powerful tune loaded into the computer that allows it to produce more power and torque.
Changes include:
- Cylinder block casting and machining changes strengthen the bottom of the cylinder bores to support increased power and torque
- Upgraded main bearing material increases durability
- Revised piston design helps lower compression ratio to 16.8:1 from 17.5:1
- Piston pin bore diameter increased for increased strength
- Connecting rod “ I ” section is thicker for increased strength
- Cylinder heads revised to accommodate lower compression and reduced cylinder firing pressure
- Maximum injection pressure increased from 23000 psi (1,585.8 bar) to more than 26000 psi (1,792.6 bar)
- Fuel delivered via higher-pressure pump, fuel rails, distribution lines and all-new, seven-hole fuel injectors
- Fuel injectors spray directly onto glow plugs, providing faster, better-quality starts and more complete cold-start combustion for reduced emissions
- Improved glow plugs heat up faster through an independent controller
- Revised variable-geometry turbocharger is aerodynamically more efficient to help deliver smooth and immediate response and lower emissions
- Air induction system re-tuned to enhance quietness
- EGR has larger cooler to bring more exhaust into the system
- First application of new, 32-bit E35 controller, which adjusts and compensates for the fuel flow to bolster efficiency and reduce emissions"
LBZ applications:
- Chevrolet SilveradoChevrolet SilveradoThe Chevrolet Silverado , is the latest line of full-size pickup trucks from General Motors.-History:...
HD - Chevrolet KodiakChevrolet KodiakBeginning with the 2003 model year, US-market models moved to a new platform with a more spacious cab based on the GM full-size vans. The 4500 and 5500 trucks had the option for Four-wheel drive. These trucks featured solid front axles, on both 4x2 and 4x4, instead of independent front suspension...
- GMC Sierra HD
- GMC TopKick
LLY applications:
- Chevrolet SilveradoChevrolet SilveradoThe Chevrolet Silverado , is the latest line of full-size pickup trucks from General Motors.-History:...
HD - Chevrolet KodiakChevrolet KodiakBeginning with the 2003 model year, US-market models moved to a new platform with a more spacious cab based on the GM full-size vans. The 4500 and 5500 trucks had the option for Four-wheel drive. These trucks featured solid front axles, on both 4x2 and 4x4, instead of independent front suspension...
- GMC Sierra HD
- Chevrolet ExpressChevrolet ExpressThe Chevrolet Express and GMC Savana are full-size vans from General Motors. They replaced the Chevrolet Van and GMC Vandura in 1996. The Express and Savana currently hold 44.8% of the full-size van market in the United States, just behind rival Ford's E-Series...
full-size (reduced power output mated to a 4L85E transmission) - GMC Savana full-size (reduced power output mated to a 4L85E transmission)
Specifications
- Engine type: 6599 cc V8 turbo
- Bore x Stroke: 4.06 in (103 mm) x 3.9 in (99 mm)
- Block / Head: Cast gray iron / Cast aluminum
- Aspiration: Turbocharged & Intercooled
- Valvetrain: OHV 4-V
- Compression: 16.8:1
- Injection: BoschRobert Bosch GmbHRobert Bosch GmbH is a multinational engineering and electronics company headquartered in Gerlingen, near Stuttgart, Germany. It is the world's largest supplier of automotive components...
High Pressure Common-rail - Power / Torque:
| Code | Years | Power@rpm | Torque@rpm | Redline (rpm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LBZ (Chevrolet Silverado 2500HD / 3500 Classic (auto trans), GMC Sierra 2500HD / 3500 Classic (auto trans)) | 2006–2007 | 360 bhp @3200 | 650 lbft @1600 | 3450 |
| LLY (Chevrolet Kodiak Medium Duty (LRX option), GMC TopKick Medium Duty (LRX option), Hummer H1 Alpha) | 2004–2005 | 300 bhp @3000 | 520 lbft @1600 | 3200 |
| LBZ(Chevrolet Kodiak Medium Duty (LPD option), GMC TopKick Medium Duty (LPD)) | 2006–2007 | 300 bhp @3000 | 605 lbft @1600 | 3200 |
| LLY (Chevrolet Express, GMC Savana) | 2006–2007 | 250 bhp @3200 | 460 lbft @1600 | 3450 |
- Source:
LMM
(Diesel Oxidizing Catalyst) where the fuel is burned to elevate the temperature of the exhaust. This hot exhaust flows into the DPF and burns the trapped soot.A version was used in Trident Iceni.
Specifications
- Engine type: 6599 cc V8 turbo
- Bore x Stroke: 4.06 in (103 mm) x 3.9 in (99 mm)
- Block / Head: Cast gray iron / Cast aluminum
- Aspiration: Turbocharged & Intercooled
- Valvetrain: OHV 4-V
- Compression: 16.8:1
- Injection: BoschRobert Bosch GmbHRobert Bosch GmbH is a multinational engineering and electronics company headquartered in Gerlingen, near Stuttgart, Germany. It is the world's largest supplier of automotive components...
High Pressure Common Rail with CP3.3 Injection Pump - Power / Torque: 365 bhp @3200rpm / 660 lbft @1600 rpm
| Code | Years | Power@rpm | Torque@rpm | Redline (rpm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LML (Chevrolet Silverado HD, GMC Sierra HD) | 2011-2012 | 397 bhp @3000 | 765 lbft @1600 | 3450 |
| LMM (Chevrolet Silverado HD, GMC Sierra HD) | 2007–2010 | 365 bhp @3200 | 660 lbft @1600 | 3450 |
| LMM (Chevrolet Kodiak Medium Duty (LYE option), GMC TopKick Medium Duty (LYE option)) | 2007–2010 | 330 bhp @3000 | 620 lbft @1600 | 3250 |
| LMM (Chevrolet Kodiak Medium Duty (LRX option), GMC TopKick Medium Duty (LRX option)) | 2007–2010 | 300 bhp @3000 | 520 lbft @1600 | 3250 |
| LMM (Chevrolet Express, GMC Savana) | 2007–2010 | 250 bhp @3200 | 460 lbft @1600 | 3450 |
- Source:
Emission controls:
- Additional combustion control, including an even more efficient variable-geometry turbocharging system, cooled (enhanced) exhaust gas recirculationExhaust gas recirculationIn internal combustion engines, exhaust gas recirculation is a nitrogen oxide emissions reduction technique used in petrol/gasoline and diesel engines. EGR works by recirculating a portion of an engine's exhaust gas back to the engine cylinders. In a gasoline engine, this inert exhaust...
(EGR) and closed crankcase ventilation to reduce nitrogen oxideNitrogen oxideNitrogen oxide can refer to a binary compound of oxygen and nitrogen, or a mixture of such compounds:* Nitric oxide, also known as nitrogen monoxide, , nitrogen oxide* Nitrogen dioxide , nitrogen oxide...
s (NOx) - Additional exhaust control, including oxidizing catalyst and new diesel particulate filterDiesel Particulate FilterA diesel particulate filter is a device designed to remove diesel particulate matter or soot from the exhaust gas of a diesel engine. Wall-flow diesel particulate filters usually remove 85% or more of the soot, and under certain conditions can attain soot removal efficiencies of close to 100%...
(DPF) to reduce soot and particulate matter - Increased-capacity cooling system
- New engine control software
- Use of low-ash engine oil (CJ-4)
Applications:
- 2007- Chevrolet SilveradoChevrolet SilveradoThe Chevrolet Silverado , is the latest line of full-size pickup trucks from General Motors.-History:...
HD - 2007- GMC Sierra HD
- Chevrolet KodiakChevrolet KodiakBeginning with the 2003 model year, US-market models moved to a new platform with a more spacious cab based on the GM full-size vans. The 4500 and 5500 trucks had the option for Four-wheel drive. These trucks featured solid front axles, on both 4x2 and 4x4, instead of independent front suspension...
- GMC Topkick
- Chevrolet ExpressChevrolet ExpressThe Chevrolet Express and GMC Savana are full-size vans from General Motors. They replaced the Chevrolet Van and GMC Vandura in 1996. The Express and Savana currently hold 44.8% of the full-size van market in the United States, just behind rival Ford's E-Series...
/GMC Savanna
LMK
This engine is not yet commercially launched although it was touted in the automobile press as one of the most important new engine concepts for small trucks and SUVs by finally delivering a capable diesel engine in a compact enough package. The engine project is current on indefinite hold by GM. General Motors planned a 4.5 litre 72-degree V8 for light-duty applications which would be built at GM's powertrain facility in Tonawanda, New YorkTonawanda (town), New York
Tonawanda is a town in Erie County, New York, United States. As of the 2000 census, the town had a population of 78,155. The town is at the north border of the county and is the northern suburb of Buffalo...
after 2009. Designed to fit in the same space as a Chevrolet Small-Block engine
Chevrolet Small-Block engine
The Chevrolet small-block engine is a series of automobile V8 engines built by the Chevrolet Division of General Motors using the same basic small engine block...
, it is expected to produce over 310 bhp and 520 lbft of torque. It added urea injection, 29,000-psi (2,000 bar) piezo-electric common-rail fuel system over previous Duramax architecture.
It was initially targeted for the Chevy Silverado/GMC Sierra and Hummer H2
Hummer H2
The Hummer H2 is an SUV and SUT that was marketed by General Motors under the Hummer brand. It is a large truck , while longer, heavier , and taller with room for six passengers , seven passengers in some models. The rearmost part of the H2 SUV was modified to a pickup truck bed for the 2005 H2 SUT...
.
Unlike previous Duramax engines, the 4.5 liter is planned to be designed and built entirely by GM, without assistance from Isuzu.
As of March 2009, a GM spokesperson stated the engine project has been put on an "indefinite hold" due to current economic conditions.
LML
The 6.6L RPO LML (VIN code "8") is the latest version (2011–present) of the Isuzu/GM Duramax V8 diesel engine and actually a further advanced version of the LMM engine with the majority of the changes addressing a required drastic reduction in engine emissions. Some mechanical aspects of the engine, such as piston oil flow design for improved temperature control and oil pump design, were also improved to enhance durability even further.The LML engine was significantly updated for 2011 to provide improved exhaust emissions that comply with the new federal emission standards for diesel engines, provide better engine rigidity and further noise reduction. New 29,000 PSI piezo injectors, a complete fuel system-hardening to tolerate up to 20% biodiesel
Biodiesel
Biodiesel refers to a vegetable oil- or animal fat-based diesel fuel consisting of long-chain alkyl esters. Biodiesel is typically made by chemically reacting lipids with an alcohol....
mixtures and urea
Urea
Urea or carbamide is an organic compound with the chemical formula CO2. The molecule has two —NH2 groups joined by a carbonyl functional group....
injection (to reduce Nitrogen oxides) with a 5.3 gallon urea tank are updating the fuel and emissions systems. This engine also has now 9 fuel injectors, one directly injecting in the exhaust tract, to allow raw fuel injection during the particulate filter recycling routine. The RPO LML engine is rated at 397 horsepower at 3000 rpm and 765 lb.-ft. of torque at 1600 rpm.