Duke of Calabria
Encyclopedia
Duke of Calabria was the traditional title of the heir apparent of the Kingdom of Naples
after the accession of Robert of Naples
. It was also adopted by the heads of certain Houses that had once claimed the Kingdom of Naples in lieu of the royal title.
There are at present two claimants to the title of Duke of Calabria. In the Spanish context, it is the title for the head of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, and in the Italian context it is the title for the heir to the Duke of Castro, the head of the Royal House.
As customary title of the head of the House:
Kingdom of Naples
The Kingdom of Naples, comprising the southern part of the Italian peninsula, was the remainder of the old Kingdom of Sicily after secession of the island of Sicily as a result of the Sicilian Vespers rebellion of 1282. Known to contemporaries as the Kingdom of Sicily, it is dubbed Kingdom of...
after the accession of Robert of Naples
Robert of Naples
Robert of Anjou , known as Robert the Wise was King of Naples, titular King of Jerusalem and Count of Provence and Forcalquier from 1309 to 1343, the central figure of Italian politics of his time. He was the third but eldest surviving son of King Charles II of Naples the Lame and Maria of Hungary...
. It was also adopted by the heads of certain Houses that had once claimed the Kingdom of Naples in lieu of the royal title.
There are at present two claimants to the title of Duke of Calabria. In the Spanish context, it is the title for the head of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, and in the Italian context it is the title for the heir to the Duke of Castro, the head of the Royal House.
List of past dukes
- bef. 1297–1309: Robert of NaplesRobert of NaplesRobert of Anjou , known as Robert the Wise was King of Naples, titular King of Jerusalem and Count of Provence and Forcalquier from 1309 to 1343, the central figure of Italian politics of his time. He was the third but eldest surviving son of King Charles II of Naples the Lame and Maria of Hungary...
- 1309–1328: Charles of NaplesCharles, Duke of CalabriaCharles, Duke of Calabria was the son of King Robert of Naples and Yolanda of Aragon.-Biography:Born in Naples, he became Duke of Calabria in 1309 on his father's accession, and was created Vicar-General of the Kingdom of Sicily...
- 1343?–1345: Andrew of HungaryAndrew, Duke of CalabriaAndrew, Duke of Calabria was the second surviving son of Charles I of Hungary and Elizabeth of Poland...
House of Anjou
- 1381–1382 Louis I of NaplesLouis I of NaplesLouis I of Anjou , or Louis I of Naples, was the second son of King John II of France and Bonne of Luxembourg...
- 1382–1384 Louis II of NaplesLouis II of NaplesLouis II of Anjou was the rival of Ladislaus as King of Naples. He was a member of the House of Valois-Anjou.-Biography:...
- 1403–1417 Louis III of NaplesLouis III of NaplesLouis III was titular King of Naples 1417–1426, Count of Provence, Forcalquier, Piedmont, and Maine and Duke of Anjou 1417–1434, and Duke of Calabria 1426–1434....
- 1432–1434 Louis III of NaplesLouis III of NaplesLouis III was titular King of Naples 1417–1426, Count of Provence, Forcalquier, Piedmont, and Maine and Duke of Anjou 1417–1434, and Duke of Calabria 1426–1434....
- 1434–1435 René I of NaplesRené I of NaplesRené of Anjou , also known as René I of Naples and Good King René , was Duke of Anjou, Count of Provence , Count of Piedmont, Duke of Bar , Duke of Lorraine , King of Naples , titular King of Jerusalem...
- 1435–1470 John II, Duke of LorraineJohn II, Duke of LorraineJohn II of Anjou was Duke of Lorraine from 1453 to his death. He inherited the duchy from his mother, Duchess Isabelle, during the life of his father, Duke René of Anjou, also Duke of Lorraine and titular king of Naples...
- 1470–1473 Nicholas I, Duke of LorraineNicholas I, Duke of LorraineNicholas of Anjou was the son of John II, Duke of Lorraine and Marie de Bourbon.He succeeded his father in 1470 as Duke of Lorraine, and assumed the titles of Marquis of Pont-à-Mousson, Duke of Calabria, and Prince of Girona, as heir apparent of Bar, Naples, and Aragon respectively.He did not...
- 1473–1481 Charles IV, Duke of AnjouCharles IV, Duke of AnjouCharles IV, Duke of Anjou, also Charles of Maine, Count of Le Maine and Guise was the son of the Angevin prince Charles of Le Maine, Count of Maine, who was the youngest son of Louis II of Anjou and Yolande of Aragon, Queen of Four Kingdoms.He succeeded his father as Count of Maine, Guise, Mortain...
- 1481–1493 René II, Duke of LorraineRené II, Duke of LorraineRené II was Count of Vaudémont from 1470, Duke of Lorraine from 1473, and Duke of Bar from 1483 to 1508. He claimed the crown of the Kingdom of Naples and the County of Provence as the Duke of Calabria 1480–1493 and as King of Naples and Jerusalem 1493–1508...
- 1493–1544 Antoine, Duke of LorraineAntoine, Duke of LorraineAntoine , known as the Good, was Duke of Lorraine from 1508 until his death in 1544.-Biography:Antoine was born at Bar-le-Duc, the son of René II, Duke of Lorraine and Philippa of Guelders...
- 1544–1545 Francis I, Duke of LorraineFrancis I, Duke of LorraineFrancis I was a member of the French nobility. He was briefly Duke of Lorraine from 1544–1545.-History:...
- 1545–1608 Charles III, Duke of LorraineCharles III, Duke of LorraineCharles III , known as the Great, was Duke of Lorraine from 1545 until his death.-History:He was the eldest surviving son of Francis I, Duke of Lorraine, and Christina of Denmark...
- 1608–1624 Henry II, Duke of LorraineHenry II, Duke of LorraineHenry II was Duke of Lorraine from 1608 until his death. His two daughters were Duchesses of Lorraine by marriage. He was also the brother-in-law of King Henry IV of France.-History and Family:...
- 1624 Francis II, Duke of LorraineFrancis II, Duke of LorraineFrancis II , was the son of Charles III, Duke of Lorraine and Claude of Valois. He was Duke of Lorraine briefly in 1624, quickly abdicating in favour of his son.-Biography:...
- 1624–1634 Charles IV, Duke of LorraineCharles IV, Duke of LorraineCharles IV was Duke of Lorraine from 1624 to 1634, when he abdicated under French pressure in favor of his younger brother, and again from 1661 until 1675.- Biography :...
- 1634–1661 Nicholas II, Duke of LorraineNicholas II, Duke of LorraineNicholas Francis , also known as Nicholas II, was briefly Duke of Lorraine and Duke of Bar for a few months in 1634, spanning the time between the abdication of his older brother and his own resignation...
- 1661–1675 Charles IV, Duke of LorraineCharles IV, Duke of LorraineCharles IV was Duke of Lorraine from 1624 to 1634, when he abdicated under French pressure in favor of his younger brother, and again from 1661 until 1675.- Biography :...
- 1675–1690 Charles V, Duke of LorraineCharles V, Duke of LorraineCharles V , Karl V. Leopold, , son of Nicolas François, Duke of Lorraine, and Claude Françoise de Lorraine. Karl Leopold was born in Vienna and became the brother in law of Emperor Leopold and son in law of emperor Ferdinand III...
- 1690–1729 Leopold, Duke of LorraineLeopold, Duke of LorraineLeopold , surnamed the Good, was Duke of Lorraine and Bar from 1690 to his death.-Early life:Leopold Joseph Charles Dominique Agapet Hyacinthe was the son of Charles V, Duke of Lorraine, and his wife Eleonora Maria Josefa of Austria, a half-sister of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor.At the time of...
- 1729–1765 Francis I, Holy Roman EmperorFrancis I, Holy Roman EmperorFrancis I was Holy Roman Emperor and Grand Duke of Tuscany, though his wife effectively executed the real power of those positions. With his wife, Maria Theresa, he was the founder of the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty...
- 1765–1790 Joseph II, Holy Roman EmperorJoseph II, Holy Roman EmperorJoseph II was Holy Roman Emperor from 1765 to 1790 and ruler of the Habsburg lands from 1780 to 1790. He was the eldest son of Empress Maria Theresa and her husband, Francis I...
- 1790–1804 Leopold II, Holy Roman EmperorLeopold II, Holy Roman EmperorLeopold II , born Peter Leopold Joseph Anton Joachim Pius Gotthard, was Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary and Bohemia from 1790 to 1792, Archduke of Austria and Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1765 to 1790. He was a son of Emperor Francis I and his wife, Empress Maria Theresa...
House of Aragon
- 1458-1494 Alfonso II of NaplesAlfonso II of NaplesAlfonso II of Naples , also called Alfonso II d'Aragon, was King of Naples from 25 January 1494 to 22 February 1495 with the title King of Naples and Jerusalem...
- 1494–1550 Ferdinand of AragónFerdinand of Aragón, Duke of CalabriaFor the prince known by this name between 1825 and 1830, see Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies. For the head of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies from 1934 to 1960, see Prince Ferdinand Pius, Duke of Calabria....
- 1501–1504 Ferdinand II of AragonFerdinand II of AragonFerdinand the Catholic was King of Aragon , Sicily , Naples , Valencia, Sardinia, and Navarre, Count of Barcelona, jure uxoris King of Castile and then regent of that country also from 1508 to his death, in the name of...
House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
As royal title for the heir apparent to the throne:- 1747–1777 Infante FelipePrince Philip, Duke of CalabriaPhilip of Naples and Sicily, Duke of Calabria was the eldest son and heir of Charles III of Spain, but was excluded from the succession to the thrones of Spain and Naples due to his imbecility. His younger brothers, Charles IV of Spain and Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies replaced him in the...
(or Philip) (excluded from succession due to mental illness) - 1775–1778 Carlo, Duke of CalabriaCarlo, Duke of CalabriaCarlo of Naples and Sicily was a Prince of Naples and Sicily and Duke of Calabria. He died in infancy of smallpox.-Biography:Born at the Caserta Palace near Naples, he was created Duke of Calabria at birth as the heir apparent to his father's throne...
(died before accession to the throne) - 1778-1825 Francis I of the Two SiciliesFrancis I of the Two Sicilies-Biography:Francis was born in Naples, the son of Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies and his wife Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria. He was also the nephew of Marie Antoinette and Louis XVI the last King and Queen of France before the first French Republic....
(title dropped on accession to the throne) - 1810-1830 Ferdinand II of the Two SiciliesFerdinand II of the Two SiciliesFerdinand II was King of the Two Sicilies from 1830 until his death.-Family:Ferdinand was born in Palermo, the son of King Francis I of the Two Sicilies and his wife and first cousin Maria Isabella of Spain.His paternal grandparents were King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Queen Marie...
(title dropped on accession to the throne) - 1830-1859 Francis II of the Two SiciliesFrancis II of the Two SiciliesFrancis II , was King of the Two Sicilies from 1859 to 1861. He was the last King of the Two Sicilies, as successive invasions by Giuseppe Garibaldi and Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia ultimately brought an end to his rule, and marked the first major event of Italian unification...
(title dropped on accession to the throne) - 1894-1934 Prince Alfonso, Count of CasertaPrince Alfonso, Count of CasertaPrince Alfonso Maria Giuseppe Alberto of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Count of Caserta was the third son of Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies and Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria....
(he never used the title)
As customary title of the head of the House:
- 1934-1960 Prince Ferdinando Pius
Spanish title claimants of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
As customary title of the claimant to the headship of the House:- 1960-1964 Infante AlfonsoInfante Alfonso, Duke of CalabriaInfante Alfonso, Duke of Calabria was one of two claimants to the title of the head of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies from 1960 until his death in 1964...
- 1964-present Infante CarlosInfante Carlos, Duke of CalabriaInfante Carlos of Spain, Prince of the Two Sicilies, Duke of Calabria, KOGF, KGCHS is the son of Don Alfonso of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Duke of Calabria and Princess Alicia of Bourbon-Parma .-Biography:Infante Carlos is one of two claimants of the dignity of...
Italian title claimants of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
As customary title for the heir of the claimant to the headship of the House:- 1973–2008 Prince CarloPrince Carlo, Duke of CastroPrince Carlo of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Duke of Castro is one of two claimants to the headship of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies.-Early life and education:...
(title dropped on succeeding his father as claimant to the headship)
See also
- List of monarchs of Sicily
- List of monarchs of Naples
- List of Counts and Dukes of Apulia and Calabria
- Scilla, Calabria
- Queen Paola of BelgiumQueen Paola of BelgiumPaola, Queen of the Belgians , is the queen consort of Albert II of Belgium....