Disc wobble
Encyclopedia
Disc wobble, also called wobble groove, is a technology developed by Royal Philips
Electronics NV. This technology together with digital watermarking
could ensure that only authentic discs would be played on the next generation players that will respect these proposed forms of copy protection
(see also Digital rights management
).
This technique encodes hidden protection data onto the lead-in groove along the inner edge of a disc in a difficult-to-duplicate manner. Normally, discs grooves form a smooth spiral, with the data encoded as reflective and absorptive spots along the path. Disc wobble reshapes the groove by wiggling the path back and forth ever so slightly in a pattern that conveys the ons and offs of digital data.
The wobble is too fast for the laser
pickup head to physically follow, but the error signals that keep the head’s lens on track move in step with the wobble. This allows the protection data to be read by an appropriately equipped player, entirely separate from the normal data recorded in the track. If a decryption or authentication key is encoded in the wobble, then only discs which reproduce the wobble will be playable. Due to the sophisticated technologies needed to manufacture such discs, pirating authentic wobbled discs would be next to impossible.
To assure copy protection of original discs, the initial problem is to detect whether the recording device is playing read-only discs or (re)writable discs. For this reason Phillips has presented the pregroove-wobble. This technology only exists in (re)writable discs and together with pregroove-wobble detectors present in recording devices will prevent original discs from being copied.
If the recording device does not detect the disc as a (re)writable disc, that is, a read only disc, the device will not be able to copy the data from that disc. Therefore recording devices will only work with (re)writable discs, which are not original discs.
Read-only discs, as said before, will also use wobble technology. In this case, an authentication key will be encoded in the wobble and only devices that use this technology will be able to play these discs.
With the above said it is ensured copy-protection by using the wobble disc technology and just adding a pregroove-wobble detector to devices, this turns out to be a very low additional cost for the devices and a strong copy protection system.
Ultimately, like all other measures for copy protection of noninteractive works, a measure based on disc wobble fails to prevent copying through the analog hole
.
If a work can be viewed, it can be recorded.
Philips
Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. , more commonly known as Philips, is a multinational Dutch electronics company....
Electronics NV. This technology together with digital watermarking
Digital watermarking
Digital watermarking is the process of embedding information into a digital signal which may be used to verify its authenticity or the identity of its owners, in the same manner as paper bearing a watermark for visible identification. In digital watermarking, the signal may be audio, pictures, or...
could ensure that only authentic discs would be played on the next generation players that will respect these proposed forms of copy protection
Copy protection
Copy protection, also known as content protection, copy obstruction, copy prevention and copy restriction, refer to techniques used for preventing the reproduction of software, films, music, and other media, usually for copyright reasons.- Terminology :Media corporations have always used the term...
(see also Digital rights management
Digital rights management
Digital rights management is a class of access control technologies that are used by hardware manufacturers, publishers, copyright holders and individuals with the intent to limit the use of digital content and devices after sale. DRM is any technology that inhibits uses of digital content that...
).
This technique encodes hidden protection data onto the lead-in groove along the inner edge of a disc in a difficult-to-duplicate manner. Normally, discs grooves form a smooth spiral, with the data encoded as reflective and absorptive spots along the path. Disc wobble reshapes the groove by wiggling the path back and forth ever so slightly in a pattern that conveys the ons and offs of digital data.
The wobble is too fast for the laser
Laser
A laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of photons. The term "laser" originated as an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation...
pickup head to physically follow, but the error signals that keep the head’s lens on track move in step with the wobble. This allows the protection data to be read by an appropriately equipped player, entirely separate from the normal data recorded in the track. If a decryption or authentication key is encoded in the wobble, then only discs which reproduce the wobble will be playable. Due to the sophisticated technologies needed to manufacture such discs, pirating authentic wobbled discs would be next to impossible.
Solution proposed
If the recording device does not detect the disc as a (re)writable disc, that is, a read only disc, the device will not be able to copy the data from that disc. Therefore recording devices will only work with (re)writable discs, which are not original discs.
Read-only discs, as said before, will also use wobble technology. In this case, an authentication key will be encoded in the wobble and only devices that use this technology will be able to play these discs.
With the above said it is ensured copy-protection by using the wobble disc technology and just adding a pregroove-wobble detector to devices, this turns out to be a very low additional cost for the devices and a strong copy protection system.
Advantages and disadvantages
Although it is a proprietary technology, disc wobble could turn out to be a very solid technique for copy protection. Original discs, that is, read-only discs will not be able to be copied by a recording device and therefore the pirating of original content will not be possible. Furthermore the low added cost that this technology will suppose for player device manufacturers is also a point to take into account. On the other side of the balance the adoption of this technique would make useless the actual playing devices and old (re)writable discs would not work any more.Ultimately, like all other measures for copy protection of noninteractive works, a measure based on disc wobble fails to prevent copying through the analog hole
Analog hole
The analog hole is a fundamental and inevitable vulnerability in copy protection schemes for noninteractive works in digital formats which can be exploited to duplicate copy-protected works that are ultimately reproduced using analog means...
.
If a work can be viewed, it can be recorded.