Dicaeum
Encyclopedia
_with_a_muntingia_calabura_(singapur_cherry)_fruit_w2_img_8494.jpg)
Bird
Birds are feathered, winged, bipedal, endothermic , egg-laying, vertebrate animals. Around 10,000 living species and 188 families makes them the most speciose class of tetrapod vertebrates. They inhabit ecosystems across the globe, from the Arctic to the Antarctic. Extant birds range in size from...
s in the flowerpecker
Flowerpecker
The flowerpeckers are a family, Dicaeidae , of passerine birds. The family comprises two genera, Prionochilus and Dicaeum, with 44 species in total. The family has sometimes been included in an enlarged sunbird family Nectariniidae. The berrypeckers of the family Melanocharitidae and the painted...
family, a group of passerine
Passerine
A passerine is a bird of the order Passeriformes, which includes more than half of all bird species. Sometimes known as perching birds or, less accurately, as songbirds, the passerines form one of the most diverse terrestrial vertebrate orders: with over 5,000 identified species, it has roughly...
s tropical southern Asia and Australasia
Australasia
Australasia is a region of Oceania comprising Australia, New Zealand, the island of New Guinea, and neighbouring islands in the Pacific Ocean. The term was coined by Charles de Brosses in Histoire des navigations aux terres australes...
from India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
east to the Philippines
Philippines
The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...
and south to Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
. The genus is closely related to the genus Prionochilus
Prionochilus
Prionochilus is one of two genera flowerpecker that make up the family Dicaeidae. The genus differs from the other flowerpecker genus, Dicaeum in having ten long primary feathers in the wing and in the character of its calls. A study comparing the calls of the two genera suggested that Prionochilus...
and forms a monophyletic group.
Its members are very small, stout, often brightly coloured birds, 10 to 18 cm in length, with short tails, short thick curved bills and tubular tongues. The latter features reflect the importance of nectar in the diet of many species, although berries, spiders and insects are also taken.
2-4 eggs are laid, typically in a purse-like nest suspended from a tree.
Species in taxonomic order
- Golden-rumped FlowerpeckerGolden-rumped FlowerpeckerThe Golden-rumped Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family.It is endemic to Indonesia.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.-References:...
, Dicaeum annae - Thick-billed FlowerpeckerThick-billed FlowerpeckerThe Thick-billed Flowerpecker is a tiny bird in the flowerpecker group. They feed predominantly on fruits and are active birds that are mainly seen in the tops of trees in forests...
, Dicaeum agile - Brown-backed FlowerpeckerBrown-backed FlowerpeckerThe Brown-backed Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family. The scientific name commemorates British colonial administrator and zoological collector Alfred Hart Everett.-Distribution and habitat:...
, Dicaeum everetti - Whiskered FlowerpeckerWhiskered FlowerpeckerThe Whiskered Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family. It is endemic to the island of Mindanao in the Philippines....
, Dicaeum proprium - Yellow-vented FlowerpeckerYellow-vented FlowerpeckerThe Yellow-vented Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family. It is found in Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam...
, Dicaeum chrysorrheum - Yellow-bellied FlowerpeckerYellow-bellied FlowerpeckerThe Yellow-bellied Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family.It is found in Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, and Vietnam. Its natural habitats are temperate forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.-References:* BirdLife...
, Dicaeum melanoxanthum - White-throated FlowerpeckerWhite-throated FlowerpeckerLegge's Flowerpecker or White-throated Flowerpecker is a small passerine bird. It is an endemic resident breeder in Sri Lanka. It is named after the Australian ornithologist William Vincent Legge....
, Dicaeum vincens - Yellow-sided FlowerpeckerYellow-sided FlowerpeckerThe Yellow-sided Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family.It is endemic to Sulawesi and adjacent islands in Indonesia....
, Dicaeum aureolimbatum - Olive-capped FlowerpeckerOlive-capped FlowerpeckerThe Olive-capped Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family. It is endemic to the island of Mindanao in the Philippines.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.-References:...
, Dicaeum nigrilore - Flame-crowned FlowerpeckerFlame-crowned FlowerpeckerThe Flame-crowned Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family. It is endemic to the Philippines.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is becoming rare due to habitat loss....
, Dicaeum anthonyi - Bicolored Flowerpecker, Dicaeum bicolor
- Cebu FlowerpeckerCebu FlowerpeckerThe Cebu Flowerpecker is a small passerine bird. It is endemic to Cebu Island in the Philippines.The Cebu Flowerpecker is a critically endangered breeding bird...
, Dicaeum quadricolor - Red-striped FlowerpeckerRed-striped FlowerpeckerThe Red-keeled Flowerpecker or Red-striped Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family. It is endemic to the Philippines. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. The Black-belted Flowerpecker The Red-keeled Flowerpecker or Red-striped Flowerpecker...
, Dicaeum australe - Visayan FlowerpeckerVisayan FlowerpeckerThe Black-belted Flowerpecker or Visayan Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family. It is endemic to the Philippines where it is restricted to Panay, Negros and Guimaras islands. It was formerly regarded as a subspecies of the more widespread Red-keeled Flowerpecker...
, Dicaeum haematostictum - Scarlet-collared FlowerpeckerScarlet-collared FlowerpeckerThe Scarlet-collared Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family.It is endemic to the Philippines.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.It is threatened by habitat loss....
, Dicaeum retrocinctum - Orange-bellied FlowerpeckerOrange-bellied FlowerpeckerThe Orange-bellied Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family. It is found in Bangladesh, Brunei, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand....
, Dicaeum trigonostigma - Pale-billed FlowerpeckerPale-billed FlowerpeckerTickell's Flowerpecker or Pale-billed Flowerpecker is a tiny bird that feeds on nectar and berries, found in India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. The bird is common especially in urban gardens with berry bearing trees...
, Dicaeum erythrorhynchos - Nilgiri Flowerpecker, Dicaeum concolor
- Plain FlowerpeckerPlain FlowerpeckerThe Nilgiri Flowerpecker is a tiny bird in the flowerpecker family. Formerly a subspecies of what used to be termed as the Plain Flowerpecker although that name is now reserved for Dicaeum minullum. Like others of the group, it feeds predominantly on nectar and fruits...
, Dicaeum minullum - Flame-breasted FlowerpeckerFlame-breasted FlowerpeckerThe Flame-breasted Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family. It is endemic to the Maluku Islands in Indonesia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.The nominate subspecies D. e. erythrothorax is...
, Dicaeum erythrothorax - White-bellied Flowerpecker, Dicaeum hypoleucum
- Pygmy FlowerpeckerPygmy FlowerpeckerThe Pygmy Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family.It is endemic to the Philippines.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests....
, Dicaeum pygmaeum - Crimson-crowned FlowerpeckerCrimson-crowned FlowerpeckerThe Crimson-crowned Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family. It is endemic to the island of Sulawesi in Indonesia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.-References:* BirdLife International 2004. ...
, Dicaeum nehrkorni - Ashy FlowerpeckerAshy FlowerpeckerThe Ashy Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family. It is endemic to Indonesia where it occurs on Seram, Ambon and nearby islands. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.-References:* BirdLife...
, Dicaeum vulneratum - Olive-crowned FlowerpeckerOlive-crowned FlowerpeckerThe Olive-crowned Flowerpecker is a small passerine bird in the flowerpecker family, Dicaeidae. It is found in far western New Guinea and on adjacent islands. There are two subspecies: D. p. ignotum on Gebe Island and D. p. pectorale elsewhere. The Red-capped Flowerpecker and Louisiade...
, Dicaeum pectorale - Red-capped FlowerpeckerRed-capped FlowerpeckerThe Red-capped Flowerpecker is a small passerine bird endemic to, and widespread within, New Guinea and adjacent islands...
, Dicaeum geelvinkianum - Louisiade FlowerpeckerLouisiade FlowerpeckerThe Louisiade Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family.It is endemic to Papua New Guinea.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.-References:...
, Dicaeum nitidum - Red-banded FlowerpeckerRed-banded FlowerpeckerThe Red-banded Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family.It is endemic to Papua New Guinea.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.-References:...
, Dicaeum eximium - Midget FlowerpeckerMidget FlowerpeckerThe Midget Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family. It is found in the Solomon Islands including Bougainville Island which belongs to Papua New Guinea...
, Dicaeum aeneum - Mottled FlowerpeckerMottled FlowerpeckerThe White-mottled Flowerpecker or Mottled Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family. It is endemic to Makira in the Solomon Islands. Its inhabits primary forest and secondary growth, most commonly in the mountains.-References:* BirdLife International 2004. . Downloaded on 25...
, Dicaeum tristrami - Black-fronted FlowerpeckerBlack-fronted FlowerpeckerThe Black-fronted Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family. It is endemic to the Lesser Sunda Islands in Indonesia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.-References:* BirdLife International 2004. ...
, Dicaeum igniferum - Red-chested FlowerpeckerRed-chested FlowerpeckerThe Blue-cheeked Flowerpecker or Red-chested Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family. It is found on the Lesser Sunda Islands in Indonesia and East Timor. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane...
, Dicaeum maugei - Fire-breasted FlowerpeckerFire-breasted FlowerpeckerThe Fire-breasted Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family found in South and Southeast Asia. Like other flowerpeckers, this tiny bird feeds on fruits and plays an important role in the dispersal of fruiting plants...
, Dicaeum ignipectus - Black-sided FlowerpeckerBlack-sided FlowerpeckerThe Black-sided Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family. It is found in Indonesia and Malaysia in northern Borneo. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.-References:* BirdLife International 2004. ...
, Dicaeum monticolum - Grey-sided FlowerpeckerGrey-sided FlowerpeckerThe Grey-sided Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family. It is endemic to Indonesia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests....
, Dicaeum celebicum - Blood-breasted FlowerpeckerBlood-breasted FlowerpeckerThe Blood-breasted Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family. It is endemic to Indonesia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.-References:* BirdLife International 2004. . Downloaded on 25 July...
, Dicaeum sanguinolentum - MistletoebirdMistletoebirdThe Mistletoebird is a species of flowerpecker native to most of Australia , and also to the eastern Maluku Islands of Indonesia in the Arafura Sea between Australia and New Guinea. They also must live where there are trees and shrubs, so that they can build their nests...
, Dicaeum hirundinaceum - Scarlet-backed FlowerpeckerScarlet-backed FlowerpeckerThe Scarlet-backed Flowerpecker is a species of passerine bird in the flowerpecker family Dicaeidae. Sexually dimorphic, the male has navy blue upperparts with a bright red streak down its back from its crown to its tail coverts, while the female and juvenile are predominantly olive green...
, Dicaeum cruentatum - Scarlet-headed FlowerpeckerScarlet-headed FlowerpeckerThe Scarlet-headed Flowerpecker is a species of bird in the Dicaeidae family.It is endemic to Indonesia.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical mangrove forests....
, Dicaeum trochileum