Daniel Hack Tuke
Encyclopedia
Daniel Hack Tuke was an English physician and expert on mental illness
.
from York
who were interested in mental illness and concerned with those afflicted. His great-grandfather William Tuke
and his grandfather Henry Tuke
co-founded the Retreat
, which revolutionized the treatment of insane people.
His father Samuel Tuke carried on the work of the York Retreat and reported on its methods and its results. Daniel's older brother James Hack Tuke
was the next overseer of the York Retreat. He was the youngest son of Samuel Tuke and Priscilla Hack, his wife. James Hack Tuke
(1819–1896) was his elder brother
in London in 1850, he became a member of the Royal College of Surgeons
in 1852, and graduated M.D. at Heidelberg in 1853. In 1858, in collaboration with John Charles Bucknill
, he published a Manual of Psychological Medicine, which was for many years regarded as a standard work on lunacy
.
In 1853 he visited a number of foreign asylum
s, and later returning to York he became visiting physician to the York Retreat and the York Dispensary, lecturing also to the York School of Medicine on mental diseases.
In 1859 ill health obliged him to give up his work, and for the next fourteen years he lived at Falmouth
. In 1875 he settled in London as a specialist in mental diseases. In 1880 he became joint editor of the Journal of Mental Science.
RA (1858–1929).
Mental illness
A mental disorder or mental illness is a psychological or behavioral pattern generally associated with subjective distress or disability that occurs in an individual, and which is not a part of normal development or culture. Such a disorder may consist of a combination of affective, behavioural,...
.
Family
Tuke came from a long line of QuakersReligious Society of Friends
The Religious Society of Friends, or Friends Church, is a Christian movement which stresses the doctrine of the priesthood of all believers. Members are known as Friends, or popularly as Quakers. It is made of independent organisations, which have split from one another due to doctrinal differences...
from York
York
York is a walled city, situated at the confluence of the Rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. The city has a rich heritage and has provided the backdrop to major political events throughout much of its two millennia of existence...
who were interested in mental illness and concerned with those afflicted. His great-grandfather William Tuke
William Tuke
William Tuke was an English businessman, philanthropist and Quaker. He was instrumental in the development of more humane methods in the custody and care of people with mental disorders, an approach that came to be known as moral treatment.-Career:Tuke was born in York to a leading Quaker family...
and his grandfather Henry Tuke
Henry Tuke
Henry Tuke co-operated with his father in the reforms at the Retreat asylum in York, England.He was the author of several moral and theological treatises which have been translated into German and French.-Historic ship:...
co-founded the Retreat
The Retreat
The Retreat, commonly known as the York Retreat, is a place in England for the treatment of people with mental health needs. Located in Lamel Hill in York, it operates as a not for profit charitable organisation....
, which revolutionized the treatment of insane people.
His father Samuel Tuke carried on the work of the York Retreat and reported on its methods and its results. Daniel's older brother James Hack Tuke
James Hack Tuke
James Hack Tuke was born at York, England, the son of Samuel Tuke.He was educated at the Religious Society of Friends school there, and after working for a time in his father's wholesale tea business, became in 1852 a partner in the banking firm of Sharples and Co., and went to live at Hitchin in...
was the next overseer of the York Retreat. He was the youngest son of Samuel Tuke and Priscilla Hack, his wife. James Hack Tuke
James Hack Tuke
James Hack Tuke was born at York, England, the son of Samuel Tuke.He was educated at the Religious Society of Friends school there, and after working for a time in his father's wholesale tea business, became in 1852 a partner in the banking firm of Sharples and Co., and went to live at Hitchin in...
(1819–1896) was his elder brother
Career
In 1845 Daniel Tuke entered the office of a solicitor at Bradford, but in 1847 began work at the York Retreat. Entering St Bartholomew's HospitalSt Bartholomew's Hospital
St Bartholomew's Hospital, also known as Barts, is a hospital in Smithfield in the City of London, England.-Early history:It was founded in 1123 by Raherus or Rahere , a favourite courtier of King Henry I...
in London in 1850, he became a member of the Royal College of Surgeons
Royal College of Surgeons of England
The Royal College of Surgeons of England is an independent professional body and registered charity committed to promoting and advancing the highest standards of surgical care for patients, regulating surgery, including dentistry, in England and Wales...
in 1852, and graduated M.D. at Heidelberg in 1853. In 1858, in collaboration with John Charles Bucknill
John Charles Bucknill
Sir John Charles Bucknill FRS English mental health reformer. Father of judge Sir Thomas Townsend Bucknill QC MP.-Biography:Bucknill was born in Market Bosworth, Leicestershire, and educated at Rugby School and at University College, London...
, he published a Manual of Psychological Medicine, which was for many years regarded as a standard work on lunacy
Lunacy
Lunacy may refer to:* Lunacy, the condition suffered by a lunatic, now used only informally* Lunacy , a 2005 Jan Švankmajer's film* Lunacy , a video game for Sega Saturn* Luna Sea, a Japanese rock band originally named Lunacy...
.
In 1853 he visited a number of foreign asylum
Mental Hospital
Mental hospital may refer to:*Psychiatric hospital*hospital in Nepal named Mental Hospital...
s, and later returning to York he became visiting physician to the York Retreat and the York Dispensary, lecturing also to the York School of Medicine on mental diseases.
In 1859 ill health obliged him to give up his work, and for the next fourteen years he lived at Falmouth
Falmouth, Cornwall
Falmouth is a town, civil parish and port on the River Fal on the south coast of Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It has a total resident population of 21,635.Falmouth is the terminus of the A39, which begins some 200 miles away in Bath, Somerset....
. In 1875 he settled in London as a specialist in mental diseases. In 1880 he became joint editor of the Journal of Mental Science.
Marriage
In 1853 he married Esther Maria Stickney (1826–1917). They had three children, the second son being Henry Scott TukeHenry Scott Tuke
Henry Scott Tuke, RA RWS , was a British visual artist; primarily a painter, but also a photographer. His most notable work was in the Impressionist style, and he is probably best known for his paintings of nude boys and young men....
RA (1858–1929).
Publications
Incomplete list- Illustrations of the Influence of the Mind on the Body (1872)
- Insanity in Ancient and Modern Life (1878)
- History of the Insane in the British Isles (1882)
- Sleepwalking and Hypnotism (1884)
- Past and Present Provision for the Insane Poor in Yorkshire (1889)
- Dictionary of Psychological Medicine (1892).