Daniel Dole
Encyclopedia
Daniel Dole was a Protestant missionary educator from the United States
to the Hawaiian Islands
.
. His father was Wigglesworth Dole (1779–1845) and mother was Elizabeth Haskell.
In 1836 he graduated from Bowdoin College
, and in 1839 from the Bangor Theological Seminary
.
On October 2, 1840 he married Emily Hoyt Ballard (1808–1844). They sailed in the ninth company of missionaries to Hawaii from the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions
on the ship Gloucester, leaving from Boston
on November 14, 1840 and arriving to Honolulu on May 21, 1841. Also in this company were John Davis Paris
, Elias Bond
, and William Harrison Rice
.
Punahou School
was just being organized at the time on land given to Hiram Bingham I
. Dole, his wife, and Marcia Smith were its first teachers when it opened on July 11, 1842, and Dole became principal as faculty grew. William Harrison Rice and his wife were added in 1844. The school was the first to use the English language
to educate children of missionaries instead of the Hawaiian language
.
After his first wife died from childbirth complications on April 27, 1844, he married Charlotte Close Knapp (1813–1874) in 1846.
Academic politics also grew with the Punahou School's enrollment. Originally intended only for children of missionaries, Dole allowed other non-Hawaiian children to enroll. Dole responded to cutbacks in funding by employing students to grow their own food. By May 23, 1853, the school was re-chartered with the name Oahu College, administered by a board of trustees and in September, Reverend Edward Griffin Beckwith was named president.
Dole continued to teach through 1854, and then resigned. The Dole and Rice families moved to Kōloa
on the island of Kauai
, and started a small boarding school there in 1855. His first students were his two sons and the Rices' daughter Maria.
He never learned the Hawaiian language, but conducted services at two small English language churches in the area.
He died in his son George's house in Kapaa on August 26, 1878.
He was buried in what is now the Līhuʻe cemetery.
on August 17, 1867 and had 13 children.
George became a soldier in the Hawaiian Royal Guard in 1874, and was appointed to the House of Nobles in the legislature of the Hawaiian Kingdom
representing Kauai in the 1887 session.
In the 1870s he traveled to Salt Lake City, Utah
and met Brigham Young
. In 1890 George and his family moved to Riverside, California
.
His second son, Stephen A. Dole (1843-1902), served as a U.S. government clerk in Washington DC for the 1865 U.S. treaty with the Ponca, first postmaster of Lake City, Colorado
in 1875, and U.S. Indian Agent to the Ute
at the White Rocks Agency in Colorado
.
His third son, Sanford Ballard Dole (1844–1926), became a judge, and after the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii president of the Republic of Hawaii
and first governor of the Territory of Hawaii
.
Daniel Dole's second wife was widow of Horton Owen Knapp, whose sister Millicent Knapp (1816–1891) married missionary doctor James William Smith (1810–1887). The Smiths' son William Owen Smith
would also become very active in politics.
George and Sanford were both buried in the cemetery at Kawaiahaʻo Church near the Mission Houses Museum
.
Oahu College changed its name back to Punahou School in 1934, and had many influential alumni
through the years, including US President Barack Obama
.
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
to the Hawaiian Islands
Hawaiian Islands
The Hawaiian Islands are an archipelago of eight major islands, several atolls, numerous smaller islets, and undersea seamounts in the North Pacific Ocean, extending some 1,500 miles from the island of Hawaii in the south to northernmost Kure Atoll...
.
Life
Daniel Dole as born September 9, 1808 in Skowhegan, MaineSkowhegan, Maine
Skowhegan is the county seat of Somerset County, Maine, United States. As of the 2000 census, the town population was 8,824. Every August, Skowhegan hosts the annual Skowhegan State Fair, the oldest continuous state fair in the United States...
. His father was Wigglesworth Dole (1779–1845) and mother was Elizabeth Haskell.
In 1836 he graduated from Bowdoin College
Bowdoin College
Bowdoin College , founded in 1794, is an elite private liberal arts college located in the coastal Maine town of Brunswick, Maine. As of 2011, U.S. News and World Report ranks Bowdoin 6th among liberal arts colleges in the United States. At times, it was ranked as high as 4th in the country. It is...
, and in 1839 from the Bangor Theological Seminary
Bangor Theological Seminary
Located in Bangor, Maine, and Portland, Maine, Bangor Theological Seminary is an ecumenical seminary, founded in 1814, in the Congregational tradition of the United Church of Christ. It is the only accredited graduate school of religion in Northern New England....
.
On October 2, 1840 he married Emily Hoyt Ballard (1808–1844). They sailed in the ninth company of missionaries to Hawaii from the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions
American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions
The American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions was the first American Christian foreign mission agency. It was proposed in 1810 by recent graduates of Williams College and officially chartered in 1812. In 1961 it merged with other societies to form the United Church Board for World...
on the ship Gloucester, leaving from Boston
Boston
Boston is the capital of and largest city in Massachusetts, and is one of the oldest cities in the United States. The largest city in New England, Boston is regarded as the unofficial "Capital of New England" for its economic and cultural impact on the entire New England region. The city proper had...
on November 14, 1840 and arriving to Honolulu on May 21, 1841. Also in this company were John Davis Paris
John Davis Paris
John Davis Paris was an American Christian missionary to the island of Hawaii. Coming to the island by accident, he supervised construction of several historic churches, some of which survive today.-Life:...
, Elias Bond
Elias Bond
The Bond District is a collection of historic buildings located in the district of North Kohala on the island of Hawaii.The district has three sections: the homestead of missionaries Ellen and Reverend Elias Bond , Kalahikiola Church, and the Kohala Seminary.-Ellen and Elias Bond:Elias Bond was...
, and William Harrison Rice
William Harrison Rice
William Harrison Rice was a missionary teacher from the United States who traveled to the Hawaiian Islands and managed an early sugar plantation.-Life:...
.
Punahou School
Punahou School
Punahou School, once known as Oahu College, is a private, co-educational, college preparatory school located in Honolulu CDP, City and County of Honolulu in the U.S. State of Hawaii...
was just being organized at the time on land given to Hiram Bingham I
Hiram Bingham I
Hiram Bingham, formally Hiram Bingham I , was leader of the first group of Protestant missionaries to introduce Christianity to the Hawaiian islands.-Life:...
. Dole, his wife, and Marcia Smith were its first teachers when it opened on July 11, 1842, and Dole became principal as faculty grew. William Harrison Rice and his wife were added in 1844. The school was the first to use the English language
English language
English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria...
to educate children of missionaries instead of the Hawaiian language
Hawaiian language
The Hawaiian language is a Polynesian language that takes its name from Hawaii, the largest island in the tropical North Pacific archipelago where it developed. Hawaiian, along with English, is an official language of the state of Hawaii...
.
After his first wife died from childbirth complications on April 27, 1844, he married Charlotte Close Knapp (1813–1874) in 1846.
Academic politics also grew with the Punahou School's enrollment. Originally intended only for children of missionaries, Dole allowed other non-Hawaiian children to enroll. Dole responded to cutbacks in funding by employing students to grow their own food. By May 23, 1853, the school was re-chartered with the name Oahu College, administered by a board of trustees and in September, Reverend Edward Griffin Beckwith was named president.
Dole continued to teach through 1854, and then resigned. The Dole and Rice families moved to Kōloa
Koloa, Hawaii
Kōloa is a census-designated place in Kauai County, Hawaii, United States. The population was 1,942 at the 2000 census. Kōloa is often incorrectly translated as native duck, which is the correct translation for the similar-looking koloa . Kōloa has no known translation...
on the island of Kauai
Kauai
Kauai or Kauai, known as Tauai in the ancient Kaua'i dialect, is geologically the oldest of the main Hawaiian Islands. With an area of , it is the fourth largest of the main islands in the Hawaiian archipelago, and the 21st largest island in the United States. Known also as the "Garden Isle",...
, and started a small boarding school there in 1855. His first students were his two sons and the Rices' daughter Maria.
He never learned the Hawaiian language, but conducted services at two small English language churches in the area.
He died in his son George's house in Kapaa on August 26, 1878.
He was buried in what is now the Līhuʻe cemetery.
Legacy
His first son George Hathaway Dole (1842–1912) married Clara Maria Rowell (1847–1916), daughter of missionary Revered George Berkeley Rowell (1815–1884) of WaioliWaioli Mission District
The Waioli Mission District at Hanalei Bay, on Route 560 along the north shore of the island of Kauai, is the site of a historic mission. The first permanent missionaries to the area arrived in 1834, and the district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.-Description:Wai oli...
on August 17, 1867 and had 13 children.
George became a soldier in the Hawaiian Royal Guard in 1874, and was appointed to the House of Nobles in the legislature of the Hawaiian Kingdom
Legislature of the Hawaiian Kingdom
The Legislature of the Hawaiian Kingdom was the bicameral legislature of the Kingdom of Hawaii. A royal legislature was first provided by the 1840 Constitution and the 1852 Constitution was the first to use the term "Legislature of the Hawaiian Kingdom", and the first to subject the monarch to...
representing Kauai in the 1887 session.
In the 1870s he traveled to Salt Lake City, Utah
Salt Lake City, Utah
Salt Lake City is the capital and the most populous city of the U.S. state of Utah. The name of the city is often shortened to Salt Lake or SLC. With a population of 186,440 as of the 2010 Census, the city lies in the Salt Lake City metropolitan area, which has a total population of 1,124,197...
and met Brigham Young
Brigham Young
Brigham Young was an American leader in the Latter Day Saint movement and a settler of the Western United States. He was the President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints from 1847 until his death in 1877, he founded Salt Lake City, and he served as the first governor of the Utah...
. In 1890 George and his family moved to Riverside, California
Riverside, California
Riverside is a city in Riverside County, California, United States, and the county seat of the eponymous county. Named for its location beside the Santa Ana River, it is the largest city in the Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario metropolitan area of Southern California, 4th largest inland California...
.
His second son, Stephen A. Dole (1843-1902), served as a U.S. government clerk in Washington DC for the 1865 U.S. treaty with the Ponca, first postmaster of Lake City, Colorado
Lake City, Colorado
The Town of Lake City is a Statutory Town that is the county seat of, and the only incorporated municipality in, Hinsdale County, Colorado, United States. The town population was 375 at the U.S. Census 2000...
in 1875, and U.S. Indian Agent to the Ute
Ute
-Tribes:*Ute people, an American Indian people now living primarily in Utah and Colorado**Southern Ute Indian Tribe of the Southern Ute Reservation, Colorado**Ute Indian Tribe of the Uintah and Ouray Reservation, Utah...
at the White Rocks Agency in Colorado
Colorado
Colorado is a U.S. state that encompasses much of the Rocky Mountains as well as the northeastern portion of the Colorado Plateau and the western edge of the Great Plains...
.
His third son, Sanford Ballard Dole (1844–1926), became a judge, and after the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii president of the Republic of Hawaii
Republic of Hawaii
The Republic of Hawaii was the formal name of the government that controlled Hawaii from 1894 to 1898 when it was run as a republic. The republic period occurred between the administration of the Provisional Government of Hawaii which ended on July 4, 1894 and the adoption of the Newlands...
and first governor of the Territory of Hawaii
Territory of Hawaii
The Territory of Hawaii or Hawaii Territory was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from July 7, 1898, until August 21, 1959, when its territory, with the exception of Johnston Atoll, was admitted to the Union as the fiftieth U.S. state, the State of Hawaii.The U.S...
.
Daniel Dole's second wife was widow of Horton Owen Knapp, whose sister Millicent Knapp (1816–1891) married missionary doctor James William Smith (1810–1887). The Smiths' son William Owen Smith
William Owen Smith
William Owen Smith was a lawyer from a family of American missionaries who participated in the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii. He served as attorney general for the entire duration of the provisional Government of Hawaii and the Republic of Hawaii.-Life:Smith was born August 4, 1848 in Kōloa...
would also become very active in politics.
George and Sanford were both buried in the cemetery at Kawaiahaʻo Church near the Mission Houses Museum
Mission Houses Museum
The Mission Houses Museum at 553 South King Street in Honolulu, Hawaii, was established in 1920 by the Hawaiian Mission Children’s Society, a private, non-profit organization and genealogical society, on the 100th anniversary of the arrival of the first Christian missionaries in Hawaii...
.
Oahu College changed its name back to Punahou School in 1934, and had many influential alumni
Punahou School alumni
Shown below is a list of notable graduates, students who attended, and former faculty of Punahou School.Parents and children of alumni are noted only if they have made significant achievements in the same field or activity....
through the years, including US President Barack Obama
Barack Obama
Barack Hussein Obama II is the 44th and current President of the United States. He is the first African American to hold the office. Obama previously served as a United States Senator from Illinois, from January 2005 until he resigned following his victory in the 2008 presidential election.Born in...
.