Dai Viet Quoc Dan Dang
Encyclopedia
Đại Việt Quốc dân đảng often known simply as Đại Việt, was a nationalist and anti-communist political party and militant organisation that was active in Vietnam
in the 20th century. The party was founded by Trương Tử Anh, known as Anh Cả Phương (Eldest Brother Phuong). Among the original members were several prominent figures in Vietnam's politics, such as Dr. Phan Huy Quat
and Dr. Nguyen Ton Hoan
. During the era of French colonialism, the Dai Viet engaged in military attacks in an effort to gain independence. Some Dai Viet members were trained in Chinese military academies in Yunnan
run by the Kuomintang
, before the Communist revolution in China. The party was pro-Japanese during World War II, when the Japanese occupied Indochina. After the partition of Vietnam
in 1954, the Dai Viet were banned in the communist North Vietnam
. They continued to be active in South Vietnam as an opposition to President Ngo Dinh Diem
, and were often implicated in coup plots against Diem, led by Dai Viet officers in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam
.
Notable members included:
Vietnam
Vietnam – sometimes spelled Viet Nam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam – is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea –...
in the 20th century. The party was founded by Trương Tử Anh, known as Anh Cả Phương (Eldest Brother Phuong). Among the original members were several prominent figures in Vietnam's politics, such as Dr. Phan Huy Quat
Phan Huy Quat
Dr. Phan Huy Quát served as acting Prime Minister of the State of Vietnam and also as Prime Minister of the Republic of Vietnam.-Biography:On July 2, 1949, Dr. Phan Huy Quát was appointed Minister of Education by Head of State Bảo Đại....
and Dr. Nguyen Ton Hoan
Nguyen Ton Hoan
Nguyễn Tôn Hoàn was Vietnamese Catholic physician who was a leader of the Dai Viet Quoc Dan Dang from the 1940s to the 1960s, and was active in South Vietnamese politics during that time, serving briefly as Deputy Prime Minister in 1964.- Early career :Hoan was born in Tay Ninh, southern Vietnam,...
. During the era of French colonialism, the Dai Viet engaged in military attacks in an effort to gain independence. Some Dai Viet members were trained in Chinese military academies in Yunnan
Yunnan
Yunnan is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the far southwest of the country spanning approximately and with a population of 45.7 million . The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders Burma, Laos, and Vietnam.Yunnan is situated in a mountainous area, with...
run by the Kuomintang
Kuomintang
The Kuomintang of China , sometimes romanized as Guomindang via the Pinyin transcription system or GMD for short, and translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party is a founding and ruling political party of the Republic of China . Its guiding ideology is the Three Principles of the People, espoused...
, before the Communist revolution in China. The party was pro-Japanese during World War II, when the Japanese occupied Indochina. After the partition of Vietnam
Partition of Vietnam
The Partition of Vietnam was the establishment of the 17th parallel as the Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone in 1954, splitting Vietnam into halves after the First Indochina War.The Geneva Conference was held at the conclusion of the First Indochina War...
in 1954, the Dai Viet were banned in the communist North Vietnam
North Vietnam
The Democratic Republic of Vietnam , was a communist state that ruled the northern half of Vietnam from 1954 until 1976 following the Geneva Conference and laid claim to all of Vietnam from 1945 to 1954 during the First Indochina War, during which they controlled pockets of territory throughout...
. They continued to be active in South Vietnam as an opposition to President Ngo Dinh Diem
Ngo Dinh Diem
Ngô Đình Diệm was the first president of South Vietnam . In the wake of the French withdrawal from Indochina as a result of the 1954 Geneva Accords, Diệm led the effort to create the Republic of Vietnam. Accruing considerable U.S. support due to his staunch anti-Communism, he achieved victory in a...
, and were often implicated in coup plots against Diem, led by Dai Viet officers in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam
Army of the Republic of Vietnam
The Army of the Republic of Viet Nam , sometimes parsimoniously referred to as the South Vietnamese Army , was the land-based military forces of the Republic of Vietnam , which existed from October 26, 1955 until the fall of Saigon on April 30, 1975...
.
Notable members included:
- Phan Huy Quat served in different capacities with several government cabinets of the State of Vietnam and of the Republic of Vietnam. His highest position was Prime Minister in 1965.
- Nguyen Ton Hoan briefly served as first Deputy Prime Minister in 1964.
- Ha Thuc Ky was Minister of Internal Affairs in 1964. In 1965, after a rift with other Dai Viet's leaders, he formed his own party, the Đại Việt Cách Mạng (Dai Viet Revolutionary Party).
- Nguyen Ngoc Huy , party's theorist and founder of the Tân Đại Việt (New Dai Viet Party), taught at Yale University after the Fall of SaigonFall of SaigonThe Fall of Saigon was the capture of Saigon, the capital of South Vietnam, by the People's Army of Vietnam and the National Liberation Front on April 30, 1975...
. - Bui DiemBui DiemBùi Diễm was South Vietnam's ambassador to the United States under President Nguyễn Văn Thiệu. He played a key role in the last desperate attempt to secure US$700 million in military aid to defend South Vietnam against the North in 1975...
was Ambassador to the USA in the early 1970's. - Nguyen Van Kieu, President Nguyen Van ThieuNguyen Van ThieuNguyễn Văn Thiệu was president of South Vietnam from 1965 to 1975. He was a general in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam , became head of a military junta, and then president after winning a fraudulent election...
's brother, was Ambassador to the United Kingdom in the early 1970's. - Duong Hieu NghiaDuong Hieu NghiaColonel Dương Hiếu Nghĩa, born in Sa Đéc in 1925, was an officer in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam. Nghia graduated from the Da Lat National Military Academy. During the Vietnam War, he served in various infantry and armored units. His highest administrative position was Province Chief of Vinh...
, who participated in the 1963 coup d'etat, was one of the assassins who killed President Diem and National Adviser Ngo Dinh NhuNgo Dinh NhuNgô Ðình Nhu was the younger brother and chief political advisor of South Vietnam's first president, Ngô Ðình Diệm. Nhu was widely regarded as the architect of the Ngô family's nepotistic and autocratic rule over South Vietnam from 1955 to 1963...
.