Cross-country skiing at the 1998 Winter Paralympics
Encyclopedia
Cross-country skiing
at the 1998 Winter Paralympics
consisted of 39 events, 24 for men and 15 for women.
For the first and only time the classification Intellectual disability (ID) was included in cross-country skiing events at the Paralympic Games.
Each event had separate standing, sitting, or visually impaired classifications:
Cross-country skiing
Cross-country skiing is a winter sport in which participants propel themselves across snow-covered terrain using skis and poles...
at the 1998 Winter Paralympics
1998 Winter Paralympics
The 1998 Winter Paralympics, the seventh Winter Paralympics, were held alongside the Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan from March 5 to March 14, 1998. They were the first Paralympic Winter Games to be held outside Europe.- Sports :...
consisted of 39 events, 24 for men and 15 for women.
For the first and only time the classification Intellectual disability (ID) was included in cross-country skiing events at the Paralympic Games.
Medal table
| Rank | Nation | Total | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Russia |
11 | 8 | 7 | 26 |
| 2 |  Norway |
9 | 5 | 7 | 21 |
| 3 |  Finland |
7 | 5 | 5 | 17 |
| 4 |  Germany |
3 | 10 | 5 | 18 |
| 5 |  France |
3 | 1 | 3 | 7 |
| 5 |  Ukraine |
3 | 1 | 3 | 7 |
| 7 |  Austria |
1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| 8 |  Switzerland |
1 | 1 | 3 | 5 |
| 9 |  Denmark |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 10 |  Canada |
0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 10 |  Italy |
0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 12 |  Japan |
0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 13 |  Netherlands |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 14 |  Poland |
0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 14 |  United States |
0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 16 |  Sweden |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | 39 | 39 | 40 | 118 | |
Medal summary
The competition events were:- 2.5 km: - women
- 5 km: men - women
- 10 km: men - women
- 15 km: men
- 20 km: men
- 3x2.5 km relay: men - women
- 4x5 km relay: men
Each event had separate standing, sitting, or visually impaired classifications:
- LW2 - standing: single leg amputationAmputationAmputation is the removal of a body extremity by trauma, prolonged constriction, or surgery. As a surgical measure, it is used to control pain or a disease process in the affected limb, such as malignancy or gangrene. In some cases, it is carried out on individuals as a preventative surgery for...
above the knee - LW3 - standing: double leg amputation below the knee, mild cerebral palsyCerebral palsyCerebral palsy is an umbrella term encompassing a group of non-progressive, non-contagious motor conditions that cause physical disability in human development, chiefly in the various areas of body movement....
, or equivalent impairment - LW4 - standing: single leg amputation below the knee
- LW5/7 - standing: double arm amputation
- LW6/8 - standing: single arm amputation
- LW9 - standing: amputation or equivalent impairment of one arm and one leg
- LW 10 - sitting: paraplegiaParaplegiaParaplegia is an impairment in motor or sensory function of the lower extremities. The word comes from Ionic Greek: παραπληγίη "half-striking". It is usually the result of spinal cord injury or a congenital condition such as spina bifida that affects the neural elements of the spinal canal...
with no or some upper abdominal function and no functional sitting balance - LW 11 - sitting: paraplegia with fair functional sitting balance
- LW 12 - sitting: double leg amputation above the knees, or paraplegia with some leg function and good sitting balance
- B1 - visually impaired: no functional vision
- B2 - visually impaired: up to ca 3-5% functional vision
- B3 - visually impaired: under 10% functional vision
- ID - intellectual disability
Men's events
| 5 km classical technique | B1 |
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| B2 |
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| B3 |
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| ID |
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| LW3/4/9 |
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| LW5/7,6/8 |
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| 5 km sitski | LW10 |
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| LW11 |
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| LW12 |
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| 10 km sitski | LW10 |
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| LW11 |
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| LW12 |
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| 15 km free technique | B1 |
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| B2 |
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| B3 |
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| ID |
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| LW2/3/4/9 |
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| LW5/7,6/8 |
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| 15 km sitski | LW10-12 |
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| 20 km classical technique | B1-3 |
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| ID |
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| LW2-9 |
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| 3×2.5 km relay | LW10-12 |
Klaus Kleiser Michael Weymann Bruno Zimmermann |
Franco Belletti Ruedi Weber Walter Widmer |
Omar Bouyoucef Alexander Brunet Didier Riedlinger |
| 4×5 km relay | standing/ blind |
Valeri Kouptchinski Irek Mannanov Oleh Munts Alexandre Nassarouline |
Wilhelm Brem Wilhelm Brem Wilhelm Brem is a Paralympic biathlete and cross-country skier competing for Germany at the 2010 Winter Paralympics.- References :... Frank Hoefle Wolfgang Mahler Thomas Oelsner |
Kjartan Haugen Kjartan Haugen Kjartan Haugen is a disabled Norwegian cross-country skier. He won a gold medal at the 2002 Winter Paralympics for 5 km and another gold at the 2006 Winter Paralympics as part of the Norwegian relay team. He also won a bronze in 2002 and a bronze and a silver at the 1998 Games. He is a Right to... Sten Oluf Horn Andreas Hustveit Magne Lunde |
Women's events
| 2.5 km sitski | LW10-12 |
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| 5 km classical technique | B1 |
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| B2-3 |
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| ID |
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| LW2-9 |
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| 5 km free technique | B1 |
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| B2-3 |
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| ID |
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| LW2-9 |
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| 5 km sitski | LW10-12 |
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| 10 km sitski | LW10-12 |
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| 15 km classical technique | B1-3 |
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| ID |
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| LW2-9 |
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| 3×2.5 km relay | open |
Anne Helene Barlund Tone Gravvold Ragnhild Myklebust Ragnhild Myklebust Ragnhild Myklebust is a Norwegian nordic skier and multiple gold medal winner at the Paralympic Games. , she holds the record for the most ever medals won at the Winter Paralympics, having won 27 medals, of which 22 were gold.... |
Gabriele Berghofer Renata Hoenisch Elisabeth Maxwald |
Verena Bentele Verena Bentele Verena Bentele is a blind German Paralympic biathlete and cross-country skier. She won her first Paralympic medals at the 1998 Winter Paralympics, followed by four gold medals at the 2002 Winter Paralympics, as well as two gold and one bronze medal at the 2006 Winter Paralympics At the 2010... Susanne Ischinger Susanne Wohlmacher |