Cnephasia
Encyclopedia
Cnephasia is a genus
of tortrix moths (family
Tortricidae). It belongs to the subfamily Tortricinae
and therein to the tribe
Cnephasiini
, of which it is the type genus
.
around which Cnephasia was established by J. Curtis
in 1826 (in the explanations to plate
100 of his British Entomology
) was claimed to be "Tortrix
logiana". However, this was a misidentification; the name of T. logiana (described by C.A. Clerck
in 1759 and nowadays called Acleris logiana) was until the early 20th century frequently applied to related species in error.
Curtis simply repeated the mistake of A.H. Haworth
, who had in his 1811 volume of Lepidoptera Britannica discussed a Cnephasia under Clerck's name, but the original misidentification may well go back to Linnaeus' treatment of "T. logiana" in Systema naturae
. Eventually, this was resolved, and the type species of Cnephasia was determined to be the tortrix moth described as Olethreutes pasiuana by J. Hübner
in 1822.
of Cnephasia are:
"Cnephasia" jactatana
does not seem to belong in this genus.
Hypostephanuncia is sometimes listed as a junior synonym of the closely related genus Eana
, but its type species is C. ecullyana. Whether the monotypic
Sphaleroptera is a distinct and valid genus or merely a specialized offshoot of Cnephasia is not yet resolved; some authors include it here, while others don't.
Genus
In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
of tortrix moths (family
Family (biology)
In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...
Tortricidae). It belongs to the subfamily Tortricinae
Tortricinae
The Tortricinae are the nominate subfamily of tortrix moths. Commonly referred to as leafrollers, as the larvae build shelters by folding or rolling leaves of the food plant, the tortricinae include several notable pests as well species used as biological control agents against invasive...
and therein to the tribe
Tribe (biology)
In biology, a tribe is a taxonomic rank between family and genus. It is sometimes subdivided into subtribes.Some examples include the tribes: Canini, Acalypheae, Hominini, Bombini, and Antidesmeae.-See also:* Biological classification* Rank...
Cnephasiini
Cnephasiini
The Cnephasiini are a tribe of tortrix moths.-Genera:The Cnephasiini are a tribe of tortrix moths.-Genera:The Cnephasiini are a tribe of tortrix moths.-Genera::Amphicoecia:Archicnephasia:Astrosa:Cnephasia...
, of which it is the type genus
Type genus
In biological classification, a type genus is a representative genus, as with regard to a biological family. The term and concept is used much more often and much more formally in zoology than it is in botany, and the definition is dependent on the nomenclatural Code that applies:* In zoological...
.
Taxonomy and systematics
The type speciesType species
In biological nomenclature, a type species is both a concept and a practical system which is used in the classification and nomenclature of animals and plants. The value of a "type species" lies in the fact that it makes clear what is meant by a particular genus name. A type species is the species...
around which Cnephasia was established by J. Curtis
John Curtis (entomologist)
John Curtis was an English entomologist and illustrator.-Biography:Curtis was born in Norwich and learned his engraving skills in the workshop of his father, Charles Morgan Curtis...
in 1826 (in the explanations to plate
Lithography
Lithography is a method for printing using a stone or a metal plate with a completely smooth surface...
100 of his British Entomology
British Entomology
British Entomology is a classic work of entomology by John Curtis, F.L.S.Described as British Entomology, being illustrations and descriptions of the genera of insects found in Great Britain and Ireland; containing coloured figures from nature of the most rare and beautiful species, and in many...
) was claimed to be "Tortrix
Tortrix
Tortrix is a genus of moths belonging to the Tortricidae family.-Species:*Tortrix sinapina *Tortrix viridana Tortrix? destructus Tortrix? florissantana...
logiana". However, this was a misidentification; the name of T. logiana (described by C.A. Clerck
Carl Alexander Clerck
Carl Alexander Clerck was a Swedish entomologist and arachnologist.Clerck came from a family in the petty nobility and entered the University of Uppsala in 1726. Little is known of his studies; although a contemporary of Linnaeus, it is unknown whether he had any contact with him during his time...
in 1759 and nowadays called Acleris logiana) was until the early 20th century frequently applied to related species in error.
Curtis simply repeated the mistake of A.H. Haworth
Adrian Hardy Haworth
Adrian Hardy Haworth was an English entomologist, botanist and carcinologist.He was the son of Benjamin Haworth of Haworth Hall...
, who had in his 1811 volume of Lepidoptera Britannica discussed a Cnephasia under Clerck's name, but the original misidentification may well go back to Linnaeus' treatment of "T. logiana" in Systema naturae
Systema Naturae
The book was one of the major works of the Swedish botanist, zoologist and physician Carolus Linnaeus. The first edition was published in 1735...
. Eventually, this was resolved, and the type species of Cnephasia was determined to be the tortrix moth described as Olethreutes pasiuana by J. Hübner
Jacob Hübner
Jacob Hübner was a German entomologist. He was the author of Sammlung Europäischer Schmetterlinge , a founding work of entomology.-Scientific career:...
in 1822.
Species
The 70 currently recognized speciesSpecies
In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...
of Cnephasia are:
- Cnephasia abrasana (Duponchel in Godart, 1842)
- Cnephasia albatana Chrétien, 1915
- Cnephasia alfacarana Razowski, 1958
- Cnephasia alticola Kuznetzov, 1966
- Cnephasia alticolanaCnephasia alticolanaCnephasia alticolana is a moth of the Tortricidae family. It is found in Siberia and most of Europe .The wingspan is 16-22 mm...
- Cnephasia amseli (Lucas, 1942)
- Cnephasia asiatica Kuznetzov, 1956
- Cnephasia asseclanaCnephasia asseclanaThe Flax Tortrix is a moth of the Tortricidae family. It is found all over Europe.The wingspan is 15–18 mm. Adults are on the wing from June to August....
– Flax Tortrix - Cnephasia bizensis Réal, 1953
- Cnephasia chrysantheana (Duponchel in Godart, 1842)
- Cnephasia communanaCnephasia communanaCnephasia communana is a moth of the Tortricidae family. It is found in Europe.The wingspan is 18–22 mm. Adults are on wing from May to July. There is one generation per year....
- Cnephasia conspersana Douglas, 1846
- Cnephasia constantinana Razowski, 1958
- Cnephasia cupressivorana (Staudinger, 1871)
- Cnephasia daedalea Razowski, 1983
- Cnephasia disforma Razowski, 1983
- Cnephasia disparana Kuznetzov in Danilevsky, Kuznetsov & Falkovitsh, 1962
- Cnephasia divisana Razowski, 1959
- Cnephasia ecullyana Réal, 1951
- Cnephasia etnana Razowski & Trematerra, 1999
- Cnephasia facetana Kennel, 1901
- Cnephasia fiorii Razowski, 1958
- Cnephasia fragosana (Zeller, 1847)
- Cnephasia fulturata Rebel, 1940
- Cnephasia genitalana Pierce & Metcalfe, 1915
- Cnephasia graecana Rebel, 1902
- Cnephasia grandis (Osthelder, 1938)
- Cnephasia gueneana (Duponchel in Godart, 1836)
- Cnephasia heinemanni Obraztsov, 1957
- Cnephasia hellenica Obraztsov, 1956
- Cnephasia heringi Razowski, 1958
- Cnephasia hunzorum Diakonoff, 1971
- Cnephasia incertanaCnephasia incertanaThe Light Grey Tortrix is a moth of the Tortricidae family. It is found all over Europe.The wingspan is 14-18 mm. Adults are on wing from June to July....
– Light Grey Tortrix - Cnephasia jozefi Razowski, 1961
- Cnephasia kasyi Razowski, 1971
- Cnephasia kenneli Obraztsov, 1956
- Cnephasia klimeschi Razowski, 1958
- Cnephasia korvaci Razowski, 1965
- Cnephasia laetana (Staudinger, 1871)
- Cnephasia lineata (Walsingham, 1900)
- Cnephasia longana (Haworth, [1811])
- Cnephasia margelanensis Razowski, 1958
- Cnephasia microstrigana Razowski, 1958
- Cnephasia minutula Falkovitsh in Danilevsky, Kuznetsov & Falkovitsh, 1962
- Cnephasia nesiotica Razowski, 1983
- Cnephasia nigripunctana Amsel, 1959
- Cnephasia nigrofasciana (Bruand, 1850)
- Cnephasia nowickii Razowski, 1958
- Cnephasia orientana (Alpheraky, 1877)
- Cnephasia oxyacanthana (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851)
- Cnephasia parnassicola Razowski, 1958
- Cnephasia pasiuana (Hübner, 1799)
- Cnephasia personatana Kennel, 1901
- Cnephasia regifica Razowski, 1971
- Cnephasia sedana (Constant, 1884)
- Cnephasia semibrunneata (Joannis, 1891)
- Cnephasia stachi Razowski, 1958
- Cnephasia stephensianaCnephasia stephensianaThe Grey Tortrix is a moth of the Tortricidae family. It is found in the Palearctic ecozone, and has also been recorded from Canada.The wingspan is 18-23 mm. Adults are on wing from May to August....
– Grey Tortrix - Cnephasia tianshanica Filipjev, 1934
- Cnephasia tofina Meyrick, 1922
- Cnephasia tremewani Razowski, 1961
- Cnephasia tripolitana Razowski, 1958
- Cnephasia tristrami (Walsingham, 1900)
- Cnephasia ussurica Filipjev, 1962
- Cnephasia venusta Razowski, 1971
- Cnephasia virginana (Kennel, 1899)
- Cnephasia wimmeri Arenberger, 1998
- Cnephasia zangheriana Trematerra, 1991
- Cnephasia zelleri (Christoph, 1877)
- Cnephasia zernyi Razowski, 1959
"Cnephasia" jactatana
Cnephasia jactatana
The Black-lyre Leafroller Moth is a tortrix moth species . It is endemic to New Zealand....
does not seem to belong in this genus.
Synonyms
Obsolete scientific names for Cnephasia are:- Anoplocnephasia Réal, 1953
- Brachycnephasia Réal, 1953
- Chephasia (lapsusLapsusA lapsus is an involuntary mistake made while writing or speaking. According to Freud's early psychoanalytic theory, a lapsus represents a missed deed that hides an unconscious desire....
) - Cnephasianella (lapsus)
- Cnephasiella Adamczewski, 1936
- Cnephosia (lapsus)
- Hypostephanuncia Réal, 1951
- Hypostephanuntia (lapsus)
- Sciaphila Treitschke in Ochsenheimer, 1829
Hypostephanuncia is sometimes listed as a junior synonym of the closely related genus Eana
Eana
Eana is a genus of tortrix moths . It belongs to the tribe Cnephasiini of subfamily Tortricinae.-Synonyms:Obsolete scientific names for this genus are:* Ablabia Hübner, 1825* Argyroptera Duponchel, 1834...
, but its type species is C. ecullyana. Whether the monotypic
Monotypic
In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group with only one biological type. The term's usage differs slightly between botany and zoology. The term monotypic has a separate use in conservation biology, monotypic habitat, regarding species habitat conversion eliminating biodiversity and...
Sphaleroptera is a distinct and valid genus or merely a specialized offshoot of Cnephasia is not yet resolved; some authors include it here, while others don't.