Clement Finch
Encyclopedia
Clement Alfred Finch often deemed “The Iron Man”, was a Physician specializing in Hematology
whose research on iron metabolization in the bloodstream at the University of Washington
led to significant advancements in accurately diagnosing and treating anemia during a time period in which little was known about this aspect of the body. Finch was distinctively noted for using himself as a test subject by taking blood and bone marrow from his own bones before conducting similar tests on patients. He graduated in 1941 from the University of Rochester
Medical School and a year later was married to the first of three wives. He experienced a 60-year tenure at the University of Washington, and has published many scholarly articles pertaining to iron in the bloodstream and is the author of two books entitled: Red Cell Manual (1969) and Fulfilling the Dream: A History of the University of Washington School of Medicine 1946 to 1988 (1990).
Finch's studies are importantly recognized as significant in helping the World Health Organization make dietary recommendations for developing countries to aid in preventing anemia and poor development. He passed on June 28 at his home in the La Jolla neighborhood of San Diego at the age of 94 and is survived by his wife Genia Finch, two children from his first marriage, Clifton Finch and Carin Finch Barber, two children from his third marriage, Lisa Finch and Darel Finch, and three grandchildren.
on July 4, 1915 into a lineage of Physicians which included both his father and grandfather. Having accompanied his father on many occasions to house calls, he decided to follow in his father and grandfather's footsteps. Finch graduated from Union College
in 1936 and enrolled at the University of Rochester Medical School in the late 1930s, from which he worked with Nobel Prize-winner George Whipple
and published his first paper on hemoglobin regeneration in dogs in the Journal of Experimental Medicine as a second-year student. He had become a third generation physician in his family.
Finch, who was known for believing that the most important thing in his life was being a good clinician, went through two divorces and three marriages thereafter. After the University of Rochester Medical School, Finch accepted a fellowship with Joe Ross at Boston University
. Ross is responsible for introducing Finch to academic medicine, collaborating on work on iron metabolism and blood preservation which was relevant to the political setting of the time with the nation at war. Finch conducted post-graduate work at Brigham and Women's Hospital
in Boston
, working with acclaimed physicians such as Soma Weiss
, Eugene A. Stead
and Charles Janeway
. In 1948 after not being able to join the military due to pneumonia, Finch (after turning down numerous job offerings of recruitment) started his career at the University of Washington, which he preferred for the landscape and surrounding environment which offered him access to his favorite hobbies such as mountain climbing. One year later in 1949, he became University of Washington's first Chief of Hematology.
, a process by which red blood cells are produced. During a period in which little was known about iron-deficiency anemia, how often it occurred or the principles of iron metabolism, Finch made significant findings in his research at the University of Washington throughout his 60-year tenure using radio scopes to measure the body's production of red cells and their life span. He was able to discover how iron is incorporated in hemoglobin, and was able to aid doctors in expanding their abilities from simply detecting iron-deficiency anemia to detecting different types of anemia in an increasingly accurate manner. Finch has published Scientific Journal articles specifically pertaining to Erythropoiesis and anemia such as Erythropoiesisin Pernicious Anemia (1953), Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in the Adult (1957), The Diagnosing of Iron deficiency Anemia (1964), Pathophysiologic Aspects of Sickle Cell Anemia (1972), and Erythroid Marrow Function in Anemic Patients (1987). Additional articles included: The Effect of Erythroid Hyperplasia on iron balance (1988), and Intact Transferrin Receptors in Human Plasma and Their Relation to Erythropoisis in blood (1990).
Transferrin
, a blood plasma protein for iron ion delivery, was additionally a huge topic for Finch in the 1980s as seen in his publications from that time period. He researched and published studies on transferrin in the blood such as intact transferrin receptors in human plasma, human deferric transferrin's interaction with reticulocytes, the uptake and release of iron in human transferrin, rat transferrin and gene expression, the iron binding sites of human transferrin, its saturation, and clinical implications.
Other studies conducted by Finch showed how iron is used in the blood to manufacture hemoglobin. He additionally showed that hemochromatosis which causes the body to absorb too much iron from food consumption could be treated through periodic bleeding. Also he was able to describe how during menstruation when significant bleeding occurs depleting iron stores, the body tries to maintain adequate stores, but did recommend that most women take supplements to prevent them from suffering signs of iron deficiency such as fatigue. He can also be acclaimed for dedicating his time and resources towards extending the life of blood stored to transfuse injured soldiers, work inspired by his desire to help serve his country in his own way, after being unable to serve in the military, due to being previously deemed as unfit due to pneumonia.
Research in the early 1960s by Finch showed that most women were not getting enough iron in their diet and suggested that supplements be taken by women to avoid problems such as fatigue caused by iron deficiency.
Hematology
Hematology, also spelled haematology , is the branch of biology physiology, internal medicine, pathology, clinical laboratory work, and pediatrics that is concerned with the study of blood, the blood-forming organs, and blood diseases...
whose research on iron metabolization in the bloodstream at the University of Washington
University of Washington
University of Washington is a public research university, founded in 1861 in Seattle, Washington, United States. The UW is the largest university in the Northwest and the oldest public university on the West Coast. The university has three campuses, with its largest campus in the University...
led to significant advancements in accurately diagnosing and treating anemia during a time period in which little was known about this aspect of the body. Finch was distinctively noted for using himself as a test subject by taking blood and bone marrow from his own bones before conducting similar tests on patients. He graduated in 1941 from the University of Rochester
University of Rochester
The University of Rochester is a private, nonsectarian, research university in Rochester, New York, United States. The university grants undergraduate and graduate degrees, including doctoral and professional degrees. The university has six schools and various interdisciplinary programs.The...
Medical School and a year later was married to the first of three wives. He experienced a 60-year tenure at the University of Washington, and has published many scholarly articles pertaining to iron in the bloodstream and is the author of two books entitled: Red Cell Manual (1969) and Fulfilling the Dream: A History of the University of Washington School of Medicine 1946 to 1988 (1990).
Finch's studies are importantly recognized as significant in helping the World Health Organization make dietary recommendations for developing countries to aid in preventing anemia and poor development. He passed on June 28 at his home in the La Jolla neighborhood of San Diego at the age of 94 and is survived by his wife Genia Finch, two children from his first marriage, Clifton Finch and Carin Finch Barber, two children from his third marriage, Lisa Finch and Darel Finch, and three grandchildren.
Early life
Clement Finch was born in Upstate New YorkNew York
New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east...
on July 4, 1915 into a lineage of Physicians which included both his father and grandfather. Having accompanied his father on many occasions to house calls, he decided to follow in his father and grandfather's footsteps. Finch graduated from Union College
Union College
Union College is a private, non-denominational liberal arts college located in Schenectady, New York, United States. Founded in 1795, it was the first institution of higher learning chartered by the New York State Board of Regents. In the 19th century, it became the "Mother of Fraternities", as...
in 1936 and enrolled at the University of Rochester Medical School in the late 1930s, from which he worked with Nobel Prize-winner George Whipple
George Whipple
George Hoyt Whipple was an American physician, pathologist, biomedical researcher, and medical school educator and administrator...
and published his first paper on hemoglobin regeneration in dogs in the Journal of Experimental Medicine as a second-year student. He had become a third generation physician in his family.
Finch, who was known for believing that the most important thing in his life was being a good clinician, went through two divorces and three marriages thereafter. After the University of Rochester Medical School, Finch accepted a fellowship with Joe Ross at Boston University
Boston University
Boston University is a private research university located in Boston, Massachusetts. With more than 4,000 faculty members and more than 31,000 students, Boston University is one of the largest private universities in the United States and one of Boston's largest employers...
. Ross is responsible for introducing Finch to academic medicine, collaborating on work on iron metabolism and blood preservation which was relevant to the political setting of the time with the nation at war. Finch conducted post-graduate work at Brigham and Women's Hospital
Brigham and Women's Hospital
Brigham and Women's Hospital is the largest hospital of the Longwood Medical and Academic Area in Boston, Massachusetts. It is directly adjacent to Harvard Medical School of which it is the second largest teaching affiliate with 793 beds...
in Boston
Boston
Boston is the capital of and largest city in Massachusetts, and is one of the oldest cities in the United States. The largest city in New England, Boston is regarded as the unofficial "Capital of New England" for its economic and cultural impact on the entire New England region. The city proper had...
, working with acclaimed physicians such as Soma Weiss
Soma Weiss
Soma Weiss was born in Beszterce, Transylvania, then part of Hungary. He studied physiology and biochemistry in Budapest. Immediately after the end of World War I, he emigrated to the United States and qualified in medicine in 1923...
, Eugene A. Stead
Eugene A. Stead
Dr. Eugene Anson Stead Jr. is best known as a medical educator, researcher, and the founder of the Physician Assistant or P.A. profession. He served on the faculty at Harvard, Emory , and Duke universities...
and Charles Janeway
Charles Janeway
Charles Alderson Janeway, Jr. was a noted immunologist. A member of the National Academy of Sciences, he held a faculty position at Yale University's Medical School and was an HHMI Investigator....
. In 1948 after not being able to join the military due to pneumonia, Finch (after turning down numerous job offerings of recruitment) started his career at the University of Washington, which he preferred for the landscape and surrounding environment which offered him access to his favorite hobbies such as mountain climbing. One year later in 1949, he became University of Washington's first Chief of Hematology.
Research
Finch's research on how iron metabolizes in the blood helped with blood disorders characterized by either an excess or inadequate supply of iron in the blood stream, such as anemia and hemochromatosis, and also focused his work on further understanding ErythropoiesisErythropoiesis
Erythropoiesis is the process by which red blood cells are produced. It is stimulated by decreased O2 in circulation, which is detected by the kidneys, which then secrete the hormone erythropoietin...
, a process by which red blood cells are produced. During a period in which little was known about iron-deficiency anemia, how often it occurred or the principles of iron metabolism, Finch made significant findings in his research at the University of Washington throughout his 60-year tenure using radio scopes to measure the body's production of red cells and their life span. He was able to discover how iron is incorporated in hemoglobin, and was able to aid doctors in expanding their abilities from simply detecting iron-deficiency anemia to detecting different types of anemia in an increasingly accurate manner. Finch has published Scientific Journal articles specifically pertaining to Erythropoiesis and anemia such as Erythropoiesisin Pernicious Anemia (1953), Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in the Adult (1957), The Diagnosing of Iron deficiency Anemia (1964), Pathophysiologic Aspects of Sickle Cell Anemia (1972), and Erythroid Marrow Function in Anemic Patients (1987). Additional articles included: The Effect of Erythroid Hyperplasia on iron balance (1988), and Intact Transferrin Receptors in Human Plasma and Their Relation to Erythropoisis in blood (1990).
Transferrin
Transferrin
Transferrins are iron-binding blood plasma glycoproteins that control the level of free iron in biological fluids. In humans, it is encoded by the TF gene.Transferrin is a glycoprotein that binds iron very tightly but reversibly...
, a blood plasma protein for iron ion delivery, was additionally a huge topic for Finch in the 1980s as seen in his publications from that time period. He researched and published studies on transferrin in the blood such as intact transferrin receptors in human plasma, human deferric transferrin's interaction with reticulocytes, the uptake and release of iron in human transferrin, rat transferrin and gene expression, the iron binding sites of human transferrin, its saturation, and clinical implications.
Other studies conducted by Finch showed how iron is used in the blood to manufacture hemoglobin. He additionally showed that hemochromatosis which causes the body to absorb too much iron from food consumption could be treated through periodic bleeding. Also he was able to describe how during menstruation when significant bleeding occurs depleting iron stores, the body tries to maintain adequate stores, but did recommend that most women take supplements to prevent them from suffering signs of iron deficiency such as fatigue. He can also be acclaimed for dedicating his time and resources towards extending the life of blood stored to transfuse injured soldiers, work inspired by his desire to help serve his country in his own way, after being unable to serve in the military, due to being previously deemed as unfit due to pneumonia.
Research in the early 1960s by Finch showed that most women were not getting enough iron in their diet and suggested that supplements be taken by women to avoid problems such as fatigue caused by iron deficiency.
Publications
-
- 7th ed, F.A. Davis, 1996, ISBN 0-8036-0145-X.
- Body iron excretion in man: A collaborative study
- The American Journal of Medicine, Volume 45, Issue 3, September 1968, Pages 336-353
- Ralph Green, Robert Charlton, Harold Seftel, Thomas Bothwell, Fatima Mayet, Barry Adams, Clement Finch, Miguel Layrisse
- Evaluation of storage iron by chelates
- The American Journal of Medicine, Volume 45, Issue 1, July 1968, Pages 105-115
- Laurence A. Harker, Donald D. Funk, Clement A. Finch
- Iron stores in man
- The American Journal of Medicine, Volume 11, Issue 5, November 1951, Page 629
- Alexander R. Stevens Jr., Clement A. Finch
- Iron storage disease
- Journal of Chronic Diseases, Volume 2, Issue 2, August 1955, Pages 232-233
- Clement A. Finch
- Clinical syndrome of potassium intoxication
- The American Journal of Medicine, Volume 1, Issue 4, October 1946, Pages 337-352
- Clement A. Finch, C.Glenn Sawyer, John M. Flynn
- Pathophysiologic aspects of sickle cell anemia
- The American Journal of Medicine, Volume 53, Issue 1, July 1972, Pages 1-6
- Clement A. Finch
- Effects of iron status on δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity
- Biochemical Medicine, Volume 18, Issue 3, December 1977, Pages 323-329
- Robert F. Labbé, Clement A. Finch
- Intact transferrin receptors in human plasma and their relation to erythropoiesis
- Blood, Jan 1990; 75: 102 – 107. HA Huebers, Y Beguin, P Pootrakul, D Einspahr, and CA Finch
- Quantitation of ferritin iron in plasma, an explanation for non- transferrin iron
- Blood, Apr 1988; 71: 1120 - 1123. P Pootrakul, B Josephson, HA Huebers, and CA Finch
- The effect of erythroid hyperplasia on iron balance
- Blood, Apr 1988; 71: 1124 - 1129. P Pootrakul, K Kitcharoen, P Yansukon, P Wasi, S Fucharoen, P Charoenlarp, G Brittenham, MJ Pippard, and CA Finch
- Erythroid marrow function in anemic patients
- Blood, Jan 1987; 69: 296 – 301. M Cazzola, P Pootrakul, HA Huebers, M Eng, J Eschbach, and CA Finch
- Transferrin saturation, plasma iron turnover, and transferrin uptake in normal humans
- Blood, Oct 1985; 66: 935 - 939. M Cazzola, HA Huebers, MH Sayers, AP MacPhail, M Eng, and CA Finch
- A mono-sited transferrin from a representative deuterostome: the ascidian Pyura stolonifera (subphylum Urochordata)
- AW Martin, E Huebers, H Huebers, J Webb, and CA Finch
- Blood, Nov 1984; 64: 1047 - 1052.
- Transferrin: physiologic behavior and clinical implications
- HA Huebers and CA Finch
- Blood, Oct 1984; 64: 763 - 767.
- The significance of transferrin for intestinal iron absorption
- HA Huebers, E Huebers, E Csiba, W Rummel, and CA Finch
- Blood, Feb 1983; 61: 283 - 290.
- Ferrioxamine excretion in iron-loaded man
- MJ Pippard, ST Callender, and CA Finch
- Blood, Aug 1982; 60: 288 - 294.