Clan Ó Duibhgeannáin
Encyclopedia
The Ó Duibhgeannáin clan
were a family of professional historians in medieval and early modern Ireland
.
They originated in the kingdom of Annaly
(also known as Conmaicne Maigh Rein) on the east bank of the Shannon
(mostly situated in what is now Co. Longford
) and later migrated into Connacht. Writing in 1921 the Irish historian, Fr. Paul Walsh
stated that "The celebrated Dubhaltach MacFhirbhisigh ... informs us that the O Duigenans followed the profession of historiographers under the families of Clann Mhaiolruanaidh and Conmhaicne in Magh Rein, that is, with the Mac Dermotts and the MacDonoughs in the west, and with the O Farrells in the territory of Annaly."
The earliest known reference to a bearer of the surname dates to 1296, when, according to the Annals of the Four Masters
"Maelpeter O'Duigennan, Archdeacon of Breifny, from Drumcliff to Kells, died." Less than thirty years later in the year 1323 (according to the same source) - "Gillapatrick O'Duigennan, Chief Historian of Conmaicne, and Lucas, his son, were slain by Conor, the son of Garvey Maguire."
The family themselves can be traced back with confidence several centuries further, ultimately to Maine of Tethba
, an alleged son of Niall of the Nine Hostages
. While Maine's relationship is probably fictitious, there seems to be no good reason for doubting that the O Duibhgeannain descend from the figure claimed as an ancestor by the rulers of Hy-Many
.
where they became historians for the MacDermots. The senior line, under Ferghall Muimhneach, built the church of Kilronan in 1339 to which they became erenachs, or its lay proprietors. The Four Masters include the following references to the family, and Kilronan church:
By 1400 a secondary line had established themselves in Moylurg, at Baile Caille Foghair, or Castlefore, now in Co. Leitrim
. Their ancestor was Philip na hInishe who died in Conmaicne in 1340, said to be a brother of Fearghall Muimhneach. The first member of the family mentioned as of Castlefore was Maghnus mac Melaghlin Ruadh O Duibggeannain, who died in 1452. He is apparently the same Maghnus of Castlefore was the chief compiler of the Book of Ballymote, which was commissioned by Tomaltach MacDonagh, Lord of Coran, about or after 1391.
Irish historical manuscripts compiled and penned by various O Duibhgeannain which have survived their turbulent times include:
1627-1636), and Daibhidh mac Matthew Glas O Duibhgeann of Kilronan (fl. 1651-1696).
Cu Coigriche, thought to have being born about or after 1590, was ordained a Franciscan monk and changed his name to Peregrine O'Duignan
. Nothing is known of his life until he became engaged in the massive project known to history as the Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland (better known by its nickname, the Annals of the Four Masters
). The annals are known by this name because, under the leadership of Brother Michael O'Clery (Michael O Cleirigh), Peregrine, Cu Choigriche (Peregrine) O Cleirigh and Fearfeasa O Maoilchonaire, these four men compiled and wrote in a few short years (c.1627-1636) one of the largest collections of mythical, historical and cultural lore - spanning the years 2242 AM to 1616 AD.
Nothing certain is known of Peregrine after August 1636; possibly he returned to Louvain, as did O Cleirigh. However, there exists a slight possibility that he remained in Ireland, as a copy of the annals was in the town of Galway, and used as a source by none other than Dubhaltach MacFhirbhisigh. MacFhirbhisigh explicitly states using it in 1649 though typiclly he gives us no clues as to how he obtained it. It may not be coincidental that a kinsman of O Duibhgeannain, Daibhidh O Duibhghennain living and working in the Galway region from as early as 1651.
Daibhidh mac Matthew Glas O Duibgeannain, or Daibhidh Bacach ("lame David") as he sometimes called himself, was an active scribe, compiler, poet between the years 1651 and 1696. In the earliest of his known works, Royal Irish Academy Ms. 24.P.9., he writes on page 238: "sguirim go ttrasada ar Loch Mesg dam a ttigh Thaidgh Oig Ui Fhlaibhertaigh 1 die Aprilis 1651, Dauid Duigenan qui scripsit/I stop now, and I on Loch Mask in the house of Tadhg Og O Flaherty, April 1st, 1651, David Duigenan who wrote this." A later entry specifies the place as Oilean Ruadh, or Red Island.
Over the course of his life he penned such works as "Suibhne Gelt/The Frenzy of Sweeney", "The Adventures of the Two Idiot Saints", "The Battle of Magh Rath", and "The Banquet of Dun na Gedh.". He is believed to have lived his final years in Shancough, Tirerrill, Co. Sligo, where he died in 1696.
; Michael V. Duigenan (historian); John Albert Duigenan (artist).
(New Zealand filmmaker); Michael Duignan (American actor); Campbell Duignan (New Zealand trade unionist); Katherine Duignan (writer); Noel Duignan
(Canadian politician); Kevin Patrick Duignan (Vice President for Institutional Advancement, St. Thomas Aquinas College, Sparkill, NY), Francis Duignan (CFO Becker Orthopedic, Troy, MI)
Maine of Tethba
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Fiachna Eanna Creamthann Brian Bracan
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Breanainn Criomhthann
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Criomthann Connhach Aodh
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Corc Cathasach Blathmhac
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Aodh Conghall
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Colla
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Conaig Conghalach Murchadh Muirchertaigh Diarmaid Conchobair
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Breasal
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Braighte Gabhalach
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Maol Beannachta Fionnachta
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Tadhgan Maol Odhair
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Cearnachan Duibhgeann Dubhlaith Conghall Mughaighe Faghartach Madadhar
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Naomhtuc mac Duibhgeann
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Pilip na hInnise (Phillip of the Island) mac Naomhtuc O Duibhgeannain
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Poil an Fhiona (Paul of the Wine) mac Pilip O Duibhgeannain
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Lucais Ancaire (Lucas the Anchorite) mac Poil O Duibhgeannain
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Fearghail Mhuimhnigh (Fearghail of Munster) mac Lucais O Duibhgeannain, d.1347.
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Matha Ghlais mac Fearghail Mhuimhnigh O Duibhgeannain
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Maoileachlainn mac Matha Ghlais O Duibhgeannain
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Dubhthaigh Mhoir mac Maoileachlainn O Duibhgeannain, died 1511.
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Dubhthaigh Oig mac Dubhtaigh Mhoir O Duibhgeannain. Maoilsechlainn
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Duilbh mac Dubhtaigh Oig O Duibhgeannain, died 1578. Paidin
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Maolmhuire mac Duilbh O Duibhgeannain, alive 1578. Dolbh
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Matthew Glas
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Daibhidh Bacach O Duibhghennain
fl.1651-1696.
("1578: O'Duigennan of Kilronan (Dolbh, son of Duffy), Ollav of Tirerrill, a learned historian, who kept a thronged house of general hospitality; a cheerful, eloquent, and affable man, died; and his son, Mulmurry, took his place.") (Annals of the Four Masters
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Clan
A clan is a group of people united by actual or perceived kinship and descent. Even if lineage details are unknown, clan members may be organized around a founding member or apical ancestor. The kinship-based bonds may be symbolical, whereby the clan shares a "stipulated" common ancestor that is a...
were a family of professional historians in medieval and early modern Ireland
Ireland
Ireland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
.
They originated in the kingdom of Annaly
Annaly
Annaly was a medieval lordship in central Ireland.Its territory roughly coincided with modern County Longford. It was associated with the O'Farrell family. The history of the Lords of Annaly is mentioned in the Annals of the Four Masters....
(also known as Conmaicne Maigh Rein) on the east bank of the Shannon
River Shannon
The River Shannon is the longest river in Ireland at . It divides the west of Ireland from the east and south . County Clare, being west of the Shannon but part of the province of Munster, is the major exception...
(mostly situated in what is now Co. Longford
Longford
Longford is the county town of County Longford in Ireland. It has a population of 7,622 according to the 2006 census. Approximately one third of the county's population resides in the town. Longford town is also the biggest town in the county...
) and later migrated into Connacht. Writing in 1921 the Irish historian, Fr. Paul Walsh
Fr. Paul Walsh
Father Paul Walsh , was an Irish priest and historian.-Life and career:Walsh was the eldest of the five sons and three daughters born to Michael Walsh and Brigid Gallagher of Ballina , in the parish of Mullingar, County Westmeath. Educated locally, he spent a year at Mullingar's Christian Brothers...
stated that "The celebrated Dubhaltach MacFhirbhisigh ... informs us that the O Duigenans followed the profession of historiographers under the families of Clann Mhaiolruanaidh and Conmhaicne in Magh Rein, that is, with the Mac Dermotts and the MacDonoughs in the west, and with the O Farrells in the territory of Annaly."
The earliest known reference to a bearer of the surname dates to 1296, when, according to the Annals of the Four Masters
Annals of the Four Masters
The Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland or the Annals of the Four Masters are a chronicle of medieval Irish history...
"Maelpeter O'Duigennan, Archdeacon of Breifny, from Drumcliff to Kells, died." Less than thirty years later in the year 1323 (according to the same source) - "Gillapatrick O'Duigennan, Chief Historian of Conmaicne, and Lucas, his son, were slain by Conor, the son of Garvey Maguire."
The family themselves can be traced back with confidence several centuries further, ultimately to Maine of Tethba
Maine of Tethba
Maine of Tethba or Maine mac Néill was a supposed son of Niall Noigiallach. His existence is very doubtful. Writing of him in 1973, Irish historian Francis John Byrne stated his belief that:...
, an alleged son of Niall of the Nine Hostages
Niall of the Nine Hostages
Niall Noígíallach , or in English, Niall of the Nine Hostages, son of Eochaid Mugmedón, was an Irish king, the eponymous ancestor of the Uí Néill kindred who dominated Ireland from the 6th century to the 10th century...
. While Maine's relationship is probably fictitious, there seems to be no good reason for doubting that the O Duibhgeannain descend from the figure claimed as an ancestor by the rulers of Hy-Many
Hy-Many
Uí Maine, often incorrectly Anglicised as Hy Many, was one of the oldest and largest kingdoms located in Connacht, Ireland. Its territory of approximately encompassed all of what is now north, east and south County Galway, south and central County Roscommon, an area near County Clare, and at one...
.
From Annaly to Moylurg: Kilronan and Castlefore
By the 14th century, while some lines of the family remained in Annaly, the senior branches and others moved west into MoylurgMoylurg
Magh Luirg or Magh Luirg an Dagda, Anglicised as Moylurg, was the name of a kingdom located in the north-east of Connacht, the western province of Ireland, from c.956-1585...
where they became historians for the MacDermots. The senior line, under Ferghall Muimhneach, built the church of Kilronan in 1339 to which they became erenachs, or its lay proprietors. The Four Masters include the following references to the family, and Kilronan church:
- 1339 - The church of Kilronan was erected by Farrell Muimhneach O'Duigenan.
- 1340 - Philip O'Duigenan, Ollav i.e. Chief Poet of Conmaicne, died. The church of Kilronan was burned.
- 1347 - The church of Kilronan was re-erected by Farrell O'Duigenan. Finola, daughter of Mac Fineen, and wife of Farrell O'Duigenan, died.
- 1357 - Clement O'Duigenan, Vicar of Kilronan, died. He was called Sagart-na-Sinnach (i.e., Priest of the Foxes). Muimhneach O'Duigennan, Ollav of Conmaicne and Clann-Mulrony, Lower and Upper, died.
- 1360 - Naevag O'Duigennan died.
- 1362 - Cu-Connacht O Duigeannain, Vicar of Cill Ronain rested in Christ.
- 1381 - Lasairiona, daughter of Ferghal O Duigeannain, wife of O Mithin (Meehan), of Bealach ui Mithin, died.
- 1398 - David O Duigeannain, Coarb of the Virgin St. Lasair, chief chronicler of MacDiarmuda (MacDermott) and his great favorite, a hospitaller for all comers of Eirinn in general, a reverend attendant of a nobleman, and one that never refused anyone for anything he had until his death, died in his house and was interred in the Church of Cill Ronan.
By 1400 a secondary line had established themselves in Moylurg, at Baile Caille Foghair, or Castlefore, now in Co. Leitrim
County Leitrim
County Leitrim is a county in Ireland. It is located in the West Region and is also part of the province of Connacht. It is named after the village of Leitrim. Leitrim County Council is the local authority for the county...
. Their ancestor was Philip na hInishe who died in Conmaicne in 1340, said to be a brother of Fearghall Muimhneach. The first member of the family mentioned as of Castlefore was Maghnus mac Melaghlin Ruadh O Duibggeannain, who died in 1452. He is apparently the same Maghnus of Castlefore was the chief compiler of the Book of Ballymote, which was commissioned by Tomaltach MacDonagh, Lord of Coran, about or after 1391.
Irish historical manuscripts compiled and penned by various O Duibhgeannain which have survived their turbulent times include:
- Annala Loch Ce (The Annals of Loch Ce).
- Leabhair O Duibhgeannain Cill Ronan, a source book used for the Four Masters.
- The Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland, better known as the Annals of the Four MastersAnnals of the Four MastersThe Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland or the Annals of the Four Masters are a chronicle of medieval Irish history...
. - Suibhne Gelt (The Frenzy of Sweeney).
Peregrine and Daibhidh
The two most significant O Duibhgeannains during the final years of Gaelic Ireland were Cu Coigriche mac Tuathal O Duibhgeannain of Castlefore (fl.Floruit
Floruit , abbreviated fl. , is a Latin verb meaning "flourished", denoting the period of time during which something was active...
1627-1636), and Daibhidh mac Matthew Glas O Duibhgeann of Kilronan (fl. 1651-1696).
Cu Coigriche, thought to have being born about or after 1590, was ordained a Franciscan monk and changed his name to Peregrine O'Duignan
Peregrine O'Duignan
Peregrine O'Duignan was an Irish clergyman and historian.Born Cú Coigriche mac Tuathal Ó Duibhgeannain, presumably about or after 1590, his name was Latinized to Pereginus when he took holy orders in the Franciscan Order based at Leuven...
. Nothing is known of his life until he became engaged in the massive project known to history as the Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland (better known by its nickname, the Annals of the Four Masters
Annals of the Four Masters
The Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland or the Annals of the Four Masters are a chronicle of medieval Irish history...
). The annals are known by this name because, under the leadership of Brother Michael O'Clery (Michael O Cleirigh), Peregrine, Cu Choigriche (Peregrine) O Cleirigh and Fearfeasa O Maoilchonaire, these four men compiled and wrote in a few short years (c.1627-1636) one of the largest collections of mythical, historical and cultural lore - spanning the years 2242 AM to 1616 AD.
Nothing certain is known of Peregrine after August 1636; possibly he returned to Louvain, as did O Cleirigh. However, there exists a slight possibility that he remained in Ireland, as a copy of the annals was in the town of Galway, and used as a source by none other than Dubhaltach MacFhirbhisigh. MacFhirbhisigh explicitly states using it in 1649 though typiclly he gives us no clues as to how he obtained it. It may not be coincidental that a kinsman of O Duibhgeannain, Daibhidh O Duibhghennain living and working in the Galway region from as early as 1651.
Daibhidh mac Matthew Glas O Duibgeannain, or Daibhidh Bacach ("lame David") as he sometimes called himself, was an active scribe, compiler, poet between the years 1651 and 1696. In the earliest of his known works, Royal Irish Academy Ms. 24.P.9., he writes on page 238: "sguirim go ttrasada ar Loch Mesg dam a ttigh Thaidgh Oig Ui Fhlaibhertaigh 1 die Aprilis 1651, Dauid Duigenan qui scripsit/I stop now, and I on Loch Mask in the house of Tadhg Og O Flaherty, April 1st, 1651, David Duigenan who wrote this." A later entry specifies the place as Oilean Ruadh, or Red Island.
Over the course of his life he penned such works as "Suibhne Gelt/The Frenzy of Sweeney", "The Adventures of the Two Idiot Saints", "The Battle of Magh Rath", and "The Banquet of Dun na Gedh.". He is believed to have lived his final years in Shancough, Tirerrill, Co. Sligo, where he died in 1696.
Duigenans
Patrick DuigenanPatrick Duigenan
Patrick Duigenan , Irish lawyer and politician, was the son of a Leitrim Catholic farmer named O'Duibhgeannain.Through the tuition of the local Protestant clergyman, who was interested in the boy, he got a scholarship in 1756 at Trinity College, Dublin, and subsequently became a fellow...
; Michael V. Duigenan (historian); John Albert Duigenan (artist).
Duignans
May Duignan ("Chicago May") (international thief) ;W. H. Duignan; Sean Duignan (journalist, political aide); Patricia Rose Duignan (production staff "Star Wars:A New Hope"); Michael Duignan (GAA hurler and manager); Peter Duignan (author); Clare Duignan (Head of Production, RTÉ); Eoin Duignan (musician); Michael Duignan (Vice Chairman, Irish Horse Board); Jonathan Duignan (migration review tribunal lawyer, Australia); Michael DuignanMichael Duignan
Michael Duignan is a retired Irish hurling manager and former dual player. He played hurling and Gaelic football with his local club St. Rynagh's and with the Offaly senior inter-county teams from the 1980s until the early 2000s. Duignan served as manager of the Meath senior hurling team from...
(New Zealand filmmaker); Michael Duignan (American actor); Campbell Duignan (New Zealand trade unionist); Katherine Duignan (writer); Noel Duignan
Noel Duignan
Noel Duignan is former politician in Ontario, Canada. He was a New Democratic Party member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1990 to 1995.-Background:...
(Canadian politician); Kevin Patrick Duignan (Vice President for Institutional Advancement, St. Thomas Aquinas College, Sparkill, NY), Francis Duignan (CFO Becker Orthopedic, Troy, MI)
Deignans
- Osborn DeignanOsborn DeignanOsborn Warren Deignan was an enlisted sailor and later a Warrant Officer in the United States Navy. He received his country's highest military decoration—the Medal of Honor—for actions in the Spanish-American War...
(US Navy, recipient of the Medal of Honor for his role in Spanish American Civil War (Merrimac)) - Mary Ann Deignan (Bank of America, Head of Equity Capital Markets, Americas)
- Kathleen P. DeignanKathleen P. DeignanKathleen P. Deignan, C.N.D., , is an Irish-American theologian, author and sacred song writer who has been engaged in the ministry of liturgical musicianship for over forty years...
(Professor of Religious Studies, Head of the Iona Spirituality Institute at Iona College in New Rochelle, New York) - Paul T. Deignan (Commercial lawyer and Senior Partner of Taft Stettinius & Hollister LLP, Indiana)
- Robert E. Deignan (Baker & McKenzie LLP, Chicago)
- Dr Jarlath Deignan (General Practices clinic,Tuam, Galway, Ireland)
- Philip DeignanPhilip DeignanPhilip Deignan is an Irish Olympian and professional road racing cyclist for UCI ProTeam . He was educated at St Eunan's College.- Career :He first set foot on a bike in 1997 during a charity cycling event organised by Paddy Delap in Letterkenny. He has been professional since 2005. Before that he...
(Irish: Pilib Ó Duígeannáin]]; (an Irish Olympian and professional road racing cyclist for UCI ProTeam Team RadioShack) - Tom Deignan (Journalist, American Ireland Magazine)
- Sineád Deignan (Journalist and Historian. Founder of the Eiru Trust)
- Dr Deirdre Deignan (Doctor in Dallas, Texas)
- Dr Eileen M. Deignan (Dermatologist, Concord, MA)
- Patrick Deignan (Artist, California)
Dignans
- Danny Dignan (British television producer)
- John DignanJohn DignanJohn Dignan, Bishop of Clonfert, 13 June 1880 - 15 April 1953.Dignan was a native of Ballygar, County Galway. He was educated at Esker, near Athenry, later attending St. Patrick's College, Maynooth, where he was ordained a priest for the Diocese of Clonfert on 6 September 1903. In 1919 he became...
(Bishop of Clonfert) - R. H. Dignan (Bishop of Sault Ste. Marie)
- Peter Dignan (Mayor of Auckland)
- Peter DignanPeter Dignan (rower)Peter Dignan is a former New Zealand rower. His father later entered the diplomatic corps, and as a result, Dignan spent a lot of time outside of his parents' native New Zealand...
(New Zealand Olympic rower) - James Dignan (New Zealand artist and writer)
- James Dignan (British jurist).
Dignams
- Mark DignamMark DignamMark Dignam was a prolific English actor.Born in London, the son of salesman in the steel industry, Dignam grew up in Sheffield and was educated at the Jesuit College where he appeared in numerous Shakespearean plays....
(British actor) - Basil DignamBasil DignamBasil Dignam was an English character actor.Basil Dignam, a native of Sheffield, acted on film and television between 1951 and 1975. He often appeared as an authority figure, such as a police officer, army general or peer....
(British actor) - Christy DignamChristy DignamChristy Dignam is the lead singer of the popular Irish rock-band Aslan. His career of over twenty-five years has been characterized by numerous successes on the Irish charts as well as recurring problems with drug addiction and recovery.-Life:...
(Irish singer) - Arthur DignamArthur DignamArthur Dignam is an Australian character actor.Dignam was born on Lord Howe Island. He attended Newington College in Sydney as a boarder 1955–1956....
(Australian actor)
Degnans
- John A. Degnan (American politician)
- John J. DegnanJohn J. DegnanJohn J. Degnan was the Attorney General of New Jersey from 1978 until 1981. He is currently vice chairman and chief operating officer of The Chubb Corporation.-Biography:...
(American politician) - Joseph R. Degnan (automotive pioneer)
Genealogy of O Duibhgeannain of Kilronan, Moylurg
Taken from MacFhirbhisigh's Book of Genealogies; faulty in places.Maine of Tethba
Maine of Tethba
Maine of Tethba or Maine mac Néill was a supposed son of Niall Noigiallach. His existence is very doubtful. Writing of him in 1973, Irish historian Francis John Byrne stated his belief that:...
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Fiachna Eanna Creamthann Brian Bracan
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Breanainn Criomhthann
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Criomthann Connhach Aodh
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Corc Cathasach Blathmhac
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Aodh Conghall
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Conaig Conghalach Murchadh Muirchertaigh Diarmaid Conchobair
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Breasal
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Braighte Gabhalach
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Maol Beannachta Fionnachta
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Tadhgan Maol Odhair
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Cearnachan Duibhgeann Dubhlaith Conghall Mughaighe Faghartach Madadhar
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Naomhtuc mac Duibhgeann
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Pilip na hInnise (Phillip of the Island) mac Naomhtuc O Duibhgeannain
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Poil an Fhiona (Paul of the Wine) mac Pilip O Duibhgeannain
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Lucais Ancaire (Lucas the Anchorite) mac Poil O Duibhgeannain
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Fearghail Mhuimhnigh (Fearghail of Munster) mac Lucais O Duibhgeannain, d.1347.
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Matha Ghlais mac Fearghail Mhuimhnigh O Duibhgeannain
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Maoileachlainn mac Matha Ghlais O Duibhgeannain
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Dubhthaigh Mhoir mac Maoileachlainn O Duibhgeannain, died 1511.
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Dubhthaigh Oig mac Dubhtaigh Mhoir O Duibhgeannain. Maoilsechlainn
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Duilbh mac Dubhtaigh Oig O Duibhgeannain, died 1578. Paidin
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Maolmhuire mac Duilbh O Duibhgeannain, alive 1578. Dolbh
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Matthew Glas
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Daibhidh Bacach O Duibhghennain
fl.1651-1696.
Last O Duibhghennain Entry in the Four Masters
"1578: O Duibhghennáin Cille Ronain (Dolbh mac Dubhthaigh) ollamh Ua n-Oilealla saoí senchaidh fer tighe aoidhedh coitchinn congairighe, fer suilbir, soingthe soagallmha d'écc, & a mhac Maol Muire do ghabhail a ionaidh."(Annala Rioghachta Éireann).("1578: O'Duigennan of Kilronan (Dolbh, son of Duffy), Ollav of Tirerrill, a learned historian, who kept a thronged house of general hospitality; a cheerful, eloquent, and affable man, died; and his son, Mulmurry, took his place.") (Annals of the Four Masters
Annals of the Four Masters
The Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland or the Annals of the Four Masters are a chronicle of medieval Irish history...
).
Sources
- http://homepage.eircom.net/~cloghogue/sites/record/moybits/scribe.html
- http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~dignan/part_1.htm
- http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/T100005A/index.html
- "The Learned Family of O Duigenan", Fr. Paul Walsh, Irish Ecclesiastical Record, 1921.
- The Celebrated Antiquary", Nollaig O Muralie, Maynooth, 1996.
- "Irish Leaders and Learning Through the Ages", Fr. Paul Walsh, 2004. (ed. Nollaig O Muralie).
- "The Story of Chicago May", Nuala O'Faolain, 2005.
See also
- List of Irish historians
- http://www.tcd.ie/Arts_Letters/translation/ballymote.php
- http://homepage.eircom.net/~jhiggins/book.html
- http://www.equinox-project.com/ogamscales.htm
- http://www.tcd.ie/Arts_Letters/translation/ballymote.php