Chhina
Encyclopedia
| Jat Clan: Chhina | |
| Distribution | Punjab (Pakistan) Punjab (Pakistan) Punjab is the most populous province of Pakistan, with approximately 45% of the country's total population. Forming most of the Punjab region, the province is bordered by Kashmir to the north-east, the Indian states of Punjab and Rajasthan to the east, the Pakistani province of Sindh to the... and Punjab (India) Punjab (India) Punjab ) is a state in the northwest of the Republic of India, forming part of the larger Punjab region. The state is bordered by the Indian states of Himachal Pradesh to the east, Haryana to the south and southeast and Rajasthan to the southwest as well as the Pakistani province of Punjab to the... |
| Branches: | Chhimba |
| Religion | Islam Islam Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~... and Sikhism Sikhism Sikhism is a monotheistic religion founded during the 15th century in the Punjab region, by Guru Nanak Dev and continued to progress with ten successive Sikh Gurus . It is the fifth-largest organized religion in the world and one of the fastest-growing... |
| Languages | Punjabi Punjabi language Punjabi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by inhabitants of the historical Punjab region . For Sikhs, the Punjabi language stands as the official language in which all ceremonies take place. In Pakistan, Punjabi is the most widely spoken language... |
Chhina is a Jat clan of India and Pakistan.
Traditional origin and history
According to Horace RoseHorace Arthur Rose
Horace Arthur Rose was an administrator in the Indian Civil Service and also an author of works related to India in the time of the British Raj.Rose was the son of a merchant from East Grinstead and was born on 25 November 1867...
, the Bahawalpur
Bahawalpur
Bahawalpur , located in the province of Punjab, is the twelfth largest city in Pakistan. The city was once the capital of the former princely state of Bahawalpur. The city was home to various Nawabs and counted as part of the Rajputana states...
Chhina genealogy gives them common origin with the Wattu
Wattu
The Wattoo or Wattu are Muslim Rajput tribe found in Punjab, Pakistan.-History and origin:Accoding to some traditions, the Wattoo are descended from a Rajah Junhar, a descendant of the famous Raja Salvahan of Sialkot. This Raja Junhar settled in Bhatner, where he had two sons, Jaipal and Rajpal...
. They claim origin from Chhina, a descendant of Jaypal, the brother of Rajpal, from whom are descended the Wattu
Wattu
The Wattoo or Wattu are Muslim Rajput tribe found in Punjab, Pakistan.-History and origin:Accoding to some traditions, the Wattoo are descended from a Rajah Junhar, a descendant of the famous Raja Salvahan of Sialkot. This Raja Junhar settled in Bhatner, where he had two sons, Jaipal and Rajpal...
. The Muslim
Muslim
A Muslim, also spelled Moslem, is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion based on the Quran, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God as revealed to prophet Muhammad. "Muslim" is the Arabic term for "submitter" .Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable...
Chhina claim that they were converted to Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
by Baba Farid-ud-Din of Pakpattan. This is said to have occurred during the time of Pheru, eighteenth in descent from the eponymous Chhina. They are mentioned as a courageous and hardworking people. Rose also lists an alternate theory of the Chhina being descended from Raja Agarsen Surajbansi. According to the Majha
Majha
Majha is a region of the Punjab comprising the modern districts of Amritsar, Gurdaspur and Tarn Taran in the Indian State of Punjab and the districts of Narowal, Lahore and Kasur in the Pakistani Province of Punjab. The term previously applied to Panjabis living north of the Sutlej...
tradition, the Chhina are a Jadubansi clan. The eponym of the clan, Chhina Rao was one of the sixteen sons of Raja Salwan. He held the lands between the Ravi
Ravi River
The Ravi is a trans-boundary river flowing through Northwestern India and eastern Pakistan. It is one of the six rivers of the Indus System in Punjab region ....
and the Beas
Beas River
The Beas River is a river in the northern part of India. The river rises in the Himalayas in central Himachal Pradesh, India, and flows for some 470 km to the Sutlej River in the Indian state of Punjab....
. However, Sir Lepel Henry Griffin alludes to Miru, the founder of the Chhina villages in Amritsar district
Amritsar District
Amritsar district is one of 22 districts in the state of Punjab in West India. It has a population of 3,074,207 and covers an area of 5075 km²...
, as a Gill
Gill
A gill is a respiratory organ found in many aquatic organisms that extracts dissolved oxygen from water, afterward excreting carbon dioxide. The gills of some species such as hermit crabs have adapted to allow respiration on land provided they are kept moist...
Jat.
Migrations
Rose mentions that there was a migration of various Jat clans, including the Chhina from BahawalpurBahawalpur
Bahawalpur , located in the province of Punjab, is the twelfth largest city in Pakistan. The city was once the capital of the former princely state of Bahawalpur. The city was home to various Nawabs and counted as part of the Rajputana states...
and Multan
Multan
Multan , is a city in the Punjab Province of Pakistan and capital of Multan District. It is located in the southern part of the province on the east bank of the Chenab River, more or less in the geographic centre of the country and about from Islamabad, from Lahore and from Karachi...
, in the early 15th century. These clans went up the Indus, gradually occupied the country on the edge of the Mianwali
Mianwali
Mianwali is the capital city of Mianwali District and situated in the north-west of Punjab province, Pakistan. The city is located on the eastern bank of the Indus River...
Thal, and then crossed the Indus. The Chhina also held onto large tracts in the Thal. Jamki, near Sialkot
Sialkot
Sialkot is a city in Pakistan situated in the north-east of the Punjab province at the foothills of snow-covered peaks of Kashmir near the Chenab river. It is the capital of Sialkot District. The city is about north-west of Lahore and only a few kilometers from Indian-controlled Jammu.The...
, is considered the oldest Chhina settlement in the north of Punjab
Punjab region
The Punjab , also spelled Panjab |water]]s"), is a geographical region straddling the border between Pakistan and India which includes Punjab province in Pakistan and the states of the Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Chandigarh and some northern parts of the National Capital Territory of Delhi...
. It is said to be founded by a Chhina Jat who held the title of Jam. Sir Lepel Henry Griffin dates the founding of the Chhina villages in Amritsar district
Amritsar District
Amritsar district is one of 22 districts in the state of Punjab in West India. It has a population of 3,074,207 and covers an area of 5075 km²...
to around 1600 CE.
Distribution
In PakistanPakistan
Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
, the Chhina country lies between the Thal Desert
Thal Desert
The Thal desert is situated in Punjab, Pakistan. It is vast area mainly between the Jhelum and Sindh rivers near the Pothohar Plateau. Its total length from north to south is 190 miles, and its maximum breadth is while minimum breadth is 20 miles. This region is divided into the districts of...
and the part of Chenab
Chenab River
The Chenab River چنRiver' آب) is a major river of Jammu and Kashmir and the Punjab in Pakistan. It forms in the upper Himalayas in the Lahaul and Spiti district of Himachal Pradesh, India, and flows through the Jammu region of Jammu and Kashmir into the plains of the Punjab, Pakistan...
, which flows after its confluence with the Jhelum River
Jhelum River
Jehlum River or Jhelum River , ) is a river that flows in India and Pakistan. It is the largest and most western of the five rivers of Punjab, and passes through Jhelum District...
at Atharan Hazari in Jhang
Jhang
- Demographics :According to 1981 census of Pakistan population of Jhang was 1,970,944 with the 434,495 housing units in Jhang. In 1998 census, population of Jhang was 2,834,545, whose annually growth rate was 2.16%. Male population was 1,474,099 and female population was 1,360,446...
district. Parts of the districts of Bhakkar
Bhakkar
Bhakkar is the principal city of Bhakkar District, Punjab, Pakistan. It lies on the left bank of the Indus river. It has a population of almost 300,000 and was given status of district in 1981.-Administration:...
, Muzaffargarh
Muzaffargarh
Muzaffargarh is a city in southwestern Punjab, Pakistan, located on the bank of the Chenab River. The Town of Muzaffargarh was founded in 1794 by the Governor of Mulran Nawab Muzaffar Khan.The Meaning of Muzaffargarh is "Fort of Muzaffar" because the old town lies inside the walls of a fort built...
, Layyah
Layyah
Layyah, also spelt Leiah , is the capital city of the Layyah District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is located at 30°58'0N 70°56'0E with an altitude of 143 metres .-Old History:...
and Kot Addu
Kot Addu
Kot Adu is a city and Tehsil of Muzaffargarh District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The city is subdivided into 28 Union Councils. It is located in the southern part of the Punjab province, and is a very historic city. It has a population of over 800 Thousand, making it the 150th largest...
form this region. In Mianwali
Mianwali
Mianwali is the capital city of Mianwali District and situated in the north-west of Punjab province, Pakistan. The city is located on the eastern bank of the Indus River...
, the Chhina lands extend across from Chhina, Behal, Lappi and Notak, on the edge of the Kachha, to Mankera and Haidarabad on the further side of the Thal. The Chhina have three landowning septs in Bahawalpur
Bahawalpur
Bahawalpur , located in the province of Punjab, is the twelfth largest city in Pakistan. The city was once the capital of the former princely state of Bahawalpur. The city was home to various Nawabs and counted as part of the Rajputana states...
: Tareka, Maharamka and Azamka.
The town of Jamki near Sialkot
Sialkot
Sialkot is a city in Pakistan situated in the north-east of the Punjab province at the foothills of snow-covered peaks of Kashmir near the Chenab river. It is the capital of Sialkot District. The city is about north-west of Lahore and only a few kilometers from Indian-controlled Jammu.The...
is considered to be the oldest settlement by the northern Chhina. There are also a number of Chhina settlements in Rawalpindi District
Rawalpindi District
Rawalpindi is a district of Pakistan in the north of the Punjab province which contains the city of Rawalpindi. The district has an area of . It was part of Rawalpindi Division, until the year 2000 when the division was abolished...
. In India, the Chhina are found mainly in the Amritsar district
Amritsar District
Amritsar district is one of 22 districts in the state of Punjab in West India. It has a population of 3,074,207 and covers an area of 5075 km²...
.
Chhina population is 5838 in Amritsar
Amritsar
Amritsar is a city in the northern part of India and is the administrative headquarters of Amritsar district in the state of Punjab, India. The 2001 Indian census reported the population of the city to be over 1,500,000, with that of the entire district numbering 3,695,077...
district.
Prominent Chhinas
Pir Sahari Chhina a Muslim Jatt Pir Who later Converted to Sikhism During the time of Guru Amar Dass and Followed Sikhism all his life.- Bhai Bidhi Chand ChhinaBhai Bidhi Chand ChhinaBhai Bidhi Chand Chhina was the son of Vassan and the grandson of Bhikki his mother belonged to Sarhali Village also in Amritsar district. He was a Sikh warrior and religious preacher, who lived at the time of Guru Arjan Dev Ji and Guru Hargobind...
, renowned SikhSikhA Sikh is a follower of Sikhism. It primarily originated in the 15th century in the Punjab region of South Asia. The term "Sikh" has its origin in Sanskrit term शिष्य , meaning "disciple, student" or शिक्ष , meaning "instruction"...
warrior and preacher, famed for the recovery of the horses, Dilbagh and Gulbagh for Guru Hargobind. - Sardar Karam Singh Chhina, of the Bhangi misl.
- Sardar Jai Singh Chhina, jagirdar of Chhina, Nagran and Firozki under Maharaja Ranjit SinghRanjit SinghMaharaja Ranjit Singh Ji was the first Maharaja of the Sikh Empire.-Early life:...
- Achhar Singh ChhinaAchhar Singh ChhinaComrade Achhar Singh Chhina was an Indian communist politician and independence activist. He served as a MLA in the Punjab Legislative Assembly for two terms. In 1962 he contested Member Parliament election from Taran Taran and defeated by 1990 votes .- Early life :He was born at village Harsha...
, freedom fighter and political activist. - Jagbir Singh ChhinaJagbir Singh ChhinaJagbir Singh Chhina , , is a freedom fighter who worked during freedom movement with Comrade Achhar Singh Chhina, Pratap Singh Kairon, Sohan Singh Josh, Mohan Singh Batth, Gurdial Singh Dhillon and Harkishan Singh Surjeet against the British empire...
, freedom fighter. - Hardev Singh Chhina, former Chief Secretary of the Punjab GovernmentPunjab GovernmentPunjab Government may refer to:*Government of Punjab *Government of Punjab...
. - Malik Ghulam Yasin ChhinaMalik Ghulam Yasin ChhinaMalik Ghulam Yasin Chhina , was an Pakistan Muslim Lawyer and Social Worker. He served as a Bhakkar Court chairman Election Board of Bhakkar Court in the Punjab bar court for nearly whole life.- Early life :...
, Senior Advocate & Chairman, Election Board of Bhakkar Court. - Prof. Malik Muhammad Yousuf Chhina, Senior Economist and Scholar of Bhakkar, also served as Member, Board of Education, Sargodha.
- Malik Col (R) Kaleem Ullah Chhina, first Ranger Commander in Sindh Rangers.
- Lt. Colonel Engineer Malik Muhammad Waqar Yasin Chhina, first Army Engineer Officer of BhakkarBhakkarBhakkar is the principal city of Bhakkar District, Punjab, Pakistan. It lies on the left bank of the Indus river. It has a population of almost 300,000 and was given status of district in 1981.-Administration:...
in the Pakistan Army. - Malik Doctor Yasir Yasin Chhina, first Anaesthesia Specialist of Bhakkar.
- Malik Rizwan Yasin Chhina, Advance Network System Researcher & Scholar.
- Malik Muhammad Numan Yasin Chhina, Advocate of High Court.
- Prof. Malik Javed Iqbal Chhina, WAPDA Degree College, Tarbela
- Hasnat Ahmad Chhina, Director Mutual Funds Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan Islamabad
Places bearing the Chhina name in the Subcontinent
India- Chhina Bidhi Chand, Harsha ChhinaHarsha ChhinaHarsha Chhina is a village in the state of Punjab, India, three kilometers from Guru Ramdas International Airport, Amritsar, on Ajnala Road. Harse is a Urdu word which means three villages . It is one of biggest villages in Ajnala and Rajasansi Constituency. It has a population of about 6,500...
and Chhina Karam Singh in Amritsar districtAmritsar DistrictAmritsar district is one of 22 districts in the state of Punjab in West India. It has a population of 3,074,207 and covers an area of 5075 km²...
. - Chhina Bet, Chhina Railway, Chhina Retla and Chhina Viran in Gurdaspur districtGurdaspur DistrictGurdaspur district is a district in the state of Punjab, situated in the northwest part of the Republic of India. Gurdaspur is the district headquarters. It internationally borders Narowal District of the Pakistani Punjab, Kathua District of Jammu and Kashmir, the Punjab districts of Amritsar and...
.
Pakistan
- Chhina village, near Khankah Dogaran, Shiekhupura district.
- Chhina village, near Bhakkar city.