Cell-free protein synthesis
Encyclopedia
Cell-free protein synthesis (also called in-vitro protein synthesis), is the production of protein without the use of living cells.
in 1961 at the National Institutes of Health. They used a cell-free system to translate a poly-uracil RNA sequence (or UUUUU... in biochemical terms) and discovered that the polypeptide they had synthesized consisted of only the amino acid phenylalanine. They thereby deduced from this poly-phenylalanine that the codon UUU specified the amino-acid phenylalanine. Extending this work, Nirenberg and his coworkers were able to determine the nucleotide makeup of each codon
History
The first elucidation of a codon was done by Marshall Nirenberg and Heinrich J. MatthaeiHeinrich J. Matthaei
J. Heinrich Matthaei is a German biochemist. He is best known for his unique contribution to solving the genetic code on May 15, 1961...
in 1961 at the National Institutes of Health. They used a cell-free system to translate a poly-uracil RNA sequence (or UUUUU... in biochemical terms) and discovered that the polypeptide they had synthesized consisted of only the amino acid phenylalanine. They thereby deduced from this poly-phenylalanine that the codon UUU specified the amino-acid phenylalanine. Extending this work, Nirenberg and his coworkers were able to determine the nucleotide makeup of each codon