Casimir II of Kuyavia
Encyclopedia
Casimir II of Kuyavia (1277/80 – 22 August 1345/13 May 1350) was Duke of Kuyavia
Kuyavia
Kujawy , is a historical and ethnographic region in the north-central Poland, situated in the basin of the middle Vistula and upper Noteć Rivers, with its capital in Włocławek.-Etymology:The origin of the name Kujawy was seen differently in history...

 and was a member of the House of Piast. He was son of Ziemomysł of Kuyavia
Ziemomysł of Kuyavia
Ziemomysł of Kuyavia was Prince of Kuyavia from 1267-1271 and 1278-1287. He was a member of the large House of Piast- Early life :...

 and his wife Salome , daughter of Sambor II, Duke of Pomerania
Sambor II, Duke of Pomerania
Sambor II of Tczew was a duke of Pomerania and prince of Lubiszewo Tczewskie.Sambor was a son of Mestwin I, Duke of Pomerania, and member of the Samborides. He was married to Mechtild of Mecklenburg. His daughter, Margaret Sambiria, became Queen of Denmark in 1248 by marriage with Christopher I of...

.

Life

Casimir was Duke of Inowrocław (1287–1314), vassal of Wenceslaus II of Bohemia (from 1300), A vassal of Poland (from 1306) Governor of Tczew (130—1309) and Duke of Gniewkowo
Gniewkowo
Gniewkowo is a town in Inowrocław County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland with a population of 7,301 .- Location :Gniewkowo is located to the south of the Bydgoszcz forest on route 52, 15 km northeast of Inowrocław and 23 km southwest of Toruń.- History :Archaeological...

 (from 1314).

In 1287, Casimir father died, when Casimir was around the age of ten, he was too young to rule of the lands his father left him. He was under the protection of his mother, Salome and his two older brothers Leszek and Przemysł. In 1300 Casimir was forced to pay hommage to Wenceslaus II of Bohemia. In 1302, Casimir was able to rule over his own lands. In 1306, he became the vassal of his uncle Ladislaus the Short. As a reward, his uncle made him Governor of Tczew in Gdańsk Pomerania. In 1309 he lost his position as governor following the invasion of Eastern Pomerania
Eastern Pomerania
Eastern Pomerania can refer to distinct parts of Pomerania:*the historical region of Farther Pomerania, which was the eastern part of the Duchy, later Province of Pomerania...

 by Teutonic Knights
Teutonic Knights
The Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem , commonly the Teutonic Order , is a German medieval military order, in modern times a purely religious Catholic order...

. At the same time, Casimir and his brother Przemysl were in conflict with Bishop Gerward. The conflict escalated quickly. The two brothers attacked the property of the bishop, located in Raciąż
Raciaz
Raciąż is a town in Płońsk County, Masovian Voivodeship, Poland, with 4,585 inhabitants . Its history dates to 10th century....

 and trapped him. They were then excommunicated. In 1311 an agreement was reached between both parties.

In 1314 The Duchy was divided among the three brothers. Casimir obtained the little duchy of Gniewkowo
Gniewkowo
Gniewkowo is a town in Inowrocław County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland with a population of 7,301 .- Location :Gniewkowo is located to the south of the Bydgoszcz forest on route 52, 15 km northeast of Inowrocław and 23 km southwest of Toruń.- History :Archaeological...

. In 1318 He participated in the assembly of nobles of Sulejów
Sulejów
Sulejów is a town in central Poland with 6,375 inhabitants . It is situated in Łódź Voivodeship , having previously been in Piotrków Voivodeship . Sulejów gives its name to the protected area known as Sulejów Landscape Park....

 after which a petition was addressed to the Pope that allowed Casimir's uncle Ladislaus the Short to be crowned King of Poland. In 1325, Casimir's name was mentioned on a document drafted at the conclusion of an alliance between Ladislaus the Short and Western Pomerania.

In 1332 During the a between Poland and the Teutonic order, Casimir's stronghold of Gniewkowo was besieged. Not wanting to fall into enemy hands, Casimir abandoned the place after burning his castle. The Teutonic Knights captured the whole Kuyavia and Casimir was forced into exile. Only after the agreement Kalisz
Kalisz
Kalisz is a city in central Poland with 106,857 inhabitants , the capital city of the Kalisz Region. Situated on the Prosna river in the southeastern part of the Greater Poland Voivodeship, the city forms a conurbation with the nearby towns of Ostrów Wielkopolski and Nowe Skalmierzyce...

 in 1343 did Casimir recover his duchy .

Casimir III died between 1347 and 1350.

Marriage and children

Casimir did marry, however the date of his marriage, the name and origins of his wife are unknown . Casimir and his wife had at least three children:
  1. Elizabeth
    Elizabeth of Kuyavia
    Elizabeth of Kuyavia was the only daughter of Casimir II of Kuyavia and his wife, whose name and origins are unknown. Elisabeth was Baness of Bosnia by her marriage.- Family :...

      (1315/20 – after 22 August 1345) married Stephen II, Ban of Bosnia and was mother of Elizabeth of Bosnia
  2. Władysław the White (b. between 1327 and 1333 — died on 29 February 1388), Duke of Gniewkowo and candidate to succeed Casimir III of Poland
    Casimir III of Poland
    Casimir III the Great , last King of Poland from the Piast dynasty , was the son of King Władysław I the Elbow-high and Hedwig of Kalisz.-Biography:...

  3. unnamed child (d.1329)
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