Butter rebellion
Encyclopedia
The Great Butter Rebellion, which took place at Harvard University
in 1766, was the first recorded student protest
in what is now the United States
. As colonists were gearing up for the American Revolution
, the spirit of the Sons of Liberty
trickled down to their sons, many of whom were in college at the time, whereupon they formed the group "The Sons of Harvard."
Since the opening of Harvard's gates in 1636, food service had been an issue. Despite periodic attempts at improving the service, the quality of the butter remained exceptionally poor. One meal with particularly rancid butter led Asa Dunbar (the grandfather of Henry David Thoreau
) to jump upon his chair and proclaim: "Behold, our butter stinketh!— give us therefore, butter that stinketh not." The cry was adopted by fully half the student body as they rose together and exited the Commons in protest.
In reaction to this incident, the university president acted as parliament and demanded a confession. As no student stepped forward, he suspended half the student body until the guilty party stepped forward. None of the students would out the instigator, and instead insisted that they be readmitted without penalty. Their defense: "That the Butter was bad and unwholesome no one can deny: had it been the first time, or had it happened rarely, we should have been content. This, however, was not the case." Eventually, the students won.
Harvard University
Harvard University is a private Ivy League university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, established in 1636 by the Massachusetts legislature. Harvard is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States and the first corporation chartered in the country...
in 1766, was the first recorded student protest
Student protest
Student protest encompasses a wide range of activities that indicate student dissatisfaction with a given political or academic issue and mobilization to communicate this dissatisfaction to the authorities and society in general and hopefully remedy the problem...
in what is now the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
. As colonists were gearing up for the American Revolution
American Revolution
The American Revolution was the political upheaval during the last half of the 18th century in which thirteen colonies in North America joined together to break free from the British Empire, combining to become the United States of America...
, the spirit of the Sons of Liberty
Sons of Liberty
The Sons of Liberty were a political group made up of American patriots that originated in the pre-independence North American British colonies. The group was formed to protect the rights of the colonists from the usurpations by the British government after 1766...
trickled down to their sons, many of whom were in college at the time, whereupon they formed the group "The Sons of Harvard."
Since the opening of Harvard's gates in 1636, food service had been an issue. Despite periodic attempts at improving the service, the quality of the butter remained exceptionally poor. One meal with particularly rancid butter led Asa Dunbar (the grandfather of Henry David Thoreau
Henry David Thoreau
Henry David Thoreau was an American author, poet, philosopher, abolitionist, naturalist, tax resister, development critic, surveyor, historian, and leading transcendentalist...
) to jump upon his chair and proclaim: "Behold, our butter stinketh!— give us therefore, butter that stinketh not." The cry was adopted by fully half the student body as they rose together and exited the Commons in protest.
In reaction to this incident, the university president acted as parliament and demanded a confession. As no student stepped forward, he suspended half the student body until the guilty party stepped forward. None of the students would out the instigator, and instead insisted that they be readmitted without penalty. Their defense: "That the Butter was bad and unwholesome no one can deny: had it been the first time, or had it happened rarely, we should have been content. This, however, was not the case." Eventually, the students won.
Sources
- Bethell, John T., Richard M. Hunt, & Robert Shenton. Harvard from A to Z. Harvard University Press: Cambridge, MA. 2004.
- Buettner, Cynthia K. Parties, Police, and Pandimonium: An exploratory study of mixed-issue campus disturbances. Dissertation, Ohio State University, 2004. http://66.102.1.104/scholar?hl=en&lr=&q=cache:Os4x7CGGr1AJ:www.public.iastate.edu/~dschwein/BuettnerDissertation.pdf+%22butter+rebellion%22+1766 (Accessed: November 18, 2007)
- "Butter." Time, March 23, 1925. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,881464,00.html (Accessed: November 18, 2007)
- Lepore, Jill. Lecture at Harvard University for her course: "Liberty and Slavery, the History of an American Paradox." October 18, 2005.
- Poitier, Beth. "The alpha and omega of Harvard lore" in The Harvard Gazette, June, 2004. http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/2004/06.10/13-harvard_a-z.html (Accessed: November 18, 2007)
- Wood, Sandy & Kara Kovalchik. "College protests in America began in the 1960s, right? Not quite. Back up a couple hundred years," in Mental Floss, April 6, 2003. http://www.mentalfloss.com/trivia/facts/2003/04/ (Accessed: November 18, 2007)