Burs (Dacia)
Encyclopedia
The Burs were a Dacian tribe living in Dacia
in the 1st and 2nd centuries Common Era
, with their capital city at Buridava
.
Before the battle of Tapae (in the first campaign of Trajan) the Dacian tribe, the Buri, sent Trajan a message to the effect that he should withdraw from Dacia and restore peaceful relations. Their message to him was inscribed on the smooth top of a very large mushroom, in Latin,. This message was unusual enough to become part of a frieze on Trajan's column.
They allied with other tribes in the region to support the efforts by Decebal
, the Dacian king, to turn back the Romans
. There were two Dacian tribes Buri: one in the later Roman Dacia centered around Buridava and other located to the North West of Dacia (South of Slovakian Carpathians) in the Upper Basin of Tisza. (Note: the Germanic Buri were between the Oder and the Vistula, between Cracow and Troppau, in Silesia. They were allies of Trajan, Roman Emperor, in his war against the Dacians, and also of Marcus Aurellus in the Marcomanic War.)
The socio-political formation of the Dacians Buri / Buridavensi that was centered around Buridava was located to the North East of Oltenia
and Muntenia
(modern Vâlcea and Argeş
counties) and also on the other side of the Carpathians, in the regions of Sebeş
and Făgăraş
mountains. This tribal union is documented by the archaeological monetary findings Aninoasa Dobresti. Among other evidences, a fragment of a vase carrying the inscription BUR, discovered at Ocnita, Muntenia, Romania, indicates the name of the tribe or union of tribes, the Buridavensi Dacians.
The Buri of the Upper Basin of Tisza is a part of the Buridavensi that migrated towards North West, where they neighbored the Germanic Quadi. At the new location, ancient sources also list other Dacian tribes: Piegetae, Biessi, Carpians, Arsitae, and Racatae.
The material culture of a mixed Dacian-Germanic origin, known in Slovakia ever since the beginning of the first century AD (at Zemplin, for instance), could represent the population named Buri in historical sources.
Dacia
In ancient geography, especially in Roman sources, Dacia was the land inhabited by the Dacians or Getae as they were known by the Greeks—the branch of the Thracians north of the Haemus range...
in the 1st and 2nd centuries Common Era
Common Era
Common Era ,abbreviated as CE, is an alternative designation for the calendar era originally introduced by Dionysius Exiguus in the 6th century, traditionally identified with Anno Domini .Dates before the year 1 CE are indicated by the usage of BCE, short for Before the Common Era Common Era...
, with their capital city at Buridava
Buridava
Buridava was a Dacian town. situated in Dacia, later Dacia Apulensis, now Romania, on the banks of the river Aluta now Olt- Tabula Peutingeriana :- Etimology :The name is Geto-Thracian- Dacian town :...
.
Name
According to Tomaschek, the root bur- is well known with the Dacian Thracian names: i.e. Burus (Thrax), Bουρχέντιος (that is to say Bhūri–Kanta, a Bessian from Thrace), Burebista (the king of Dacians that is maybe from Sanskrit bhūri "abundant, rich" and Iranian vista "possessor" ).Historical evidence
The Dacian tribe Buredeense / Buri is attested by the ninth tabula of Europe of Ptolemy's Geography, Cassius Dio and inscriptions.Before the battle of Tapae (in the first campaign of Trajan) the Dacian tribe, the Buri, sent Trajan a message to the effect that he should withdraw from Dacia and restore peaceful relations. Their message to him was inscribed on the smooth top of a very large mushroom, in Latin,. This message was unusual enough to become part of a frieze on Trajan's column.
Identity and distribution
According to Shchukin (1989), Bichir (1976) the tribal union of Buri were part of the Dacian state of Burebista, besides the Daci, the Getae, and the Carpi.They allied with other tribes in the region to support the efforts by Decebal
Decebalus
Decebalus or "The Brave" was a king of Dacia and is famous for fighting three wars and negotiating two interregnums of peace without being eliminated against the Roman Empire under two emperors...
, the Dacian king, to turn back the Romans
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
. There were two Dacian tribes Buri: one in the later Roman Dacia centered around Buridava and other located to the North West of Dacia (South of Slovakian Carpathians) in the Upper Basin of Tisza. (Note: the Germanic Buri were between the Oder and the Vistula, between Cracow and Troppau, in Silesia. They were allies of Trajan, Roman Emperor, in his war against the Dacians, and also of Marcus Aurellus in the Marcomanic War.)
The socio-political formation of the Dacians Buri / Buridavensi that was centered around Buridava was located to the North East of Oltenia
Oltenia
Oltenia is a historical province and geographical region of Romania, in western Wallachia. It is situated between the Danube, the Southern Carpathians and the Olt river ....
and Muntenia
Muntenia
Muntenia is a historical province of Romania, usually considered Wallachia-proper . It is situated between the Danube , the Carpathian Mountains and Moldavia , and the Olt River to the west...
(modern Vâlcea and Argeş
Arges
Arges was one of the Cyclopes in Greek mythology. He was elsewhere called Acmonides or Pyraemon. His name means 'bright' and represents the brightness from lightning....
counties) and also on the other side of the Carpathians, in the regions of Sebeş
Sebes
Sebeș is a city in Alba County, central Romania, southern Transylvania.-Geography:The city lies on the Mureș River valley and it straddles the Sebeș river...
and Făgăraş
Fagaras
Făgăraș is a city in central Romania, located in Braşov County . Another source of the name is alleged to derive from the Hungarian language word for "partridge" . A more plausible explanation is that the name is given by Fogaras river coming from the Pecheneg "Fagar šu", which means ash water...
mountains. This tribal union is documented by the archaeological monetary findings Aninoasa Dobresti. Among other evidences, a fragment of a vase carrying the inscription BUR, discovered at Ocnita, Muntenia, Romania, indicates the name of the tribe or union of tribes, the Buridavensi Dacians.
The Buri of the Upper Basin of Tisza is a part of the Buridavensi that migrated towards North West, where they neighbored the Germanic Quadi. At the new location, ancient sources also list other Dacian tribes: Piegetae, Biessi, Carpians, Arsitae, and Racatae.
The material culture of a mixed Dacian-Germanic origin, known in Slovakia ever since the beginning of the first century AD (at Zemplin, for instance), could represent the population named Buri in historical sources.