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Broad Front (Uruguay)
Encyclopedia
The Broad Front is a Uruguay
an left-wing coalition of political parties
. It is led by Jorge Brovetto. Frente Amplio has close ties with PIT-CNT trade union and the cooperative housing movement.
. The front was declared illegal during 1973 military coup d'état
of and emerged again in 1984 when democracy was restored in Uruguay.
In 1994 Progressive Encounter (Encuentro Progresista) was formed by several minor independent factions and the Frente Amplio. EP and FA started contesting elections jointly under the name Encuentro Progresista - Frente Amplio. Later another force, Nuevo Espacio, became linked to the front. Thus it started contesting elections as Encuentro Progresista - Frente Amplio - Nueva Mayoria.
In 2005 member organizations of Progressive Encounter and New Majority (essentially Nuevo Espacio) merged into the front, and the coalition took the name of the larger force, Frente Amplio. Previously, EP and later NM had been allied with FA but organizationally separate structures.
At the 2004 general election, the party won 51.7% of the popular vote and 52 out of 99 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and 17 out of 31 in the Senate, while its presidential candidate, Tabaré Vázquez
, won the presidential election. The Front retained its majority and the presidency in the 2009 election
with José Mujica
elected as president.
The alliance is - as far as available - formed by:
. Uruguay Assembly
of Danilo Astori
can be considered a centrist party and Astori has followed fiscal conservative policies as finance minister, whereas the Christian Democratic Party
is vocally opposed to abortion. Tabaré Vázquez
during his presidency maintained his pro-life stance, in contrast to the stance of many in his own Socialist Party
, leading him to leave his positions in the party http://www.nowpublic.com/world/uruguay-president-tabare-vazquez-leaves-party-chief-post-after-vetoing-abortion.
Uruguay
Uruguay ,officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay,sometimes the Eastern Republic of Uruguay; ) is a country in the southeastern part of South America. It is home to some 3.5 million people, of whom 1.8 million live in the capital Montevideo and its metropolitan area...
an left-wing coalition of political parties
Political Parties
Political Parties: A Sociological Study of the Oligarchical Tendencies of Modern Democracy is a book by sociologist Robert Michels, published in 1911 , and first introducing the concept of iron law of oligarchy...
. It is led by Jorge Brovetto. Frente Amplio has close ties with PIT-CNT trade union and the cooperative housing movement.
History
Frente Amplio was founded as a coalition of more than a dozen fractured leftist parties and movements in 1971. The first president of the front and its first candidate for the presidency of the country was General Liber SeregniLíber Seregni
Líber Seregni Mosquera , was an Uruguayan military officer and politician. In his youth he a was a member of the Colorado Party. Under successive governments of that party, he had a successful military career until his retirement in 1968...
. The front was declared illegal during 1973 military coup d'état
Coup d'état
A coup d'état state, literally: strike/blow of state)—also known as a coup, putsch, and overthrow—is the sudden, extrajudicial deposition of a government, usually by a small group of the existing state establishment—typically the military—to replace the deposed government with another body; either...
of and emerged again in 1984 when democracy was restored in Uruguay.
In 1994 Progressive Encounter (Encuentro Progresista) was formed by several minor independent factions and the Frente Amplio. EP and FA started contesting elections jointly under the name Encuentro Progresista - Frente Amplio. Later another force, Nuevo Espacio, became linked to the front. Thus it started contesting elections as Encuentro Progresista - Frente Amplio - Nueva Mayoria.
In 2005 member organizations of Progressive Encounter and New Majority (essentially Nuevo Espacio) merged into the front, and the coalition took the name of the larger force, Frente Amplio. Previously, EP and later NM had been allied with FA but organizationally separate structures.
At the 2004 general election, the party won 51.7% of the popular vote and 52 out of 99 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and 17 out of 31 in the Senate, while its presidential candidate, Tabaré Vázquez
Tabaré Vázquez
Tabaré Ramón Vázquez Rosas is a former President of Uruguay. A physician by training, he is a member of the leftist Frente Amplo coalition . Vázquez was elected president on October 31, 2004, took office on March 1, 2005, and relinquished the office on March 1, 2010...
, won the presidential election. The Front retained its majority and the presidency in the 2009 election
Uruguayan general election, 2009
General elections for President and Parliament took place in Uruguay on 25 October and 29 November 2009. In parliamentary election results, the Broad Front emerged the winner, electing 16 senators and 50 deputies, while the National Party elected 9 senators and 30 deputies, the Colorado Party 5...
with José Mujica
José Mujica
José Alberto "Pepe" Mujica Cordano is a Uruguayan politician and former guerrilla fighter, a member of the Broad Front and current President of Uruguay....
elected as president.
The alliance is - as far as available - formed by:
- Asamblea Uruguay (Uruguay AssemblyUruguay AssemblyThe Uruguay Assembly is a social-democratic political party in Uruguay. It is a member organisation of the ruling Broad Front. Its leader is the senator and former minister of economy of Uruguay, Danilo Astori....
) led by Danilo AstoriDanilo AstoriDanilo Astori is a Uruguayan social democratic politician who was the Minister of Economics and Finance of Uruguay from 2005 to 2008... - Partido Socialista del Uruguay (Socialist Party of UruguaySocialist Party of UruguayThe Socialist Party of Uruguay is an Uruguayan political party founded in 1910. Its main leader and spokesman was Dr Emilio Frugoni, the most prominent advocate of socialist ideas in Uruguay....
) led by Daniel Martínez - Partido Comunista del Uruguay (Communist Party of UruguayCommunist Party of UruguayThe Communist Party of Uruguay is a communist political party in Uruguay, created on September 21, 1920. It is a member organisation of the ruling Broad Front.The current PCU secretary-general is ....
) led by Eduardo Lorier - Corriente 78 (Current 78Current 78The Current 78 is a progressive political party in Uruguay. It is a member organisation of the ruling Broad Front Progressive Encounter-New Majority....
) - Nuevo Espacio (New Space) led by Rafael MicheliniRafael MicheliniRafael Michelini Delle Piane is a Uruguayan politician. He is currently Senator of the Republic of Uruguay as a member of the Frente Amplio party, and was the founder of New Space party. He was the seventh of ten children, and is the son of Zelmar Michelini, a former senator who was assassinated...
- Vertiente Artiguista (Artiguist StreamVertiente ArtiguistaThe Vertiente Artiguista is a social-democratic political party in Uruguay led by Joel Parnell....
) led by Enrique Rubio - Movimiento de Participación Popular (Movement of Popular ParticipationMovement of Popular ParticipationThe Movement of Popular Participation is a Uruguayan political party. It is a member organisation of the ruling left-wing party Broad Front.- Background :...
) led by Lucía TopolanskyLucía TopolanskyLucía Topolansky is a Uruguayan Senator, wife of Uruguay's President José Mujica and the First Lady of Uruguay.- Background :During her childhood she studied in the College Sacré Cœur de las Hermanas Dominicas in Montevideo with her twin sister... - Partido Demócrata Cristiano del Uruguay (Christian Democratic Party of UruguayChristian Democratic Party of UruguayThe Christian Democratic Party of Uruguay is a political party of the Christian Left.-Affiliation:...
) - Partido de los Comunes (Party of the CommunesParty of the CommunesThe Party of the Communes is a progressive political party in Uruguay. It is a member organisation of the ruling Broad Front Progressive Encounter-New Majority and represents local administrations.-External links:*...
) - Confluencia Frenteamplio (Broad Front ConfluenceBroad Front ConfluenceThe Broad Front Confluence is a socialist political party in Uruguay. It is a member organisation of the ruling Broad Front Progressive Encounter-New Majority....
) - Alianza Progresista (Progressive AllianceProgressive Alliance (Uruguay)The Progressive Alliance is a social-democratic political party of Uruguay founded in 1999 by the former Vice President Rodolfo Nin Novoa, since then is part of the Frente Amplio....
) led by Rodolfo Nin NovoaRodolfo Nin NovoaRodolfo Nin Novoa is the former Vice President of Uruguay, he is the leader of Progressive Alliance.-Background:He was born in mixed Armenian- Spanish family. Having originally received a traditional, Roman Catholic education, Nin was a member of the National Party and mayor in his department ....
Splits
Along its history, despite the fact of constantly attracting political factions from other parties, the Broad Front suffered some splits as well:- In 1989, the Party for the Government of the PeopleParty for the Government of the PeopleThe Party for the Government of the People —in Spanish: Partido por el Gobierno del Pueblo—was a social democratic political party in Uruguay. It was originally the Movimiento por el Gobierno del Pueblo...
and the Christian Democratic Party of UruguayChristian Democratic Party of UruguayThe Christian Democratic Party of Uruguay is a political party of the Christian Left.-Affiliation:...
left the Broad Front to conform a new moderate-left coalition. - In 1993, the extreme-leftist Oriental Revolutionary MovementOriental Revolutionary MovementOriental Revolutionary Movement is a left-wing political movement in Uruguay. The organization is led by Ariel Collazo...
split and formed a political party on its own. - In April 2006 there was another split from the extreme left: the March 26 MovementMarch 26 MovementThe March 26 Movement is a leftist political party in Uruguay, which emerged out the Tupamaros. Since its foundation in 1971 until March 2008 was a member organisation of the Broad Front. After that the M26 founded a new party called "Asamblea Popular" in cooperation with other leftwing groups....
and other groups left and formed a new coalition, Popular AssemblyPopular AssemblyThe Popular Assembly is a socialist electoral coalition in Uruguay.The party was founded in April 2006, as a more left-wing alternative to the Broad Front. It is supported by the Revolutionary Communist Party of Uruguay, the Humanist Party of Uruguay and other left-wing groups, including several...
.
Ideology
The Broad Front consists primarily of progressive and political parties. However, in government it has tended to follow policies favouring a market economy with expanded social programs. Not all the parties in the Broad Front can be considered left-wing, indeed some lean towards fiscal conservatism or social conservatismSocial conservatism
Social Conservatism is primarily a political, and usually morally influenced, ideology that focuses on the preservation of what are seen as traditional values. Social conservatism is a form of authoritarianism often associated with the position that the federal government should have a greater role...
. Uruguay Assembly
Uruguay Assembly
The Uruguay Assembly is a social-democratic political party in Uruguay. It is a member organisation of the ruling Broad Front. Its leader is the senator and former minister of economy of Uruguay, Danilo Astori....
of Danilo Astori
Danilo Astori
Danilo Astori is a Uruguayan social democratic politician who was the Minister of Economics and Finance of Uruguay from 2005 to 2008...
can be considered a centrist party and Astori has followed fiscal conservative policies as finance minister, whereas the Christian Democratic Party
Christian Democratic Party of Uruguay
The Christian Democratic Party of Uruguay is a political party of the Christian Left.-Affiliation:...
is vocally opposed to abortion. Tabaré Vázquez
Tabaré Vázquez
Tabaré Ramón Vázquez Rosas is a former President of Uruguay. A physician by training, he is a member of the leftist Frente Amplo coalition . Vázquez was elected president on October 31, 2004, took office on March 1, 2005, and relinquished the office on March 1, 2010...
during his presidency maintained his pro-life stance, in contrast to the stance of many in his own Socialist Party
Socialist Party of Uruguay
The Socialist Party of Uruguay is an Uruguayan political party founded in 1910. Its main leader and spokesman was Dr Emilio Frugoni, the most prominent advocate of socialist ideas in Uruguay....
, leading him to leave his positions in the party http://www.nowpublic.com/world/uruguay-president-tabare-vazquez-leaves-party-chief-post-after-vetoing-abortion.
Results in the 2004 internal elections
In 2004 the first internal elections for EP-FA-NM was held. Previously elections had only been held within FA.| List | Party | Votes | % | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 609 |
|
148,426 | 33.18 | ||||||
| 90 |
|
79,090 | 17.68 | ||||||
| 2121 |
|
40,741 | 9.11 | ||||||
| 738 |
|
37,628 | 8.41 | ||||||
| 77 |
|
34,536 | 7.72 | ||||||
| 99000 |
|
30,762 | 6.88 | ||||||
| 1001 |
|
26,569 | 5.94 | ||||||
| 326 |
|
12,175 | 2.72 | ||||||
| 1303 |
|
8,776 | 1.96 | ||||||
| 1813 |
|
7,425 | 1.66 | ||||||
| 5271 |
|
5,233 | 1.17 | ||||||
| 567 |
|
2,664 | 0.64 | ||||||
| 9393 |
|
2,354 | 0.53 | ||||||
| 1968 |
|
387 | 0.09 | ||||||
| 871 |
|
371 | 0.08 | ||||||
| 5205 |
|
198 | 0.04 | ||||||
| 11815 | 86 | 0.02 | |||||||
| 2571 |
|
23 | 0.01 | ||||||
|
447,313 |
Latest elections
External links
- EP-FA-NM - Official web site